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Cata 262 midterm 1 > Primary and secondary assessment > Flashcards

Primary and secondary assessment Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

What does BVM stand for?

A

Bag valve mask

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: using a BVM is the most efficient way to deliver oxygen to a non-breathing patient

A

TRUE

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3
Q

Name 3 ways to insert an OPA

A

90 degree method
180 degree method
using a tongue depressor

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4
Q

What does SAMPLE stand for?

A 
Signs and symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past medical history
Last intake
Events prior
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5
Q

When should SAMPLE be taken?

A

During secondary assessment

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6
Q

If the patient is unconscious, how the we retrieve SAMPLE?

A

Trough someone else who knows (player)

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Trauma jaw thrust should be performed on a prone victim

A

False: airways are already opened

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8
Q

Describe hypoxia

A

Describes an inadequate amount of oxygen at the cellular/tissue level

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9
Q

Is it necessary to use equipment to assist with breathing, if yes why and with what?

A

Yes, we should use a pocket mask or BVM

It serves to prevent contamination and further issues

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10
Q

Define agonal breathing

A

Occasional breathing (gasps of air) even when the heart stopped beating due to impulses form the brain

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11
Q

When and what is Cheyne stroke breathing

A

When there is trauma to the head or stroke patient has an increased rate and depth of breathing

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12
Q

What is the best way ton inflict pain on someone unconscious?

A

Triceps pinch and/or nail bed dig

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13
Q

When should a nasopharyngeal airway be used?

A

When a victim is semi-conscious or unconscious with a gag reflex

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14
Q

What are the signs of laboured breathing?

A
  1. use of accessory muscles
  2. cyanosis (blueish skin)
  3. Lungs sounds
  4. Uneven breaths
  5. Cool clammy skin
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15
Q

What is a normal breathing rate?

A

Adults: 12-20 bpm
Child: 15-30 bpm
Infant: 25-50 bpm

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16
Q

What does UABCd stand for?

A 
Unconsciousness
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
defibrillator
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17
Q

What are the different levels of consciousness?

A

Alert
response to Verbal stimuli
reponse to Pain stimuli
Unresponsive

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18
Q

What is the best way to open an airway with no SCI suspicion?

A

Head/chin tilt

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19
Q

What is the goal of the primary assessment?

A

To find and correct life threats

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20
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: the helmet of an athlete can be removed for better access to the face

A

FALSE: Cutting the face mask and tilting the grid is the best way

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21
Q

If a victim is in between sizes for an OPA, which one is prefered?

A

The bigger size

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22
Q

What should one say when on the phone with 911?

A
  1. Status of patient
  2. Age of patient
  3. LOC,ABC status
  4. Vitals
  5. Multiple trauma
  6. Medical history
  7. Location with access specifics
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23
Q

When do you signal/activate your ERP?

A

When the athlete is unconscious of in a life threatening situation

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24
Q

What is the first thing you do upon arriving to the scene once you know it’s safe?

Study These Flashcards
A

You immobilize the patient

25
TRUE OR FALSE: you can cross over a patient
FALSE, you go around
26
What is the first thing you do to check for LOC?
An auditive action: like what happened or what is your name
27
What is the following step after primary assessment?
Making sure airway is still open, insert an OPA and keep assistant opening the airway
28
What is the main cause of airway obstruction?
The tongue
29
If you find no pulse on an athlete, what do you do next?
CPR
30
How is circulation evaluated?
The presence and quality of the pulse, color of the skin and external bleeding
31
What can cause gastric distention?
Blowing too hard or too quickly when giving air and airway obstruction
32
What can result form gastric distention?
Vomiting
33
What are the 3 most frequent positions for an injured athlete?
Prone, semi-prone and supine
34
What technique must you do to open airway if you suspect an SCI
Trauma jaw thrust
35
How do you check for a gag reflex?
Brush finger against eyelid to see if they shutter
36
How long should primary assessment take?
30-45 sec
37
How long should airway and oxygenation take?
4-6 min
38
During secondary assessement, what should you palpate first? and second?
You palpate what you don't see first starting with the head and neck, checking gloves and then palpating the front. Check your gloves regularly
39
Where do you check the pulse on an infant vs adult in primary assessment?
Infant: brachial pulse Adult: carotid pulse
40
Name 4 things to check in a scene size up upon approaching the victim
1. Safety for yourself 2. Body substance isolation 3. Body position of the athlete 4. Number of victims
41
Blood spurting comes form a vein or an artery?
Artery
42
What are the initial observations you must do when approaching your athlete?
1. Position of the athlete 2. Skin color 3. Pupils 4. Sweating 5. Deformity 6. Asymetries 7. Bleeding
43
TRUE OR FALSE: the lowest grade you can get on a glasgow come scale is 0
FALSE, it's 3
44
How do you correctly mesure an OPA
Form the earlobe to the corner of the mouth
45
What are the early signs of hypoxia?
1. Nervousness 2. Irritability 3. Apprehension 4. Tachycardia (increase in heart rate)
46
What are the late sings of hypoxia?
- Changes in mental status - Unsing accessory breathing muscles - Possible chest pain - Cyanosis
47
TRUE OR FALSE: A person who gets a 15 on the glasgow scale should be considered as fully alert
TRUE
48
What does it mean to get 3 points under eye opening? Glasgow
Open to voice (not spontaneous which would have given 4 points)
49
If you obey command, how many points do you get on th glasgow scale?
6
50
When using a pocket mask with additionnal oxygen, how much oxygen are you providing to the athlete?
50%
51
When should artificial ventilation be used?
Athlete is not breathing but has a pulse
52
What are we looking for during secondary assessment?
``` Deformities Contusions Abrasions Puncture Burns & bruises Tenderness Laceration Swelling ```
53
If there is a medical condition, what do you do after primary assessment?
Vitals
54
What is the order of treatment?
1. Deformities to the head and spine 2. Epithelial 3. Fracture 4. General
55
Why do we do vitals 3 times?
To compare the results with each one and what is happening to your athlete
56
What do you do when reporting to EMT?
Introduce yourself and your qualifications Give a narrative report Field impressions What you did with the response of your athlete
57
TRUE OR FALSE: you must ask for an ambulance number and hospital destination
TRUE
58
Which vitals are you checking?
Pulse, BP, Pupils, O2 levels (pulse oximetry), Breathing and skin temperature

Cata 262 midterm 1 (7 decks)

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