PRELIMS: Adhesive Capsulitis Flashcards
(15 cards)
Q: What is a key diagnostic feature of adhesive capsulitis?
A: Loss of passive external rotation, especially with the arm at the side.
Q: What structures are primarily affected in adhesive capsulitis?
A: Capsuloligamentous complex, musculotendinous structures, and the rotator cuff interval (superior glenohumeral ligament & coracohumeral ligament).
Q: Why does adhesive capsulitis cause pain?
A: Increased nerve growth and vascularity in the capsule contribute to pain.
Q: What age and gender are most commonly affected by adhesive capsulitis?
A: Ages 40-65, with a higher prevalence in females.
Q: Name three additional risk factors for adhesive capsulitis.
A: Prolonged immobilization, cardiovascular conditions (e.g., myocardial infarction), and previous history in the opposite shoulder.
Q: Name three outcome measures used for adhesive capsulitis.
A: DASH, SPADI, ASES.
Q: What are the four stages of adhesive capsulitis, and their timeframes?
Stage 1 (Pre-freezing): 0-3 months, pain at end ranges, minimal motion loss.
Stage 2 (Freezing): 3-9 months, increasing stiffness and pain in all directions.
Stage 3 (Frozen): 9-15 months, severe motion restriction, less pain.
Stage 4 (Thawing): 15-24 months, gradual improvement in mobility.
Q: Which shoulder motion is most significantly restricted in adhesive capsulitis?
A: External rotation.
Q: What should be included in patient education for adhesive capsulitis?
A: Explanation of the natural course of the disease, activity modification, and appropriate stretching intensity based on irritability.
Q: What special test is used to assess adhesive capsulitis?
A: Coracoid Squeeze Test.
Q: What is the role of corticosteroid injections in adhesive capsulitis?
A: They provide short-term relief (4-6 weeks) and are most effective in early stages when combined with stretching exercises.
Q: How should stretching exercises be modified based on irritability levels?
High irritability: Gentle, pain-free ROM.
Moderate irritability: Stretch to mild discomfort, but no post-exercise pain.
Low irritability: More aggressive stretching and functional exercises.
Q: When is translational manipulation under anesthesia considered?
A: As a last resort for severe cases that do not respond to conservative treatment.
Q: Name two medical conditions associated with a higher risk of adhesive capsulitis.
A: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders.
