Prenatal developmental concern

Question 1

determinants of intra-uterine growth and birthweight (15)

Answer 1

infant sex
ethnicity/race
maternal height
pregnancy weight
alcohol consumption
pregnancy height and weight
maternal birth weight
parity (number of pregnancies)
gestational weight gain
prior low birth weight infant
caloric intake
cigarette smoking
tobacco chewing
maternal age
socioeconomic status

Question 2

full term infants in 10th percentile

Answer 2

2.5x risk of mortality

Question 3

what is classified as low birth weight

Answer 3

<2500 g, 5lbs 8oz

Question 4

low birth weight 2 distinct groups

Answer 4

pre-term
small-for-date

Question 5

how can low birthweight can impact growth

Answer 5

smaller status
possible deficiencies in nm coordination and power

Question 6

most common reason for miscarriage

Answer 6

faulty or incompatible gametes
chromosomal abnormalities

Question 7

how many pregnancies lost before 20 weeks

Answer 7

10-25%

Question 8

other causes for miscarriage

Answer 8

maternal age
illness
lifestyle
trauma

Question 9

factors that do not cause miscarriages

Answer 9

sex, working outside home, moderate exercise

Question 10

congenital malformation

Answer 10

abnormal condition present at birth

Question 11

causal factors for congenital malformations

Answer 11

can be both genetic and environmental

Question 12

which period is most critical for genetic malformations

Answer 12

embryo

Question 13

how do abnormalities arise

Answer 13

alterations to the sequence of development of tissues, organs, systems

Question 14

causal agents for malformations can include

Answer 14

trauma, chemicals, therapeutic drugs
radiation, infections, hypoxia
maternal metabolic imbalances
maternal substance use

Question 15

prenatal nutrition is related to

Answer 15

placental
fetal
maternal factors

Question 16

placental factors - nutrition

Answer 16

circulation and the transport of nutrients form placenta to fetus

Question 17

fetal factors - nutrition

Answer 17

utilization of available nutrients

Question 18

maternal factors- nutrition

Answer 18

overall nutritional status of the mother
adequacy of energy and nutrient intake and weight gain during pregnancy

Question 19

teratogens

Answer 19

an environmental agent that causes harm to the embryo or fetus

Question 20

amount of harm is a function of

Answer 20

babys genetic makeup
amount of exposure
time/duration of exposure

Question 21

maternal smoking causes

Answer 21

hypoxia
affects weight and height development

Question 22

alcohol consumption is associated with

Answer 22

fetal growth restrictions (dec weight)
abnormal facial development
impairment of the cns

Question 23

fetal alcohol syndrome occurs in

Answer 23

1 in every 700 births

Question 24

about 1/3 of children born to alcoholic mothers have

Answer 24

FAS

Question 25

ARND

Answer 25

alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorders

Question 26

exercise stresses

Answer 26

cv system and msk

Question 27

moderate physical activity

Answer 27

no negative effects on fetal development benefits for mother

Question 28

when is exercise contraindicated

Answer 28

high risk pregnancies

Question 29

FOAD

Answer 29

fetal origins of adult diseases

Question 30

chromosome disorders

Answer 30

down syndrome

Question 31

gene-based disorders

Answer 31

Phenylketonuria cystic fibrosis sickle-cell desease

Question 32

PKU

Answer 32

intellectual disability, seizures, behavioural problems, mental disorders, musty odor timely diagnosis and early treatment key to eliminating developmental issues

Question 33

CF

Answer 33

respiratory dysf, inc. risk of infection, no cure

Question 34

sickle-cell

Answer 34

2 defective genes for Hb cause the disease, 1 causes the trait

Question 35

reflexes dominate movement during

Answer 35

later half of pregnancy and first 4 months of infancy

Question 36

reflexes can provide

Answer 36

important diagnostic information for infant health and neuro maturation

Question 37

primitive reflexes are critical to

Answer 37

ensuring nourishment and protection

Question 38

postural reflexes are considered

Answer 38

the basis for more complex voluntary movement of later infancy

Question 39

infant reflexes

Answer 39

disappear by the end of first year

Question 40

primitive reflexes

Answer 40

dominate first 6 months ensure survival, protection, nutrtion produced subcortically appear during gestation and at birth to 6 months

Question 41

primitive reflexes ex.

Answer 41

Question 42

postural reflexes ex.

Answer 42

Question 43

postural reflexes are produced

Answer 43

cortically

Question 44

some postural reflexes are considered precursors to

Answer 44

complex movements

Question 45

most commonly used reflex used to determine neurological maturation

Answer 45

the moro reflex asymmetrical tonic neck reflex

Question 46

reflexes to monitor motor function

Answer 46

milani comparetti neuromotor development primitive reflex profile

Question 47

stereotypies

Answer 47

rhythmic, patterned, centrally controlled movement behaviour of infancy apparently not learned through imitation or a consequence of external stimuli