PRINCIPLE

Question 1

Is an analytical technique that measures the concentrations of elements. It makes use of the absorption of light by these element in order to measure their concentration

Answer 1

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

Question 2

It quantifies the absorption of ground state in the gaseous state.

Answer 2

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

Question 3

The atoms absorb ultraviolet of visible light and make transitions to higher electronic energy levels. The analyte concentration is determined from the amount of absorption.

Answer 3

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

Question 4

Is a very common technique for detecting metals and metalloids in environmental samples.

Answer 4

ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY

Question 5

4 principle components of atomic absorption spectrometer

Answer 5

LIGHT SOURCE (USUALLU A HOLLOW CATHODE LAMP)
AN ATOM CELL ( ATOMIZER)
MONOCHROMATOR
DETECTOR, READ OUR DEVICE

Question 6

It is usually a hollow cathode lamp of the element that is being measured.

Answer 6

LIGHT SOURCE

Question 7

A light source contains a _____ and a _____ made of the element to be determined.

Answer 7

TUNGSTED ANODE
HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL CATHODE

Question 8

The light source is sealed in a glass tube filled with an _______.

Answer 8

INERT GAS (NEON OR ARGON)

Question 9

To be analyzed needs to be in atomic sate.

Answer 9

ELEMENTS

Question 10

In separation of particles into individual molecules and breaking molecules into atom.

Answer 10

ATOMIZATION

Question 11

This is done by exposing the analyte to high temperature in a flame or graphite furnace.

Answer 11

ATOMIZATION

Question 12

This dissolvate a liquid sample and then the solid particles are vaporized into their free gaseous ground state form.

Answer 12

ATOM CELL

Question 13

Two types of atomization:

Answer 13

FLAME AND GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIZATION

Question 14

Gas/Air

Answer 14

1700-1900

Question 15

Gas/O2

Answer 15

2700-2800

Question 16

H2/Air

Answer 16

2000-2100

Question 17

H2/02

Answer 17

2550-2700

Question 18

C2H2/Air

Answer 18

2100-2400

Question 19

C2H2/O2

Answer 19

3050-3150

Question 20

C2H2/N2O

Answer 20

2600-2800

Question 21

Factor that affects the ground state atom population can be classified as an _____?

Answer 21

INTERFERENCE

Question 22

Factors that may affect the ability of the instrument to read this parameter can also be classified as ___?

Answer 22

INTERFERENCE

Question 23

Element other than the one of interest may absorb the wavelength being used

Answer 23

Absorption of Source Radiaiton

Question 24

The formation of ions rather than atoms causes lower absorption of radiation. This problem is overcome by adding ionization suppressors.

Answer 24

IONIZATION INTERFERENCE

Question 25

The atoms ot the same kind are absorbing radiation will absorb more at the center of the line than at the wings, and thus resulting in the change of shape ot the line as well as its density.

Answer 25

SELF ABSORPTION

Question 26

This is caused by the presence of a particle from incomplete atomization,. This problem id overcome by increasing the flame temperature.

Answer 26

BACK GROUND ABSORPTION OF SOURCE RADIATION

Question 27

Rate of aspiration, novelization, or transport of the sample (eg. viscosity, surface tension, vapor pressure and density)

Answer 27

TRANSPORT INTERERENCE

Question 28

5 different interferences that are encountered in atomic absorption spectroscopy:

Answer 28

ABSORPTION OF SOURCE RADIATION IONIZATION INTERFERENCE SELF ABSORPTION BACK GROUP ABSORPTION OF SOURCE RADIATION TRANSPORT INTERFERENCE

Question 29

AAS Applications:

Answer 29

CLINICAL ANALYSIS ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRY

Question 30

Analyzing metals in biological fluids such as blood and urine.

Answer 30

CLINICAL ANALYSIS

Question 31

Monitoring our environment - eg. finding out the levels of various elements in rivers, seawaters, drinking water, air and petrol.

Answer 31

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

Question 32

In some pharmaceutical manufacturing processes, minute quantities of a catalysts used in the process (usually a metal) are sometimes present in the final product. By using AAS the amount of catalyst present can be determined.

Answer 32

PHARMACEUTICALS

Question 33

Many raw materials are examined and AAS is widely used to check that the major elements ate present and that toxic impurities are lower than specified - eg in concrete, where calcium is a major constituent, the lead level should be low because it is toxic.

Answer 33

INDUSTRY

Question 34

Uses excited atoms

Answer 34

ATOMIC EMISSION

Question 35

Uses ground state atoms

Answer 35

ATOMIC ABSORPTION

Question 36

It is important because it influence the distribution of atoms. It can be manipulated by oxidant and fuel ratio.

Answer 36

FLAME TEMPERATURE

Question 37

5 interferences that are encountered in atomic absorption spectroscopy are:

Answer 37

ABSORPTION OF SOURCE RADIATION IONIZATION INTERFERENCE SELF ABSORPTION BACK GROUND ABSORBTION OF SOURCE RADIATION TRANSPORT INTERFERENCE

Question 38

It is a major constituent in a concrete, the lead level should be low because it is toxic.

Answer 38

CALCIUM