Present Subjunctive

Question 1

Regular conjugation of present subjunctive for -AR verbs

Answer 1

• e
• es
• e
• emos
• éis
• en

Question 2

Regular conjugation of present subjunctive for -ER/IR verbs

Answer 2

• a
• as
• a
• amos
• áis
• an

Question 3

-AR and -ER present tense indicative stem changing verbs in present subjunctive…

Answer 3

have the same pattern
eg. pensar - piense, pienses, piense, pensemos, penséis, piensen
volver - vuelva, vuelvas, vuelva, volvamos, volváis, vuelvan

Question 4

verbs ending -CAR

Answer 4

C > QU before ‘e’

eg. buscar - busque, busques, busque, busquemos, busquéis, busquen

Question 5

-IR present tense indicative stem changing verbs that change O > UE change…

Answer 5

O>UE in boot form, and O > U in nosotros and vosotros forms

eg. dormir - duerma, duermas, duerma, durmamos, durmáis, duerman

Question 6

-IR present tense indicative stem changing verbs that change E > IE change…

Answer 6

E>IE in boot form, and E>I in nosotros and vosotros forms

eg. sentir - sienta, sientas, sienta, sintamos, sintáis, sientan

Question 7

-IR present tense indicative stem changing verbs that change E>I change

Answer 7

E>I in all persons

eg. pedir - pida, pidas, pida, pidamos, pidáis, pidan

Question 8

verbs ending -ZAR

Answer 8

Z > C before ‘e’

eg. empezar - empiece, empieces, empiece, empecemos, empecéis, empiecen

Question 9

verbs ending -GIR/GER

Answer 9

G > J before ‘a’

eg. escoger - escoja, escojas, escoja, escojamos, escojáis, escojan

Question 10

verbs ending -GUIR

Answer 10

GU > G before ‘a’

eg. seguir - siga, sigas, siga, sigamos, sigáis, sigan

Question 11

verbs ending -UIR

Answer 11

add Y before ‘a’

eg. Huir - huya, huyas, huya, huyamos, huyáis, huyan

Question 12

TENER

Answer 12

tenga, tengas, tenga, tengamos, tengáis, tengan

Question 13

HACER

Answer 13

haga, hagas, haga, hagamos, hagáis, hagan

Question 14

SALIR

Answer 14

salga, salgas, salga, salgamos, salgáis, salgan

Question 15

DAR

Answer 15

dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den

Question 16

ESTAR

Answer 16

esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén

Question 17

HABER

Answer 17

haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan

Question 18

IR

Answer 18

vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan

Question 19

SABER

Answer 19

sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan

Question 20

SER

Answer 20

sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean

Question 21

To express wishes/hopes/desires using querer/esperar

Answer 21

QUERER/ESPERAR
+infinitive = i want myself to do something. the hoping and the action are done by the same subject
eg. queiro ir al cine.
+ QUE + subjunctive = i want you to do something. the hoping and the action are done by different subjects
eg. espero que tengas un buen día

Question 22

to express wishes/hopes/desires

Answer 22

• Ojalá + subjunctive
  eg. ojalá llegues a tiempo
• Que + subjunctive
  eg. que lo pases muy bien

Question 23

When to use subjunctive to express probability

Answer 23

• if the action is close to present and is probable, use indicative
• if the action is less than probable, use subjunctive

Question 24

Phrases to express probability using the subjunctive

Answer 24

• Quizá/s, tal vez, probablament, posiblemente, seguramente - can use indicative or subjunctive. only use subjunctive if referring to the FUTURE
• Puede, es posible, es probable + QUE + subjunctive

Question 25

Use of subjunctive with verbs of influence and sentiment

Answer 25

if verb 1 and verb 2 have the same agent, verb 2 is infinitive eg. Quiero estudiar alemán if verb 1 and verb 2 have different agents, verb 2 is subjunctive and constructed using QUE eg. quiero que él estudie alemán

Question 26

Use of subjunctive with verbs of understanding/the mind

Answer 26

if verb 1 is affirmative, verb 2 is indicative eg. creo que se llama Clara if verb 1 is negative, verb 2 is subjunctive eg. no creo que se llame Ana

Question 27

Use of subjunctive to establish a final cause that motivates the first verb

Answer 27

using PARA if verb 1 and verb 2 have the same agent, verb 2 is infinitive eg. tengo dienro para viajar a Cuba if verb 1 and verb 2 have different agents, verb 2 is subjunctive eg. tengo dinero para que viajes a Cuba

Question 28

Useful phrases for verbs expressing probability, use subjunctive only for future actions that are less than probable.

Answer 28

``` Quizá/s Tal vez probablamente posiblemente seguramente despues (de) que en cuanto hasta que mientras que tan pronto como ```

Question 29

Useful phrases for verbs of influence and sentiment - use like GUSTAR

Answer 29

me/te/le/nos/os/les + gusta, alegra, molesta, disgusta, importa, fascina, encanta, interesa + QUE + subjunctive