Preventative Care; Vaccines Flashcards
(21 cards)
Core vaccines in Dogs
- canine distemper (CDV)
- canine hepatitis (CAV-1; adenovirus CAV-2)
- canine parvovirus (CPV)
- canine para influenza (CPiV)
- canine rabies
- Leptospira*
- canine influenza (CIV)*
Core vaccines in cats
- panleukopenia virus (FCV)
- herpesvirus 1 (FHV1)
- calicivirus (FCV)
- leukemia virus (FeLV)
- rabies
- infectious peritonitis*
non-core vaccines in dogs
- Bordtella
- borrelia burgdorferi
- parainfluenza virus*
- leptospira ssp
- canine influenza virus (CIV)
non-core vaccines in cats
- Chlamydophila felis
- bordetella bronchiseptica
- leukemia virus (FeLV)
- infectious peritonitis (FIP)*
What are inactivated vaccines
killed vaccines
- highly stable preparations of whole-cell virus or bacteria incapable of replicating following administration
– 2 initial doses (2-4 weeks apart)
– less immunogenic and tend not to have an extended duration of immunity compared of attenuated vaccines utilizing the same organism
- adjuvants
- all canine rabies vaccines; all whole-celled bacterins, lyme and bordetella
MDA
the age at which puppies/kittens can effectively be immunized is proportional to the quantity of antibodies (ABs) the young received from the mother
Attenuated vaccines
Recombinant vaccines
Toxoid vaccines
Vaccine adverse events
What are the purpose of vaccines
trigger immune responses
- lesson the severity and can prevent infection
- USDA licenses
What is a core vaccine?
vital to all pets based on risk of exposure
severity of disease or transmissibility to humans
what is a non-core vaccine?
depending on pets exposure risk
What is an adjuvant
a variety of substances that maintain or depot the antigen as well as stimulate an inflammatory response (nonspecific stimulation of the immune system)
Antigen needs a what and why?
antigen and adjuvant are designed to stimulate a protective immune response
inactivated vaccines storage and vaccine type
- prepared and sold as a liquid
- multiple-dose vitals: ‘tank vitals”
- shaken frequently/ multiple needles (doses)
- considered the safest vaccine type; the immunizing agent is dead (it cannot revert to virulence/cause the disease)
inactivated vaccine administration
-systemic humoral immunity
-parenteral administration (SQ or IM)
- not be administered directly into mucosal surfaces (IN)
What is the dose range for inactivated vaccines
2 initial doses: 2-4 weeks, apart in the absence of MDA
-essential to produce an effective immune response, if more than 6 weeks elapse between these it is recommended that the series be repeated
1st dose: primes the immune system
2nd dose; 2-6 weeks later; protective immune response
full protection may not develop until 2-3 weeks after the last dose
High levels of maternal ABs will block the effectiveness of a vaccine
the ABs from the mother generally circulate in the newborns blood for several weeks
Window of susceptibility
time in which the maternal ABS are too low to provide protection against the disease, but too high to allow a vaccine to work
– this is the time when despite being vaccinated, a puppy or kitten can still contract disease
– this is why you have to vaccinate every 3(2)-4 weeks starting at 8 weeks all the way through 16 weeks
Why do we have to boost with inactivated vaccines?
