Preventative Med II Flashcards
(29 cards)
Leading of causes of death in black population
- Heart
- Cancer
- Stroke
Leading causes of death in males
- Heart disease
- Cancer
- Accidents
Leading causes of death in females
- Heart disease
- Cancer
- Chronic lower respiratory disease
Goals of preventative medicine
- Protect, promote, & maintain health/well-being
- Prevent disease, disability, & death
What is health?
- Physical well-being
- Mental well-being
- Social well-being
- Not just absences of disease
What impacts health?
- Biologic factors
- Lifestyle / behavior = *Largest impact on health
- Medical care
- Social/economic environment
Biologic factors
- Genetics/heredity
- Sex/gender
- Immunologic factors
- Use of services that prevent/tx disease
Lifestyle/behavior factors
- Balanced eating
- Nutrition
- Exercise
- Spiritual factors
- Stress management
- Smoking
- Alcohol
Medical care factors
- Access to health care
- Use of services that prevent & tx disease
Social/economic environment factors
- Education
- Income/social status
- Physical environment
- Social support networks
- Use of services
- Nutrition: Access to healthy, safe food
Social determinants of health
- Length of life
- QOL
- Rates of disease, disability, & death
- Severity of disease
- Access to tx
Health equity
- Everybody attains full health potential
Shifting of medicine
Moving towards health promotion & disease prevention
- Changes in reimbursement
- Pt centered medical homes
- Accountable care organizations
- Federally qualified health centers
What are the components of preventative medicine?
- Primary
- Secondary
- Tertiary
Primary prevention
Prevention of disease from occurring
- Vaccines
Secondary prevention
Screening services
- Identifying risk of disease early
Tertiary prevention
Illness maintenance/control
Wellness exam components
- Screening
- Immunizations
- Behavioral counseling
- Chemoprevention
- Individualized preventative care
Wellness exam - screening
- Cardiovascular disease
- Cancer
- STIs & blood borne infections
- Osteoporosis
- Vascular disease
Wellness exam - immunizations
- Td/Tdap
- Influenza
- Pneumonia
- Herpes zoster
- Other considerations: varicella, HPV, etc.
Wellness exam - behavioral counseling
Motivate lifestyle changes
- Smoking
- Diet
- Alcohol
- Physical activity
- High risk sexual behaviors
Readiness to change: Steps
- Pre-contemplation : not even thinking about changing
- Contemplation: thinking about changing
- Preparation: starting to take the steps towards change
- Action: quitting
- Maintenance
- Termination: unsuccessful (back to old ways)
Pediatric preventative care (Bright futures)
- Immunizations
- Screening
- Behavioral counseling
- Anticipatory guidance
- Developmental milestones
Pediatric preventative care - screening
- Newborn
- Sensory - vision/hearing
- Psychosocial/behavioral - depression
- Dyslipidemia
- Obesity
- STIs/HIV
- Oral health
- Safety
