Presentations

Question 1

what 2 viruses are often the cause of encephalitis

Answer 1

west nile

herpes

Question 2

dx for encephalitis

Answer 2

spinal tap

MRI

Question 3

drugs to tx encephalitis

Answer 3

steroids
antivirals or antibiotics
(zovirax or acyclovir - virals)

Question 4

inflammation of dura mater, pia mater or arachnoid

Answer 4

meningitis

Question 5

what can cause meningitis

Answer 5

virus or bacteria (any)

Question 6

what vaccine can help prevent meningitis

Answer 6

flu

Question 7

sx of menengitis

Answer 7

stiff neck
horrible unusual HA
photosensitivity
quick onset fever

Question 8

what 2 signs/tests can test for meningitis

Answer 8

Kernigs

Brudzinkski

Question 9

what is Kernigs sign

Answer 9

for meningitis - do a 90/90 SLR and see if sx increase

Question 10

what is Brudzinksi test

Answer 10

flex neck and see if LE flex up

Question 11

what is a sign/sx of meningitis in babys

Answer 11

bulging fontanel
sluggish
won’t eat
crying alot

Question 12

how to dx meningitis

Answer 12

lumbar puncture

Question 13

what population has higher mortality rate with meningitis

Answer 13

children

Question 14

what is the posture/balance test used with concussion tx

Answer 14

BESS

Question 15

what causes encephalopathy with concussions

Answer 15

tau protein build up in frontal lobes

Question 16

4 stages of encephalopathy with concussions

Answer 16

1. build up of proteins
2. rage depression
3. memory loss
4. severe dementia

Question 17

Do mouth guards, helmets, or head gear prevent concussions

Answer 17

no

Question 18

does a SCI effect ones ability to bear/deliver children

Answer 18

no

Question 19

what is spacticity

Answer 19

velocity dependent increase in tone

Question 20

what test is used ONLY for spacticity

Answer 20

modified ashworth

Question 21

meds used to tx spacticity

Answer 21

baclofen
diazepam
botox

Question 22

what do you have to be mindful of with muscle relaxants

Answer 22

they decrease tone in ALL muscles, not just the ones with spactisity = can lose overall function

Question 23

gait abnormalities with spacticity

Answer 23

hip adduction (scissoring)
ankle PF and inv
excessive knee flexion during strike

Question 24

what does cold/hot do to spacticity

Answer 24

cold helps calm it down, hot can increase

Question 25

what did the study in the spacticity presentation say about how to tx

Answer 25

FES and PT were better than PT alone for foot drop

Question 26

what is a surgical option for spacticity

Answer 26

muscle lengthening

Question 27

what causes seizures in newborns

Answer 27

brain malformity O2 deficit mom drug use

Question 28

what causes seizures in children

Answer 28

fever tumor infection

Question 29

what causes seizures in adults

Answer 29

medical conditions effecting brain

Question 30

what causes seizures in seniors

Answer 30

stroke | alzheimers

Question 31

what is general epilepsy

Answer 31

effects both sides of the brain

Question 32

what is focal epilepsy

Answer 32

effects only 1 side of brain

Question 33

all seizures have __, __, __

Answer 33

beginning, middle, end

Question 34

what are the parts of the beginning stage of a seizure

Answer 34

prodrome- this is pre seizure aura - first component of a seizure physical changes sensory and awareness changes

Question 35

what is prodrome -

Answer 35

not really part of the seizure | sensation or behavior changes that occur days to hours prior to

Question 36

what is aura

Answer 36

the actual first part of a seizure where the person has an indescribable feeling

Question 37

mid part of a seizure is aka

Answer 37

ictal

Question 38

part of the seizure where person cannot talk, they cannot swallow, they may have breathing difficulty, when the actual shaking occurs

Answer 38

middle - ictal

Question 39

post ictal phase of a seizure

Answer 39

may take hours to complete person may be confused and groggy (end stage)

Question 40

populations epilepsy is most common in

Answer 40

children and elderly

Question 41

most incidents of epilepsy are

Answer 41

ideopathic

Question 42

type of epilepsy where there is a cause

Answer 42

symptomatic

Question 43

gold standard for monitoring/dx epilepsy or seizure

Answer 43

EEG

Question 44

what are 2 common meds that can cause seizures

Answer 44

antibiotics | antihistimines

Question 45

what type of diet can be good for epileptics

Answer 45

low carb high fat ketogenic

Question 46

3 implants used in epileptics

Answer 46

deep brain stimulator vagus nerve stimulator responsive stimulator -detects impulses and stops

Question 47

effect of exercise with seizures

Answer 47

can decrease number of and can calm down activity in brain but don't over do and don't over heat bc this can trigger stress = seizure

Question 48

with epileptics, avoid aerobic ex that is how long

Answer 48

over an hour = can increase risk

Question 49

call 911 if an epileptic has a seizure for over __

Answer 49

5 min | or if they have consecutives with no rest

Question 50

frontal lobe functions

Answer 50

reasoning behavior judgement

Question 51

pariatal lobe functions

Answer 51

write, read, sense

Question 52

temporal lobe functions

Answer 52

language and hearing memory emotion

Question 53

brain stem functions

Answer 53

breath | HR

Question 54

what is fukuda step test

Answer 54

used to determine vestibular disorder | march in place and close eyes, if angle of 30 or more than they may have a vest issue on side they drift towards

Question 55

most common type of vertigo

Answer 55

bppv