PRELIMS Flashcards
(77 cards)
The medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body.
MRI
MRI scanners use strong ______ fields, magnetic field ________, and _______ waves to generate images of the organs in the body.
- strong magnetic field
- magnetic field gradients
- radiowaves
He is the inventor of the first magnetic resonance scanning machine celebrates his 85th birthday on March 16.
Dr. Raymond Damadian
He is a physician performed the first full-body scan of a human being in 1977.
Dr. Raymond Damadian
MR imaging was invented by _____ _ __________ mechanism to encode spatial information into who developed NMR signal using magnetic field gradients in September 1971; he published the theory behind it in March 1973.
Paul C. Lauterbur
Damadian built the first whole-body MRI scanner in 1977, which he called the __________ (impossible).
Indomitable
_________ was able to image a student’s finger in 15-23 minutes in 1974.
Mansfield
_______________ is a vector field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, and magnetic materials.
magnetic field
___________ is a material or object that produces a magnetic field.
magnet
it is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom
atomic nucleus
In 1911, he discovered the atomic nucleus based on the 1990 Geiger-Marsden Gold Foil experiment.
Ernest Rutherford
________ is a quantum-mechanical property, akin to the angular momentum of a classical sphere rotating on its axis, except it comes in discrete units of integer or half-integer multiples of ħ.
proton spin
_______________ is a medical procedure in which part of the electrical conduction system of the heart, tumor or other dysfunctional tissue is ablated medium frequency alternating current.
radiofrequency
Radiofrequency ablation also called ___________.
fulguration
These are materials where the magnetic field is generated by the internal structure of the material itself.
permanent magnet
the uniform magnetic field is found inside the coil, especially in the center
these magnets are relatively inexpensive to make but require a large constant flow of current while magnetized and imaging
resistive magnet
a superconducting magnet is an elecromagnet made from coils of superconducting wire
most MRI systems use this magnet
superconductive magnet
is the time constant which determines the rate at which excited protons reach equilibrium or go out of phase with each other
it is a measure of the time taken for spinning protons to the coherence among the nuclei spinning perpendicular to the field
T2 or Transverse Relaxation Time
is the concentration of signal bearing spins
spin density
TR is the amount of time between successive pulse sequences applied to the same slice
repetition time
TE is the time between the delivery of the rf pulse and the receipt of echo signal
time to echo
often denoted by the symbol gamma
it is the ratio of the magnetic momentum in a particle to its angular momentum
gyromagnetic ratio
is a measure of torque exerted on a magnetic system (bar magnet or dipole) when placed in a magnetic field and that for a magnet is the product of the distance between its poles and the strength of either pole
magnetic momentum
also known as spin, is the velocity of rotation of something around an axis
angular momentum
