Flashcards in Preventive Medicine II- Foundations Deck (24)
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1
Leading causes of death
1. Heart Disease
2. Cancer
3. Chronic lower respiratory dz's
4. Unintentional injuries
5. Stroke
6. Alzheimers dz
7. Diabetes
8. Influenza and pneumonia
9. Kidney dz
10. Suicide
2
Leading cause of death in infants (2014)
1. Congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities
2. Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight
3. Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy
3
Leading cause of death in 1-4 y.o.
1. Accidents (unintentional)
2. Congenital Malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities
3. Assault (homicide)
4
Leading cause of death in 5-14 y.o.
1. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
2. Cancer
3. Intentional self-harm (suicide)
5
Leading causes of death in adolescents, 15-19 y.o.
1. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
2. Suicide
3. Homicide
6
Leading causes of death, age 65+
1. Heart dz
2. Cancer
3. Chronic lower respiratory dz
7
Leading causes of death in American Indian or Alaska Native
1. Heart dz
2. Cancer
3. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
8
Leading causes of death in Asian or Pacific Islander
1. Cancer
2. Heart dz
3. Stroke
9
Leading causes of death in African American non- Hispanic
1. Heart dz
2. Cancer
3. Stroke
10
Leading causes of death in Hispanic or Latino
1. Cancer
2. Heart dz
3. Accidents
11
Leading causes of death in White
1. Heart dz
2. Cancer
3. Chronic lower respiratory dz's
12
Death rates highest in what population?
African Americans
13
Leading causes of death in men
1. Heart disease
2. Cancer
3. Accidents (unintentional injuries)
14
Leading causes of death in females
1. Heart disease
2. Cancer
3. Chronic lower respiratory dz
15
Goals of Preventive Medicine:
PPM + 3Prevents & 3D's
1. Protect health and well-being
2. Promote health and well-being
3. Maintain health and well-being
*Prevent: disease, disability, death
16
What is health?
-Physical, mental and social well-being
-NOT just absence of dz
17
What impacts health?
1. Lifestyle/behavior!
2. Biological factors
3. Medical care
4. Social/Economic environment
18
Biologic Factors
1. Genetics/heredity
-Likelihood of developing certain illnesses
2. Sex/gender
-Types of dz's and ages affected
3. Immunologic factors
4. Use of services that prevent and treat diseases
19
Differences in social determinants of health
-Length of life
-Quality of life
-Rates of dz, disability, and death
-Severity of dz
-Access to tx
20
Barriers
1. Financial burdens
-Cost sharing-->deductibles, co-insurance, copayments
2. Lack of access to quality HC
3. Unaware of or doubt benefits
4. Discomfort
5. May not want to change
6. Social or cultural factors
21
Overcoming Barriers
1. Prioritizing Prevention
2. Critically evaluate effectiveness of services
3. Learn how to do. motivational interviewing or behavioral counseling
4. Specific visits for preventive services
22
Wellness Exam-Immunizations
-Td/Tdap boosters
-Influenza
-Pneumonia
-Herpes zoster (shingles)
-Other considerations
-->meningococcal, Hep A/B, varicella (chicken pox), HPV, MMR
23
Wellness Exam- Behavioral Counseling
-Motivate lifestyle changes in the areas of:
-->smoking, diet, alcohol, physical activity, high risk sexual behavior
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