preventive ortho

Question 1

part of orthodontics which is concerned with the parents and patients education, supervision of the growth and development of the dentition and the craniofacial structure

Answer 1

Preventive orthodontics

Question 2

PROCEDURES UNDERTAKEN: (2)

Answer 2

PARENTS EDUCATION:
CARIES CONTROL:

Question 3

• Advised on use of physiologic nipples which permits suckling of the milk by movement of tongue and lower jaw
• Brushing techniques

Answer 3

PARENTS EDUCATION:

Question 4

• Proximal surfaces of the deciduous teeth if not restored leads to loss of arch length
• Bite wing radiographs are essential for diagnosis

Answer 4

CARIES CONTROL:

Question 5

CARE OF DECIDUOUS DENTITION
* Excellent ___________
* Prevent ___________
* __________ applications
* _______________

Answer 5

space maintainer
early loss of teeth
Topical fluoride
Pit and fissure sealant

Question 6

EXTRACTION OF ______________ TEETH
* Should be identified and extracted before they cause displacement of other teeth.
* ________ prevents maxillary incisors from erupting

Answer 6

SUPERNUMERARY
Mesiodens

Question 7

There should ______________ difference in shedding of deciduous teeth and eruption of permanent teeth in one quadrant as compared to other quadrant

Answer 7

not be more than 3 months

Question 8

FACTORS LEADING TO DELAY IN ERUPTION

• Presence of _____________ deciduous teeth or root.
• ___________ tooth
• ______
• _____________ in deciduous teeth
• ________ of gingiva
• ___________ primary teeth

Answer 8

over retained
Supernumerary
Cysts
Overhanging restorations
Fibrosis
Ankylosed

Question 9

• ___________ does not get resorbed and therefore either prevent the deciduous teeth from erupting or deflect them in abnormal locations
• Should be diagnosed and surgically removed at appropriate time.

Answer 9

Ankylosed teeth

Question 10

• ____________ prevents maxillary central incisors from approximating each other.

_________________:
* Prevents normal development due to lowered tongue position and abnormalities in speech and swallowing.

Answer 10

Thick maxillary labial frenum
ANKYLOGLOSSIA OR TONGUE TIE

Question 11

• can be defined as the provision of an appliance (active or passive) which is concerned only with the control of space loss.
• appliances used to maintain space or regain minor amounts of space lost, so as to guide the unerupted tooth into a proper position in the arch

Answer 11

SPACE MAINTAINERS

Question 12

_______________
* Space maintaining is the process of preserving a space in a given arch previously occupied by a tooth or a group of teeth

_________
* Space maintainers are fixed or removable appliance used to preserve the space created by the premature loss of a primary tooth or group of teeth

Answer 12

JC Brauer:
Boucher:

Question 13

CAUSES OF SPACE LOSS
1) ____________ of primary teeth
2) ____________________ lesions
3) Loss of permanent incisors ___________
4) _______________ teeth
5) _______________ of permanent teeth
6) Dental ____________

Answer 13

Premature loss
Unrestored proximal carious
due to trauma
Congenitally missing
Ectopic eruption
malformation

Question 14

Space maintainers which are fixed or fitted onto the teeth are called fixed space maintainers.

Answer 14

FIXED SPACE MAINTAINERS

Question 15

The fixed space maintainer generally are constituted of the following components: (4)

Answer 15

a) Band
b) Loop / arch wire
c) Solder joint
d) Auxiliaries

Question 16

• It is the process during which a portion of the metal being joined is melted & flowed together.
• Bands are generally joined by welding.

Answer 16

welding

Question 17

• It is the process by which the two metals are joined together by an intermediary metal of a lower fusion temperature.

Answer 17

soldering

Question 18

INDICATIONS

1. Premature loss of 2nd primary molar prior to eruption of 1st permanent molar.
2. If the tooth needs a crown restoration.

Answer 18

CROWN AND LOOP APPLIANCE

Question 19

CONTRAINDICATIONS:

1. Absence of abutment tooth.
2. Tooth to be used as an abutment is not ideal.

Answer 19

CROWN AND LOOP APPLIANCE

Question 20

INDICATIONS

1. Bilateral loss of a primary molar before the eruption of the permanent incisors.

2.When 2nd primary molar is lost after the eruption of the 1st permanent molar.

Answer 20

BAND AND LOOP APPLIANCE

Question 21

CONTRAINDICATIONS:

1. Absence of abutment tooth.
2. Abutment tooth not ideal

Answer 21

BAND AND LOOP APPLIANCE

Question 22

Crown and loop appliance is removed prior to eruption of the ____________________________

Answer 22

permanent second premolars

Question 23

• Used when second primary molar requires extraction and first permanent molar has not erupted.

Answer 23

DISTAL SHOE SPACE MAINTAINER

Question 24

INDICATIONS

Patients is not medically compromised

Primary 2nd molar is not restorable.

Answer 24

DISTAL SHOE SPACE MAINTAINER

Question 25

CONTRAINDICATIONS Inadequate abutments due to multiple loss of teeth. Poor oral hygiene. Lack of parent or/ and patient cooperation Medically compromised patient.

Answer 25

DISTAL SHOE SPACE MAINTAINER

Question 26

used to prevent the 1st molars from moving mesially and to maintain space to compensate for the deciduous teeth that may have prematurely erupted and are expecting permanents to erupt soon. * It’s a simple maxillary lingual arch but does not contact anterior teeth * It has an acrylic button in the mid palate.

Answer 26

NANCE APPLIANCE

Question 27

INDICATION * For maxillary only * Prematurely lost deciduous * First molars need to be prevented from coming forward (main purpose of the appliance) * Bilateral loss of the maxillary primary molars * Unilateral loss of more than one tooth in the maxillary arch * Used as anchors for moving other teeth, it is anchored to give stability to the molars and for it not to move mesially.

Answer 27

NANCE APPLIANCE

Question 28

CONTRAINDICATION * Allergies to resin * When the permanent 1st molars have not erupted because these are used for anchorage, they are the most preferred for anchorage * Posterior crossbite involving malposition of the maxillary first permanent molar

Answer 28

NANCE APPLIANCE

Question 29

* A space maintaining appliance is comprised of stainless steel rings (bands) around posterior teeth (usually molars) a stainless steel wire that passively contacts the lingual surfaces of the teeth. * Used to maintain the posterior space in the primary dentition. * The lingual arch is often suggested when teeth are lost in both quadrants of the same arch.

Answer 29

LOWER LINGUAL HOLDING ARCH

Question 30

PARTS OF LLHA

Answer 30

* Two bands – cemented to two lower molars. * U-Shaped bar – Stainless steels wire attached to the bands.  Passively contacts the lingual surfaces of lower teeth.

Question 31

INDICATIONS * Loss of second primary molar in the mandible Bilateral loss of primary teeth in the mandibular arch during transitional dentition * Maintenance of arch perimeter and incisor positions * Prevent lingual tipping of the incisors * Modification of lower lingual arch with omega loops * Activation of loops help flare anteriors with some distal movement of permanent molars

Answer 31

(LLHA)

Question 32

CONTRAINDICATIONS * In primary dentition since permanent mandibular incisors and first molars have not yet erupted. * Lingual eruption of permanent mandibular central incisors is interfered by the wire.

Answer 32

LLHA

Question 33

INDICATIONS: * Bilateral loss of the maxillary primary molars or loss of more than one tooth in the maxillary arch.

Answer 33

TRANSPALATAL ARCH

Question 34

CONTRAINDICATIONS: * Soft tissue problems * Bilateral loss of molars * Palatal torus * Before eruption of the permanent molars * Certain class II malocclusion in which upper 1st premolars are removed * In class III non surgical cases

Answer 34

TRANSPALATAL ARCH

Question 35

* The appliance is typically used when more than one tooth has been lost in a quadrant. * It is often the only alternative because there are no suitable abutment teeth and because the cantilever design of the distal shoe or the band and loop is too weak to withstand occlusal forces over a two-tooth span. * Not only can the partial denture replace more than one tooth, it also can replace occlusal function. * Two drawbacks of the appliance are retention and compliance.

Answer 35

REMOVABLE APPLIANCE

Question 36

INDICATION 1. When aesthetics is of importance. 2. In case the abutment teeth cannot support a fixed appliance. 3. In cleft palate patients who require obturation of the palatal defect. 4. In case the radiograph reveals that the unerupted permanent tooth is not going to erupt in less than five months time. 5. If the permanent teeth have not fully erupted it may be difficult to adapt bands. 6. Multiple loss of deciduous teeth which may require functional replacement in the form of either partial or complete dentures.

Answer 36

A REMOVABLE APPLIANCE

Question 37

CONTRAINDICATIONS 1. Lack of patient co-operation. 2. patients who are allergic to acrylic material. 3. Epileptic patients.

Answer 37

REMOVABLE APPLIANCE