Prelims Bioethics Flashcards
(152 cards)
1
Q
. Ability to pay . Merit . Contribution to society . Need . First come, first serve
- Principle of justice
- Principle of non maleficence
- Principle of beneficence the right of self determination
- Free & informed consent
- Confidentiality
- Fidelity
- Veracity
- Paternalism
A
- Principle of justice
2
Q
The promotion of health and social development for the people is a central purpose of governments; Reduction of poverty and illiteracy
- Autonomy and individual responsibility
- Benefit and harm
- Consent
- Equality, justice and equity
- Human dignity and human rights
- Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
- Persons without the capacity to consent
- Protecting future generations
- Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
- Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
- Privacy and confidentiality
- Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
- Sharing of benefits
- Social responsibility and health
- Solidarity and cooperation
A
- Social responsibility and health
3
Q
Consent is which UNESCO article?
a. article 2
b. article 3
c. article 4
d. article 5
e. article 6
f. article 7
A
e. article 6
4
Q
You provide information to an organization and it is used in a way that clearly benefits you and the organization’s expectations are reasonable
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
A
b. Implicit Consent
5
Q
M edical practitioners should act in the best interests of a patient
- Autonomy
- Non maleficence
- Beneficence
- Justice
- Fidelity
- Stewardship
- Totality
- Double effect
- Cooperation
- Solidarity
- Subsidiarity
- Personalized sexuality
- Inviolability of life
A
- Beneficence
6
Q
An example is the debate on smoking’ we are free to decide to smoke and endanger our own health, but we cannot endanger the health of others
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
A
c. autonomy and responsibility
7
Q
Person must be able to decide freely whether he or she wants to be treated in a certain manner to participate in research
- Disclosure of the Information to the subject
- Understanding of Information
- Voluntariness of the Decision
- Formal Consent
A
- Voluntariness of the Decision
8
Q
Article 14
- Autonomy and individual responsibility
- Benefit and harm
- Consent
- Equality, justice and equity
- Human dignity and human rights
- Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
- Persons without the capacity to consent
- Protecting future generations
- Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
- Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
- Privacy and confidentiality
- Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
- Sharing of benefits
- Social responsibility and health
- Solidarity and cooperation
A
- Social responsibility and health
9
Q
Individual must have the capacity to understand the information given
- Disclosure of the Information to the subject
- Understanding of Information
- Voluntariness of the Decision
- Formal Consent
A
- Understanding of Information
10
Q
What does UNESCO stand for?
a. United Nations Emotion, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
b. United Nations Education, Science, and Culture Organization
c. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Communication Organization
d. United Nations Educational, Science, and Communication Organization
A
c. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Communication Organization
11
Q
human dignity is strongly connected with human rights
a. Aristotle and Stoics
b. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
c. Immanuel Kant
d. International Law
e. Thomas Hobbes
f. World Religion
A
d. International Law
12
Q
Due regard is to be given to the interconnection between human beings and other forms of life
- Autonomy and individual responsibility
- Benefit and harm
- Consent
- Equality, justice and equity
- Human dignity and human rights
- Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
- Persons without the capacity to consent
- Protecting future generations
- Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
- Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
- Privacy and confidentiality
- Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
- Sharing of benefits
- Social responsibility and health
- Solidarity and cooperation
A
- Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
13
Q
Persons Without the Capacity to Consent is which UNESCO article?
a. article 2
b. article 3
c. article 4
d. article 5
e. article 6
f. article 7
A
f. article 7
14
Q
mutually related
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
A
c. autonomy and responsibility
15
Q
Content of information, method, timing and setting of its provision
- Disclosure of the Information to the subject
- Understanding of Information
- Voluntariness of the Decision
- Formal Consent
A
- Disclosure of the Information to the subject
16
Q
Compassion/Respect - respect and be compassionate to your patient.
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
A
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
17
Q
Courage
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
A
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
18
Q
It requires an action
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
A
e. Opt-Out Consent
19
Q
Also known as giving consent by not declining to give consent
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
A
e. Opt-Out Consent
20
Q
Human attitudes need to be changed radically
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
A
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
21
Q
Interest and welfare of individual should have priority over the sole interest of science or society
- Autonomy and individual responsibility
- Benefit and harm
- Consent
- Equality, justice and equity
- Human dignity and human rights
- Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
- Persons without the capacity to consent
- Protecting future generations
- Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
- Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
- Privacy and confidentiality
- Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
- Sharing of benefits
- Social responsibility and health
- Solidarity and cooperation
A
- Human dignity and human rights
22
Q
physicians’ dedication to the humanitarian goals of medicine
a. Declaration of Geneva
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Hippocratic Oath
d. Nuremberg Code
e. The Belmont Report
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
g. World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo
A
Declaration of Geneva
23
Q
Match definitions of death (old, reformulated, new)
a. breathing and circulation of blood ceases
b. cessation of all brain activity, including the brainstem
c. irreversible loss of neurological activities of the brain
A
old: a. breathing and circulation of blood ceases
reformulated: c. irreversible loss of neurological activities of the brain
new: b. cessation of all brain activity, including the brainstem
24
Q
Dr Christian Barnard
a. artificial ventilators
b. haemodialysis
c. human genetics
d. human reproduction
e. organ transplant
A
e. organ transplant
25
. Disclosing comprehensive & truthful information, diagnosis & treatment options to patients
. Maintaining privacy & confidentiality
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
1. Autonomy
26
Everything that happens to the patient is based on the actions of the physician
a. Accountability
b. Compassion/Respect
c. Courage
d. Fairness
e. Honest
a. Accountability
27
three components of sustainable development but interdependent and mutually reinforcing’ problem is that they are often viewed as separate spheres with their own logic and values
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
28
Also known as express or direct consent
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
a. Explicit Consentb
29
direct and indirect benefits to patients, research participants and other affected individuals should be maximized and any possible harm to such individuals should be minimized
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
2. Benefit and harm
30
Article 10
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
8. Equality, justice and equity
31
Intended as a revision of the Hippocratic Oath
a. Declaration of Geneva
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Hippocratic Oath
d. Nuremberg Code
e. The Belmont Report
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
g. World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo
Declaration of Geneva
32
Honest - do honest act
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
33
Article 6
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
4. Consent
34
underlies the patient’s right to self-determination
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
a. autonomy
35
Consciously accepted status or commitments
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
36
Applicable when resources are expensive or scarce & decisions must be made about who will receive these resources
1. Principle of justice
2. Principle of non maleficence
3. Principle of beneficence the right of self determination
4. Free & informed consent
5. Confidentiality
6. Fidelity
7. Veracity
8. Paternalism
1. Principle of justice
37
Pope’s response: no one had a moral obligation to sustain life by use of ‘extraordinary means’
a. artificial ventilators
b. haemodialysis
c. human genetics
d. human reproduction
e. organ transplant
a. artificial ventilators
38
The Nuremberg Code has how many points?
10 (ten)
39
Article 17
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
15. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
40
Act on the basis of rational principles and rules accepted as adequate to one’s understanding of good, personal dignity and happiness
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
41
Article 5
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
3. Autonomy and individual responsibility
42
Benefit and Harm is which UNESCO article?
a. article 2
b. article 3
c. article 4
d. article 5
e. article 6
f. article 7
c. article 4
43
meets the needs of present generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
d. sustainable development
44
Responsibility as accountability
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
45
Article 15
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
13. Sharing of benefits
46
Deciding what counts as “morally obligatory” is a principal concern of ethics.
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
c. Moral Responsibility
47
Act on the basis of rational principles and rules accepted as adequate to one’s understanding of good, personal dignity and happiness
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
a. autonomy
48
Technologies need to be developed for conservation of environmental resources
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
49
article 3
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Persons without the capacity to consent
7. Privacy and confidentiality
8. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
50
Deciding what counts as “morally obligatory” is a principal concern of ethics.
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
51
Freedom from paternalistic interference and authoritarian dictates form any agent, state and transnational institution
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
52
Consent given by a group of several parties (e.g. association) or consent given by all parties
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
53
Always applied with non maleficence
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
3. Beneficence
54
Article 3
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
1. Human dignity and human rights
55
4 steps in the process of informed consent
1. Disclosure of the Information to the subject
2. Understanding of Information
3. Voluntariness of the Decision
4. Formal Consent
56
Article 13
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
11. Solidarity and cooperation
57
integration of economic, socio-political and ecological spheres:
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
58
Is one’s awareness of one’s obligation to make decisions, act independently and make decision without appropriately in the basis of certain commitment
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
59
The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
d. sustainable development
60
Article 8
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
6. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
61
Dignity is aspect of personal freedom
a. Aristotle and Stoics
b. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
c. Immanuel Kant
d. International Law
e. Thomas Hobbes
f. World Religion
b. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
62
Allows a decision maker to attempt to establish the decision an incompetent person would have made if he or she were competent
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
f. Substituted Consent
63
question
answer
64
. One ought to prevent evil
. One ought to remove evil or harm
. One ought to do or promote good
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
3. Beneficence
65
Article 7
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
5. Persons without the capacity to consent
66
The status of morally deserving praise, blame, reward or punishment for an act or omission performed or neglected in accordance with one’s moral obligations
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
c. Moral Responsibility
67
Based on the principle of RESPECT for the persons; Requires that individuals treat each other with respect regardless of condition such as age, status, race, decision making capacity
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
68
Autonomy and Individual Responsibility is which UNESCO article?
a. article 2
b. article 3
c. article 4
d. article 5
e. article 6
f. article 7
d. article 5
69
Also known as deemed or indirect consent
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
b. Implicit Consent
70
Basic Ethical Principles are (8)
```
Stewardship
Totality
Double Effect
Cooperation
Solidarity
Subsidiarity
Personalized sexuality
Inviolability of Life
```
71
Article 4
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
2. Benefit and harm
72
Fairness - do your job fairly. Give your service “worth it sa payment ng pasyente”
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
73
. Respect for persons and truth telling
. Involves loyalty, faithfulness & honoring commitments
1. Principle of justice
2. Principle of non maleficence
3. Principle of beneficence the right of self determination
4. Free & informed consent
5. Confidentiality
6. Fidelity
7. Veracity
8. Paternalism
6. Fidelity
74
Includes such principles as:
o Informed consent and absence of coercion
o Properly formulated scientific experimentation
o Beneficence towards experiment participants
a. Declaration of Geneva
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Hippocratic Oath
d. Nuremberg Code
e. The Belmont Report
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
g. World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo
Nuremberg Code
75
Usually done in writing
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
76
Responsibility as accountability
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
77
Individuals is clearly presented with an option to agree with the collection, use or disclosure of personal information
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
a. Explicit Consentb
78
The duty of promoting values is …
origin of norms
79
An individual is the capacity for self-determination, independent decisions, actions, and evaluation.
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
a. autonomy
80
Primum non nocere
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
2. Non maleficence
81
Universal virtue, unconditional and incomparable worth determined by one’s autonomy rather than origin, wealth, or social status
a. Aristotle and Stoics
b. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
c. Immanuel Kant
d. International Law
e. Thomas Hobbes
f. World Religion
c. Immanuel Kant
82
1 st moral precept of professional ethics
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
3. Beneficence
83
What are the 4 areas of UNESCO?
Education
Science
Culture
Communication
84
Dignitiy is embodiment of one’s public worth
a. Aristotle and Stoics
b. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
c. Immanuel Kant
d. International Law
e. Thomas Hobbes
f. World Religion
d. Thomas Hobbes
85
Refers to fairness, treating people equally and without prejudice & the equitable distribution of benefits & burdens
1. Principle of justice
2. Principle of non maleficence
3. Principle of beneficence the right of self determination
1. Principle of justice
86
Paternalism is part of modern bioethics (t/f)
. f
87
in command in everything you do to your patient
a. Accountability
b. Compassion/Respect
c. Courage
d. Fairness
e. Honest
a. Accountability
88
those who are weak in body and soul have dignity equal to those who are robust and sturdy
a. Aristotle and Stoics
b. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
c. Immanuel Kant
d. International Law
e. Thomas Hobbes
f. World Religion
e. World Religion
89
UNESCO is concerned with moral issues in relation to
a. Education
b. Science
c. Culture
d. Communication
b. Science
90
Accountability
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
91
Freedom from paternalistic interference and authoritarian dictates form any agent, state and transnational institution
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
a. autonomy
92
James Watson and Francis Crick
a. artificial ventilators
b. haemodialysis
c. human genetics
d. human reproduction
e. organ transplant
c. human genetics
93
Accountability - in command in everything you do to your patient. Everything that happens to the patient is based on the actions of the physician
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
94
```
. Protect & defend the rights of others
. Prevent harm from occurring to others
. Remove conditions that will cause harm to others
. Help persons with disabilities
. Rescue persons in danger
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1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
3. Beneficence
95
Medical practitioners must not harm the patient
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
2. Non maleficence
96
If we want our free choices, and values to be respected, we are obliged to give the same respect to the free choices, and thus values, of others
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
c. autonomy and responsibility
97
Social institutions need to be remodelled
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
98
A set of research ethics principles for human experimentation as result of WW2
a. Declaration of Geneva
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Hippocratic Oath
d. Nuremberg Code
e. The Belmont Report
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
g. World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo
Nuremberg Code
99
In order to prevent a continuing decline of natural resources over time a drastic change in patterns of production and consumption is necessary
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
100
Fairness
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
101
Capable patients must be able to accept or refuse recommended medical interventions
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
1. Autonomy
102
Courage
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
103
Informed consent is related to
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
1. Autonomy
104
Responsibility as personal and universal duty.
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
105
Dr Bernard Scribner
a. artificial ventilators
b. haemodialysis
c. human genetics
d. human reproduction
e. organ transplant
b. haemodialysis
106
First Person vs Proxy Consent
1. Disclosure of the Information to the subject
2. Understanding of Information
3. Voluntariness of the Decision
4. Formal Consent
4. Formal Consent
107
Risk of loss of insurance and of work
a. artificial ventilators
b. haemodialysis
c. human genetics
d. human reproduction
e. organ transplant
c. human genetics
108
The world commission environment and development considers poverty as the main cause and effect of environment degradation
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
109
do honest act
a. Accountability
b. Compassion/Respect
c. Courage
d. Fairness
e. Honest
e. Honest
110
. Patients must trust the physicians and have faith in the therapeutic relationship if growth is to occur
. Physicians must take care not to threatening the therapeutic relationship nor to leave obligations unfulfilled
1. Principle of justice
2. Principle of non maleficence
3. Principle of beneficence the right of self determination
4. Free & informed consent
5. Confidentiality
6. Fidelity
7. Veracity
8. Paternalism
6. Fidelity
111
Give your service “worth it sa payment ng pasyente”
a. Accountability
b. Compassion/Respect
c. Courage
d. Fairness
e. Honest
d. Fairness
112
One’s capability to self determination
a. Dual Nature of Responsibility
b. Five Elements of Responsibility
c. Moral Responsibility
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
d. Levels and Notions of Autonomy
113
Article 12
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
114
You voluntarily provide personal information for an organization to collect, or disclose for purposes that would be considered obvious at the time
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
b. Implicit Consent
115
what is counter to paternalism?
informed consent
116
Responsibility as personal and universal duty.
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
117
Established to develop the ethical principles that should guide research and to recommend rules and procedures to protect rights and welfare of human subjects
a. Declaration of Geneva
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Hippocratic Oath
d. Nuremberg Code
e. The Belmont Report
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
g. World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
118
Right of a rational person to express personal decisions be honored, independent of outside interference and to act on them on values
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
1. Autonomy
119
Consent inferred from a person’s actions and the facts and circumstances of a particular situation
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
c. Implied Consent
120
Performing deeds of mercy, kindness, friendship & charity
1. Autonomy
2. Non maleficence
3. Beneficence
4. Justice
5. Fidelity
6. Stewardship
7. Totality
8. Double effect
9. Cooperation
10. Solidarity
11. Subsidiarity
12. Personalized sexuality
13. Inviolability of life
3. Beneficence
121
Honest - do honest act
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
122
The father of bioethics
a. Christian Barnard
b. Claude Bernard
c. Karen Quinlan
d. Van Rensselaer Potter
d. Van Rensselaer Potter
123
Many organizations especially websites use this as a way to request permission to use your personal information for other purposes
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
124
changed definition of death
a. artificial ventilators
b. haemodialysis
c. human genetics
d. human reproduction
e. organ transplant
e. organ transplant
125
addresses to proper distribution of benefits and burdens and allocation of health care resources
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
4. Equality, justice and equity
126
Article 16
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
14. Protecting future generations
127
dignity was associated with human abilities of deliberation, self-awareness, and free decision-making
a. Aristotle and Stoics
b. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
c. Immanuel Kant
d. International Law
e. Thomas Hobbes
f. World Religion
a. Aristotle and Stoics
128
In paternalism doctors take patients values into account (t/f)
. F
129
A “God Committee” of laypeople was formed to choose between who would be treated, and thus live, and those who would be rejected, only to di
a. artificial ventilators
b. haemodialysis
c. human genetics
d. human reproduction
e. organ transplant
b. haemodialysis
130
When these norms are wide and general they are called
principles
131
proposed 3 principles that should guide researchers
o Respect for person (informed consent)
o Beneficence (the assessment of risk in relation to benefit)
o Justice (equitable selection of subjects)
a. Declaration of Geneva
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Hippocratic Oath
d. Nuremberg Code
e. The Belmont Report
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
g. World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo
e. The Belmont Report
132
You are a clerk (male) when you do physical exam you let someone (nurse) to accompany you to your patient (female)
a. Accountability
b. Compassion/Respect
c. Courage
d. Fairness
e. Honest
b. Compassion/Respect
133
Consent form has to be signed or an oral statement has to be given in the presence of the witness
1. Disclosure of the Information to the subject
2. Understanding of Information
3. Voluntariness of the Decision
4. Formal Consent
4. Formal Consent
134
Which covers human experimentation?
a. Declaration of Geneva
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Hippocratic Oath
d. Nuremberg Code
e. The Belmont Report
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
g. World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo
b. Declaration of Helsinki
| d. Nuremberg Code
135
Article 9
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
7. Privacy and confidentiality
136
the way we are using natural resources need to be transformed
a. The needs of the poor are central in sustainable development
b. The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
b. Weak Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
c. Strong Notion of Sustainable Development
137
Problems concerning the amount and complexity of information provided
1. Disclosure of the Information to the subject
2. Understanding of Information
3. Voluntariness of the Decision
4. Formal Consent
1. Disclosure of the Information to the subject
138
Taking care of your patient for filing to take re, certain legal consequences can be severe
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
139
given in report of World Commission on Environment and Development
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
d. sustainable development
140
Spontaneously obtained status or commitments
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
141
Human Dignity and Human Rights is which UNESCO article?
a. article 2
b. article 3
c. article 4
d. article 5
e. article 6
f. article 7
b. article 3
142
Louise Brown
a. artificial ventilators
b. haemodialysis
c. human genetics
d. human reproduction
e. organ transplant
d. human reproduction
143
One’s capability to self determination
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
a. autonomy
144
opposition to paternalism, which has been essential for a traditional type of health care provider-patient relationship.
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
a. autonomy
145
Not only medical aspects but also values held by the prospective participant should be considered as well
1. Disclosure of the Information to the subject
2. Understanding of Information
3. Voluntariness of the Decision
4. Formal Consent
2. Understanding of Information
146
Article 11
1. Autonomy and individual responsibility
2. Benefit and harm
3. Consent
4. Equality, justice and equity
5. Human dignity and human rights
6. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
7. Persons without the capacity to consent
8. Protecting future generations
9. Protection of the environment, the biosphere and biodiversity
10. Respect for cultural diversity and pluralism
11. Privacy and confidentiality
12. Respect for human vulnerability and personal integrity
13. Sharing of benefits
14. Social responsibility and health
15. Solidarity and cooperation
9. Non-discrimination and non-stigmatization
147
Consent given by a person who has clear appreciation & understanding of the facts, implications and future consequences of an action
a. Explicit Consentb
b. Implicit Consent
c. Implied Consent
d. Informed Consent
e. Opt-Out Consent
f. Substituted Consent
g. Unanimous Consent/General Consent
d. Informed Consent
148
Compassion/Respect
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
149
The status of morally deserving praise, blame, reward or punishment for an act or omission performed or neglected in accordance with one’s moral obligations
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
b. responsibility
150
A limit to the person’s autonomy of patients is set by the moral principles under which articles?
Art 9. Privacy and confidentiality
| Art 15. Sharing of benefits
151
The only constraint on sustainable development is the state of technology and society organization in society
a. autonomy
b. responsibility
c. autonomy and responsibility
d. sustainable development
d. sustainable development
152
Modified Nuremberg Code
a. Declaration of Geneva
b. Declaration of Helsinki
c. Hippocratic Oath
d. Nuremberg Code
e. The Belmont Report
f. The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research
g. World Medical Association Declaration of Tokyo
b. Declaration of Helsinki
