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1
Q

______ is localized & ________ is world wide disease spread

A

Epidemic & Pandemic

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2
Q

Influenza is commonly known as _____

It is of _____ origin and identified in year ______

A

The flu / the Spanish flu (because Spanish reporters covered it first)
Avian & 1918

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3
Q

Single stranded, RNA, Icosahedral is of

A

Influenza and covid except covid is helical

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4
Q

Symptoms of influenza

A

Sore throat
Fever
Headache

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5
Q

Patient zero of influenza was

A

Albert Gitchell

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6
Q

Most vulnerable people to influenza was what age.

Other symptoms include

A

Young adults in their 20s

Bleeding from ear nose and eyes
Also people turned blue due to lack of oxygen

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7
Q

Similarities between covid and influenza

A

Lockdowns
Masks

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8
Q

President of USA during influenza was

A

Woodrow Wilson
If he had addressed it, the virus might not have spread as much

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9
Q

Mortality rates of Influenza

Mortality rate in India

A

Infected 500 million
Killed 52 million
Ie 2.5% of world population

India was most affected with 16.7 million dead

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10
Q

Fake treatments of influenza were

A

Enema
Whiskey treatment
Blood letting

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11
Q

Who discovered a new strain of influenza and in what year

A

Richard Shope
1933

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12
Q

What organization was the forerunner of WHO

A

International bureau for fighting pandemics in Vienna

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13
Q

_________ consists of friends, family, and others in a person’s social context that may influence an individual’s response to symptoms or perceived health threats.

A

A lay referral

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14
Q

________ is a term used in medical sociology regarding sickness and the rights and obligations of the affected. The general idea is that the individual who has fallen ill is not only physically sick, but now adheres to the specifically patterned social role of being sick

A

The sick role

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15
Q

The sick role theory was developed by ______ in __________

A

Talcott Parsons
1951

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16
Q

What fish eaten raw can contain cholera

A

Shell fish

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17
Q

Cholera is a?

A

Bacterium

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18
Q

What bacterium is responsible for cholera

A

Vibrio cholerae

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19
Q

Symptoms of cholera

A

Severe diarrhea
Vomiting
Leg cramps
Dehydration
Septic shock
Labored breathing
Seizures and coma due to electrolyte imbalance
Death within minutes if untreated

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20
Q

First modern account of cholera was by ______ in what year at ______ place.
Locals called it ______

A

Gaspar Correa
1543
Ganges Delta ( Bangladesh & India)
moryxy

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21
Q

Cholera became a disease of global importance in _____ with a outbreak in ___

A

1817

Jessore India

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22
Q

How many pandemics of Cholera has there been? And the deadliest is the_____ and took place in years

A

7
3rd
1852-1858

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23
Q

Man who traced cholera Cholera?
When
And how?

A

John Snow
1854
Traced the cholera to water pumps in Broad street

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24
Q

Historical beliefs of what caused cholera is

A

Miasma: Contaminated air; contaminated vapors from diseases clouds

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25
Initial treatments of cholera
Mercury chloride (calomel) Spices Camphor Warm baths Cauterization Acidic drinks & rice gruel(oral rehydration) Blood letting Leeches Magnesia Sulphuric
26
Who found the cure for cholera? Where and what was it?
Sir Leonard Rogers India Intravenous rehydration solution
27
Modern father of Epidemiology
John Snow
28
Who discovered Vibrio Cholerae
Robert Koch 1883
29
First bacterium to be identified as causing disease in humans?
Mycobacterium leprae: Leprosy
30
Leprosy aka
Hansen’s disease
31
Leprosy causative agent was discovered by and in what year
G.H.A. Hansen in 1873
32
Animal that hosts leprosy pathogen
Armadillo
33
Leprosy originated in
Eastern Africa
34
Earliest possible account of leprosy and when
Egyptian papyrus document 1550 BC
35
Leprosy: _______ infectivity, _______ pathogenicity _____% of the population are naturally immune
High Low 95%
36
Men are ______ more likely to contract leprosy as women
Twice
37
Average disease incubation of leprosy
5 years
38
Leprosy when left untreated leads to
Visible impairments of hands feet eyes & face
39
First cure of leprosy? By? In what year?
Injectable solution from chaulmoogra oil Alice Augusta Ball Early 20th century
40
Multi drug therapy of leprosy includes
Dapsone Rifapicine Clofazimine & surgery after all the antibiotics
41
6 special health needs of seniors
Arthritis Heart disease Cancer Alzheimer’s Osteoporosis Diabetes
42
Zoonotic diseases include
Ebola Avian influenza Rabies Yellow fever Swine flu Lassa fever Nile west disease Trypanosomiasis Malaria Covid 19 Mad cow disease Kuru Marburg Plague Lyme disease Brucellosis
43
EVD was discovered when and where
Ebola virus disease 1976 DRC
44
Moist affected Ebola countries
Guinea Sierra Leone Liberia Sudan
45
When was avian influenza detected and where
In geese:1996 In humans: 1997 China
46
Who related avian flu to human flu
Dr. Rob Webster
47
Symptoms of avian flu
Aching muscles, Cough, Fever, Sore throat, Eye irritation, Viral pneumonia and Extreme difficulty breathing
48
Rabies originated from which word and is caused by?
Lyssa fever Rabere meaning to rage
49
Rabies dates back to and symptoms are
2000BC Fever, Pain , Unusual tingling or burning sensation at the wound site. As the virus progresses to the CNS, fatal inflammation of the brain and spinal cord develops which could lead to hallucinations, aggressive behavior, muscle spasm, delirium, nausea
50
Who developed the rabies vaccine and in what year
Louis Pasteur 1885
51
Yellow fever is transmitted by and originated in
Aedes aegypti mosquito Africa
52
Who confirmed the transmission of yellow fever by mosquito
Major Walter Reed
53
Yellow fever aka
Disease of black vomit due to blood in vomit
54
First epidemic of yellow fever was reported in
1648 in Yucatán Mexico
55
Swine flu which is respiratory was first recognized when
1918 during the Spanish influenza
56
Lassa fever started in what state in what year
Borno 1968
57
Treatment for Lassa fever
Ribavirin
58
Trypanosomiasis symptoms were first documented in? Agent? Vector?
1742 Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense Tsetse fly
59
Malaria has infested every continent except
Antarctica
60
Mad cow disease aka
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
61
Plague aka
Black Death
62
Lyme disease
Tick borne Bacterium Borrelia Burgdorferi
63
Black Death Originated in? Started in year? Caused by? Major treatment measures?
Far east 1347 Yersinia pestis Blood letting & boil lancing, treacle, dinner parties, sweating
64
Black Death clinical forms?
Bubonic plague Pneumonic plague Septicemic (deadliest form)
65
What word was coined during the Black Death
Quarantine
66
The term Medicalization first appears in year?
1970
67
Herbal drugs🙋
Poppy plant - a pain reliever •Dongoyaro plant - malaria treatment •Foxglove plant - for heart conditions •Sandpaper leaf - for hypertension management •Moringa plant •Aloe vera plant for antiinflammation
68
Father of epidemiology
John Snow
69
Who established germ theory and cellular biology
Robert Koch
70
Cretinism is also referred to as?
Congenital hypothyroidism Infantile myxedema Occurs with or without goitre
71
Types of cretinism
Sporadic: The nvironmental and gene and drug causes Endemic: deficit of iodine
72
First medics to cure cretinism
Chinese medics from Tang Dynasty using pills made from thyroid gland
73
Who associated cretinism to iodine deficiency
Adolphe Chetan 1852
74
Types of cretinism
1. CHNG congenital hypothyroidism non-goitrous Due to gene mutation 2. Endemic Due to maternal hypothyroidism
75
First mental hospital was founded by & is now known as?
Father Juan Gilberto jorfe UTH of University of Valencia
76
Father of moral treatment
Pinel
77
Who introduced lithium drug to cure mental illness
Dr John Cade

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