PRELIMS Flashcards
(50 cards)
An enzyme found
mainly in the liver; elevated levels can
indicate liver damage.
Alamin Aminotransferase
A protein produced by the
liver, essential for maintaining osmotic
pressure and transporting substances in the
blood
Albumin
An enzyme related to the
bile ducts; high levels may indicate liver
disease or bone disorders.
Alkaline phosphatase
An enzyme found
in the liver and heart; elevated levels can
indicate liver or muscle damage.
Aspartate aminotransferase
A yellow compound formed
during the breakdown of red blood cells; high
levels can cause jaundice and indicate liver
dysfunction.
Bilirubin
A measure of urea
levels in the blood, used to assess kidney
function.
Blood Urea Nitrogen
A lipid essential for cell
membrane structure, but high levels can
increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Cholesterol
A waste product from
muscle metabolism, used to assess kidney
function.
Creatinine
An enzyme found in the
heart, brain, and skeletal muscle; elevated
levels can indicate muscle damage or
myocardial infarction.
Creatine Kinase
An enzyme found in the
heart, brain, and skeletal muscle; elevated
levels can indicate muscle damage or
myocardial infarction.
Creatine Kinase
A group of metabolic disorders
characterized by hyperglycemia resulting
from defects in insulin secretion, insulin
action, or both.
Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2)
A protein fragment produced
when a blood clot dissolves; elevated levels
may indicate thrombosis
D - dimer
Minerals in the blood and other
body fluids that carry an electric charge,
including sodium, potassium, chloride, and
bicarbonate.
Electroytes
: A laboratory
technique to detect antibodies or antigens in
a sample.
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
A test measuring
blood glucose levels after a period of fasting,
used to diagnose diabetes.
Fasting Blood Glucose
A protein that stores iron in the
body; levels indicate the amount of stored
iron.
Ferritin
An enzyme
involved in the transfer of amino acids and
peptides; elevated levels can indicate liver
disease.
Gamma - Glutamyl Transferase
A test to estimate how
much blood passes through the glomeruli of
the kidneys each minute; a key indicator of
kidney function.
Glomerular Filtration Rate
A simple sugar that provides
energy for the body; blood glucose levels are
critical in diagnosing and managing diabetes
Glucose
A form of hemoglobin
that is measured to identify the average
plasma glucose concentration over
prolonged periods; used in diabetes
management.
Hemoglobin A1C (HgbA1C)
Often referred to
as “good cholesterol,” HDL helps remove
cholesterol from the arteries.
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)
A laboratory technique
that uses the binding between an antigen and
its antibody to identify and quantify
Immunoassay
A standardized
number that’s calculated based on the
results of a PT test; used to monitor patients
on anticoagulant therapy.
International Normalized Rate (INR)
Chemicals that the liver produces
when there is not enough insulin in the body;
high levels are found in diabetic ketoacidosis.
Ketones
