presentation And Display Of Quantitative Data: Graphs and Tables Flashcards
what are graphs used to do?
illustrate the findings of the studies and make it easy to read
What should grass be?
simple and clear and appropriate for the data have
What does graphs always include?
An appropriate title
What do bar charts show?
data in the form of categories (discrete data) that the researcher wishes to compare (e.g. males, females).
what must the bars be on a bar chart?
The bars must be the same width and separated by a space because the data is discrete.
what should the X and Y axis be labelled with?
• The x-axis should be labelled with categories; the y-axis should be labelled with “Frequency” or “Number of…”
What do histograms show?
data where both variables follow a numbered scale (continuous data) (e.g. time, height, test score).
what must the bars be on a histogram?
-can be the same width, but they can vary
-there must be no space between the bars because data the is continuous
what should the X and Y axis be labelled with on a histogram?
The x-axis should be labelled with numbers (or numerical groups); the y-axis on a simple histogram should be labelled with “Frequency” or “Number of…”
what do scattergrams display?
Display findings of correlational studies.
What should the X and Y axis be labelled with in scattergrams?
The x-axis and y-axis should be labelled with the co-variables.
How is a scattergram plotted?
A dot/cross is plotted to indicate the value of each co-variable. A line-of-best-fit can be drawn, but is not necessary.
What are tables used to do?
Summarise raw data and typically include a measure of central tendency and measure of dispersion
what should the data be in tables?
should be clearly labelled and easy to read
what is raw data
Data obtained directly from the study before any statistics have been calculated
