Primary Assessment

Question 1

MOI (What does it mean and what type of incident is it?)

Answer 1

Mechanic of Injury, Trauma

Question 2

Important factors in a MOI

Answer 2

Amount, length of time, and area of force applied

Question 3

NOI (What does it mean and what type of incident is it?)

Answer 3

Nature of Illness, Medical

Question 4

List 4 specialized resources

Answer 4

1. ALS
2. Air Medical Support
3. Fire Dept.
4. Law Enforcement

Question 5

When would you need additional resources?

Answer 5

If the scene is unsafe, high patient to EMT ratio, not enough resources to respond

Question 6

3 Steps of primary assessment

Answer 6

1. General Impression - Age, Sex, positioning, MOI/NOI, identify life threats
2. AVPU
3. Introduction/Consent

Question 7

AVPU

Answer 7

Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive

Question 8

How to establish rapport

Answer 8

1. Introduce Name, credential, and who you are with
2. Ask patient name
3. Ask what is bothering the patient today?
4. Consent to treat

Question 9

ABC

Answer 9

Airway, Breathing Circulation

Question 10

When would you do ABC backwards?

Answer 10

When patient is non-responsive

Question 11

How to determine ALOC

Answer 11

During AVPU

Question 12

A symptom is..

Answer 12

Subjective, patient reports

Question 13

A sign is…

Answer 13

Objective, can be identified by the EMT through senses

Question 14

Modified Jaw Thrust

Answer 14

EMT hold jaw forward from mandible

Question 15

What are you assessing in (B)reathing?

Answer 15

Rate, Rhythm, and Tidal Volume (Chest rise and fall)

Question 16

What implies automatic high flow oxygen?

Answer 16

Chest Pain, shortness of breath, ALOC, sustained major trauma

Question 17

Warnings/Indications that a patient may need oxygen?

Answer 17

1. Cyanosis or pale skin
2. Body positioning
3. Noisy Breathing
4. Dyspnea
5. Nasal Flaring in children
6. Labored Breathing

Question 18

Dyspnea

Answer 18

shortness of breath (2-3 words between breaths)

Question 19

cyanosis

Answer 19

blue in the extremities and lips, late sign of hypoxia

Question 20

hypoxia

Answer 20

low oxygen

Question 21

When to begin rescue breathing

Answer 21

Greater than 28 breaths/min with inadequate tidal volume, less than 8 breaths/min, inadequate tidal volume with no room for air exchange

Question 22

COPS

Answer 22

Used to assess Circulation
Cap. Refill
Obvious Bleeding
Pulse
Skin signs

Question 23

What are you looking for when assessing pulse?

Answer 23

Presence, rate, rhythm, quality/strength

Question 24

Thready

Answer 24

Rapid and Weak pulse

Question 25

What pulse will you observe with shock?

Answer 25

Weak and fast (thready)

Question 26

What pulse should you check with a conscious patient?

Answer 26

Radial

Question 27

What pulse should you check with an unconscious patient?

Answer 27

Carotid

Question 28

What pulse should you check with children?

Answer 28

Brachial

Question 29

peritonitis

Answer 29

Hollow organ rupture (infection of the peritoneum)

Question 30

Treatment for Shock

Answer 30

High flow oxygen, cover with blanket (if indicated), place in proper position

Question 31

What is DEF and when does it occur during an assessment?

Answer 31

Deformities, disabilities, Expose area, formulate field impression. This occurs at the end to he primary assessment after ABC

Question 32

Golden Hour

Answer 32

Onset of illness/injury to definitive care

Question 33

Platinum 10

Answer 33

Time it takes to assess, stabilize, and transport patient (10 minutes)

Question 34

Scene Safety steps

Answer 34

Personal, Partner, Patient; Environmental Hazards; Number of Patients; Mechanic of Injury/Nature of Illness; Additional Resources Needed; Need for extrication or spinal immobilization

Question 35

4 steps of Patient Assessment

Answer 35

1. BSI/Standard Precautions 2. Scene Safety (Penman) 3. Primary Assessment 4. Secondary Assessment

Question 36

3 Steps of Primary Assessment

Answer 36

General Impression, AVPU, Introductions/Consent

Question 37

How long should the Primary assessment take

Answer 37

60-90 seconds

Question 38

What is the purpose of the primary assessment

Answer 38

Detect and correct immediate or imminent life threats

Question 39

5 characteristics of General impression

Answer 39

Age, Sex, Positioning, NOI/MOI, life threats