Primer 13 Flashcards
(44 cards)
4 most common side effects of B-blocker meds?
3 patients that should be monitored carefully on B-Blockers?
- Bronchocnstrxn.
- Bradycardia
- AV Block
- Mask hypoglycemia
- COPD/ asthma
- DM patients on meds
- Acute CHF patients (may exacerbate acute episode)
Match the disease to the following immunopathology:
- Antimicrobial Abs
- Antiplatelet Abs
- Newborn with chronic diarrhea, failure to thrive, chronic candidiasis
- Child with eczema, coarse facial features, cold accesses
- Child with partial albinsism, peripheral neuropathy, recurrent infections
- Primary biliary cirrhosis
- ITP (immune thrombocytopenia purpura)
- SCID
- Hyper IgE (Job Syndrome)
- Chediak Higashi Syndrome
Clinical uses for first, second, third, fourth generation cephalosporins:
1st: gram +, PEK
2nd: gram +, HEN PEK
3rd: gram - (pseudomonas, n. gonorrhea)
4th (cefipime): gram +, gram -
Recall HEN PEK organisms
H. flu
Enterobacter
Neisseria
Proteus
E Coli
Klebsiella
Gardinella Vaginalis (Bacterial Vaginosis): Discharge Vaginal pH Wet Mount Treatment
- Thin, gray-white, fishy smell
- pH»> 4.5
- CLUE CELLS (epi cells with dots = the bacteria)
- whiff test (mix with KOH and smell = STANKY)
- Metronidazole, Clindamycin
Candida Albicans/ Vaginal Candidiasis: Discharge Pelvic exam Vaginal pH Wet Mount Treatment
- Chunky, white, cottage cheese
- may see exhortations due to itch
- pH = 4-4.5
- yeast formations (hyphae, buds)
- -azole, nystatin
Trichomonas Vaginalis: Discharge Pelvic Exam Vaginal pH Wet Mount Treatment
- Frothy, green-yellow, fishy smell
- strawberry cervix
- pH»>4.5
- motile pear shaped flagellated organisms
- metronidazole
How do we treat pregnant females with syphilis that are allergic to penicillin?
BENZOTHENE PENICILLIN G upon desensitization
Early manifestations of congenital syphilis (4):
- HSM w/ ^ LFTs
- Rash–> desquamation of hands and feet
- snuffles (bloody nasal secretions)
- skeletal abnormalities on XR
Late Manifestations of congenital syphilis (6):
- Frontal bossing
- Saddle nose
- Saber shin
- Hutchinson teeth
- Interstitial keratitis
- perforation of hard palate
What is condyloma accuminata?
What pathogens cause this disease?
Histological findings?
Genital warts
HPV 6, 11
Koilocytes (perinuclear cytoplasmic clearing)
How does N. Gonnorrhea infection present in:
Women?
Men?
Women: asymptomatic until PID develops
Men: urethritis, dysuria, mucopurulent discharge, epididymitis, disseminated infection with septic arthritis
JOINT PAIN IN YOUNG SEXUALLY ACTIVE MALES
What is the #1 bacterial STI?
Chlamydia!
What is the #1 cause of Reiter’s Syndrome/ Reactive arthritis?
Chlamydia!
Which serotypes of chlamydia cause STI?
D-K
How does a Chlamydia infection typically present in:
Women?
Men?
Typically asymptomatic!
Women: cervicitis, urethritis w/ dysuria–> PID
Men: epididymitis, prostatitis
Both: Conjunctivitis, lymphogranuloma venereum
What is lymphogranuloma venereum?
Chlamydial infection
PAINLESS general ulcer–> Bubos (engorged, swollen inguinal nodes that can burst)
Which STIs cause painLESS genital ulcers?
- chlamydia (lymphogranuloma venereum)
2. treponema pallidum (syphillis) chancre
Which STIs cause painFUL genital ulcers?
- chancroid (H. ducreyi)
2. HSV2»>HSV1
Which organism has a “school of fish” look under the microscope?
H. ducreyi
Describe the clinical manifestations of primary, secondary and tertiary syphilis infection:
1:
chancre
2:
systemic sx (nonspecific/flu-ish)
erythematous macules on palms and soles of feet
condyloma late (flat, smooth, moist lesions)
3: neurosyphilis (tabes dorsalis, argyle robertson pupil) cardiovascular syphilis (aortitis) gummatous syphilis (granulomatous lesions on skin)
What is PID?
What are the two most common causative agents?
Treatment?
3 complications without treatment:
Ascending, polymicrobial, inflammatory infection of female upper reproductive tract
- Chlamydia, Gonorrhea (break through cervical mucus)
- Tx: Broad spectrum ABX
- Infertility, chronic pelvic pain, ectopic preggos
What is Fitzhugh Curtis Syndrome?
Characteristic finding?
Infection of the renal capsule caused by extension of PID
- violin string adhesions + inflammation
Clinical symptoms of PID (3):
- Pelvic/ lower abdominal pain
- cervical motion tenderness (chandelier sign)
- mucopurulent discharge
