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AP Gov > Presidency and Bureaucracy > Flashcards

Presidency and Bureaucracy Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

What are the fundamental differences between the prime minister and the president?

A
  • presidents may be outsiders, prime ministers are always insiders.
  • presidents have no guaranteed majority, prime ministers always do.
  • presidential system is usually a divided gov’t parliamentary system doesn’t.
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2
Q

What were four fears expressed by the Founders about the aspects of the presidency?

A
  • that the President would use the militia to overpower states
  • he would become a “tool” of the Senate b/c of the powers he has to share with them
  • how he would be reelected
  • too weak=anarchy too strong=monarchy
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3
Q

What happens when no candidate receives a majority of votes in the electoral college

A

The House decides the election. The choose the President from among the three leading candidates and each state gets one vote

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4
Q

How many times has the House of Representatives had to decide the majority Electrical College votes

A

Twice. 1800 and 1824

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5
Q

How did the Framers solved the problem of how to elect the president?

A

Some wanted him to be elected by the people, others wanted him to be elected by members of Congress (like Parliament). The Electoral College was the compromise

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6
Q

Discuss the terms that a president can serve. How many years for each term? How many terms? What is the maximum numbers of years?

A

Two terms was tradition until the 22nd Amendment (1951) making it a formal rule. Each term is 4 years. FDR was the only president that served from 1933-1945 (11 years)

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7
Q

12 amendment

A

election of president and VP

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8
Q

22nd amendment

A

limits presidency to 2 terms

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9
Q

25th amendement

A

succession of presidency

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10
Q

What years did presidential candidates win a majority of the electoral votes without winning a majority of the popular vote? Who were the presidents?

A
  • 2016- Trump
  • 2000- Bush
  • 1888- Harrison
  • 1876-Hayes
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11
Q

What role does the House of Representatives have in selecting the president if a majority of electoral votes doesn’t happen?

A

he House decides the election. The choose the President from among the three leading candidates and each state gets one vote

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12
Q

Name the president prior to 1850 that had a presidency called the imperial presidency

A

Andrew Jackson

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13
Q

What powers does the president share with the Senate

A

Make treaties and appoint ambassadors, judges and high officials

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14
Q

Identify the rule of propinquity

A

Those closest to the President have the greatest influence

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15
Q

Those closest to the President have the greatest influence

A

White House Office

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16
Q

What presidential nominations require Senate confirmation?

A

ambassadors, judges and high officials

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17
Q

What are the three types of presidential organization?

A

Pyramid, Circular and Ad Hoc

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18
Q

Pyramid

A

clear hierarchy, both bushes used

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19
Q

Circular

A

several assistants and cabinet secretaries report to president-Carter

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20
Q

Ad Hoc

A

ubordinates, cabinet officers and committees report directly to president-Kennedy and used for first term by Clinton

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21
Q

Name three groups associated with the Executive Office of the President (EOP).

A
  • Office of Management and Budget
  • Office of Personnel Management (the ones in charge of the written tests)
  • Director of National Intelliegence
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22
Q

How does cabinet seniority relate to seating at cabinet meetings?

A

etermined by the age of the department that one heads. Secretary of State sits on one side of the President and the Secretary of Treasury sits on the other.

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23
Q

Character of Nixon

A

uspicious and nervous of others. Watergate scandal, good at foreign diplomacy

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24
Q

Character of Clinton

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A

moderate Democrat, successful until the impeachment scandal with Lewinsky

25
Character of Jimmy Carter
utsider” peanut farmer from Georgia, nice guy but not a great President
26
Character of John F Kennedy
Hollywood image, not the best husband but lead us through Cuban Missile Crisis and started work on Civil Rights
27
Character of Lyndon Johnson
vietnam war took over his presidency. Great Society somewhat a success.
28
What’s the difference between executive privilege and veto power?
- Executive Privilege is withholding information b/c it pertains to national security. - Veto is denying a bill from becoming a law.
29
Pocket Veto
Does not sign in 10 days and Congress has adjuourned
30
What happens to a bill that sits on the president’s desk for 10 days and he takes no action
becomes a law
31
Approximately what percentage of vetoes are overridden
very hard to do, only 7%
32
Discuss U.S. v. Nixon
No unqualified privilege of Presidential immunity
33
What have been the two key issues facing presidents in the past few decades
Economy and foreign affairs
34
How does the impeachment process work?
House bring the charges. Senate tries
35
How have presidents been successful in directing decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court?
they are able to appoint the members of the S.C. and can sway decisions that way
36
Explain why cabinet members don’t really have a big influence of presidential decision-making.
Constitution does not mention them. We have this idea that the Cabinet meets often to help the President make decisions but this is more fiction than fact.
37
What is an executive agreement?
an international agreement, usually regarding routine administrative matters not warranting a formal treaty, made by the executive branch of the US government without ratification by the Senate.
38
Why would the president have difficulty controlling cabinet agencies
Because each agency is made up of thousands of employees and while he can appoint the head of each agency, there is no way he can control the entire agency.
39
What was the most important and powerful department when our nation was first founded
treasury
40
How did appointments to the civil service happen during most of the 19th and 20th centuries?
patronage/spoils system
41
Explain the huge increase in the number of federal employees between 1816 and 1861
natural growth of our country demanded more federal employees
42
What is the Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989 designed to protect
bureaucrats who wanted to report fraud or abuse without fear of losing their job.
43
Administrative Procedure Act-
before adopting a new rule or policy, agency must give notice, solicit comments and often hold hearings
44
Freedom of Information Act
citizens have the right to inspect all government records except those containing military, intelligence or trade secrets or revealing private personnel actions
45
National Environmental Policy Act
before undertaking any major action affecting the environment, and agency must issue an environmental impact statement
46
Privacy Act-
government files about individuals, such as Social Security and tax records, must be kept confidential
47
Open Meeting Law
every part of every agency meeting must be open to the public unless certain matters such as military or trade secrets are being discussed
48
What group is the most powerful group in Congress in terms of controlling the budget for an agency?
Appropriations Committee
49
What is a legislative veto
Congress can block a presidential action after it has taken place. SC declared this unconstitutional
50
Red Tape
takes forever to get something done
51
Conflict
agencies working at cross purposes
52
Dubplications
two or more agencies are doing the same thing
53
Imperialism
agencies tend to grow irrespective of their costs or benefits
54
Waste
spending more than necessary for a product or service
55
Iron Triangle
The relationship between interest groups, congressional committees and agencies (bureaucracy) that benefits each party and tries to obtain a common goal
56
What is the main responsibility of the OMB?
produce that budget that the President presents to Congress
57
Differentiate between independent regulatory agencies and regulatory commission
Regulatory agencies are removed from presidential oversight. They have rulemaking authority and can fine violations
58
How do cabinet departments differ from independent regulatory agencies?
Cabinet departments heads are chosen by the President and confirmed by the Senate unlike regulatory agencies. Regulatory agencies have rulemaking authority and can fine violations

AP Gov (3 decks)

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