Principle of paediatric orthopaedics Flashcards
1
Q
What are paediatric MSK issues that cause concern?
A
In toed gait. Bow legs. Flat feet. Curly toes. Late walkers.
2
Q
What are causes of toeing?
A
Femoral anteversion (mainly children of school age; inward twisting) Internal tibial torsion (mainly infants; inward twisting, increased thigh foot angle) Metatarsus adductus (mainly newborns; 90% resolve by 1yr)
3
Q
What are outcomes/treatments of toeing?
A
86% reassured at first visit (no treatment needed)
Never operate before 10 years old.
4
Q
Describe flexible flat feet
A
Normal at birth. Diminishes with age. Insoles – no benefit.
5
Q
Describe curly toes
A
Tightness of flexor tendons, 25% resolve spontaneously. Half require no treatment other half have toes strapped as result.
6
Q
Describe variable walking age
A
12 months – mean
‘normal’ ≠ mean; 50% walk later than mean
7
Q
What are the 5 ‘S’’s of paediatric orthopaedics?
A
Symptoms Symmetry (really asymmetry reason to refer) Stiffness Syndromes Systemic illness.
8
Q
What must you assume of bone/joint pain that is worse at night
A
That its infection or tumour until proven otherwise
