Presentations Pt. 3

Question 1

How is viviparity an advantageous option for reproductive success in elasmobranch fishes?
A. because eggs can be disguised as rocks in the sand.
B. because internal fertilization and the evolution of the placenta increases the chances of survival.
C. only elasmobranchs are viviparous making pups rate of survival greater.
D. Eggs are smaller and easier to give birth to.
E. Maternal shark does not have to supply additional nutrition.

Answer 1

• B

Question 2

Placentotrophy forms when the _______ interlocks with the ________ to form the yolk sac placenta.
A. Egg stalk; yolk sac
B. Yolk sac; uterine epithelium
C. Egg envelope; uterine epithelium
D. Placenta; yolk sac
E. Appendiculae; yolk sac

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Matrotrophy is defined by the increase in weight and size of the embryo through additional maternal nourishment. T/F Explain.

Answer 3

F - female sharks sustain significant sizes and weights

Question 4

How does an impaired olfactory sense affect fish behavior?

Answer 4

• reduced function of odorant causes a dulled signal detection/reception (predator, prey, reproduction)

Question 5

How are clownfish directly affected by ocean acidification?

Answer 5

• impaired auditory responses

Question 6

Coral reef fish find suitable habitats by listening to the chirps and clicks of surrounding fish and crustaceans on the reef. T/F Explain.

Answer 6

T? - hearing is used in locating suitable habitats, attracting mates, maintaining territories

Question 7

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) found in pufferfishes enters their system primarily through direct consumption from their diet. T/F Explain.

Answer 7

T - believed to enter through bacterial species known to produce it

Question 8

What feature of pufferfish is essential for their specialized feeding behavior?
A. Their streamlined body shape, enabling quick escapes from predators
B. The lack of scales, allowing for increased flexibility in movement
C. The ability to inflate into a spherical shape as a defense mechanism
D. The distinctive beak-like jaw structure with continuously growing teeth
E. The presence of protective spines along their body, enhancing defense strategies

Answer 8

D

Question 9

How does the use of the medial-paired-fin (MPF) swimming method and caudal fin shape affect the swimming ability of pufferfishes?

Answer 9

• independent oscillation of dorsal, anal and pectoral fins allows for increased maneuverability
• caudal fin for steering and burst swimming