Primary Health Care & Health Promotion (Week 2)

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true of the Primary Care Model:
A) Provides support for self-management
B) It is reactive and symptom driven
C) Involves a population health approach
D) It is proactive and includes planned interventions

Answer 1

B

Question 2

TRUE/FALSE:

Funding for health care today is mainly acute-focused

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

What is an evidence-based care model?

Answer 3

A medical model of care that measures the cost efficiency/benefits of interventions.
Therefore, focused on cure, resuscitation or control of symptoms.

Question 4

What is economic rationalism?

Answer 4

The ideology that individuals should be autonomous, and accountable for their own health and well being in order to cut the cost of care to the community.

Question 5

What were 3 issues with providing care to those with chronic illnesses through primary care in the 1990’s?

Answer 5

1) Primary care offices were set up to respond to acute illnesses.
2) Patients with chronic illnesses were not adequately informed about their conditions and not supported in the self-care of their conditions beyond the doctor’s office.
3) Doctors were too busy to educate and support chronically ill patients on how to stay healthy.

Question 6

TRUE/FALSE:

The key to self-managed and consumer-directed care is goal setting.

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

List 3 advantages of having a Comprehensive Care Plan

Answer 7

♣ Directs the efforts of the team - communication b/w all HCPs
♣ Focus on the person’s own needs and goals.
♣ Negotiated with the healthcare team – client is willing and motivated to accept and contribute.

Question 8

What is Primary Health Care (as defined by the WHO)?

Answer 8

“The first point of contact with formal health services and is often complimented by social care” ~ WHO

Question 9

Breast cancer screening is what form of Primary Health Care prevention?
A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) None of the above

Answer 9

B

Question 10

What does primary prevention involve?

Answer 10

Promoting, maintaining health, improving conditions and education.
It is aimed at maintaining health and preventing illness by removing the precipitating causes and determinants of ill health or injury
E.g., Vaccination programs

Question 11

List 4 advantages of having a National Primary Health Care Strategy

Answer 11

• More efficient
• Have lower rates of hospitalisations
• Fewer health inequalities
• Better health outcomes – decrease mortality + keeping people healthy

Question 12

List 4 roles of a Primary Health Care nurse

Answer 12

• Health promotion
• Education & research
• Illness prevention
• Maternal care

Question 13

What makes a multidisciplinary team?

Answer 13

Various professionals from different disciplines sharing the same outcome goal, but working independently to achieve this. Care is compartmentalised into disciplines and coordination is through team meetings.

Question 14

List 4 positive aspects of having an inter professional team approach

Answer 14

1) Utilises strength of team members + prevents duplication
2) Inclusion of non-professionals such as care workers
3) Team members educate + inform each other on their specialties
4) Team leadership rotates depending on team purpose and goals

Question 15

TRUE/FALSE:
An ACAT (aged care) assessment is required for those wishing to be considered for the Commonwealth Home Support Program

Answer 15

FALSE

Question 16

What is the eligibility criteria for the Commonwealth Home Support Program?

Answer 16

Eligibility:

• 50+ year old if Indigenous
• 65+ years old if non-Indigenous
• Still living at home + wish to remain independent + need assistance with daily living

Question 17

What is the cost for the Commonwealth Home Support Program?

Answer 17

Cost: there is a fee for each service which is means tested

Question 18

List 4 purpose points of the Hospital Admission Risk Program (HARP)?

Answer 18

1) Improve patient outcomes.
2) Provide integrated seamless care within and across hospital /community sectors.
3) Reduce avoidable hospital admissions and emergency department presentations.
4) Ensure equitable access to healthcare.

Question 19

How frequently/how long ago must a person wishing to apply for the HARP have been admitted or presented to hospital?

Answer 19

HARP eligibility includes the criteria of the client having at least one emergency department presentation or hospital admission in the last 12 months.

Question 20

Which group of people constitute HARP clients?

Answer 20

• People with chronic heart disease
• People with chronic respiratory disease
• People with diabetes
• Older people with complex needs
• People with complex psychosocial needs; and
• People with other chronic diseases and complex co-morbidities.

Question 21

Looking at the Kaiser Permanente Pyramid, to which group of people is Level 4 aimed at?
A) The whole population
B) People with chronic illnesses who can be managed in the community
C) Those requiring intensive care support
D) 85+ year olds

Answer 21

A) The whole population - primary prevention

Question 22

Define: Public Health:

Answer 22

The organized response by society to protect and promote health, and to prevent illness, injury and disability. The starting point for identifying public health issues, problems and priorities, and for designing and implementing interventions, is the population as a whole, or population subgroups.

Question 23

Define: Health Promotion

Answer 23

A political, ecological and capacity building process, aimed at arranging determinants of health in a way that facilitates health at all levels (e.g., global, national, community level).

GOAL: to increase every person’s control over their health and to improve it.