Principles 8 9 10 11 exam

Question 1

An alpha particle contains

Answer 1

two protons and two neutrons

Question 2

Alpha particles

Answer 2

Are emitted from the nuclei of heavy elements

Have greater mass than other particulate radiation

Have a positive charge

Question 3

X-ray interaction with matter involves the transfer of energy from

Answer 3

Photon to matter

Question 4

When comparing x-rays and gamma rays, a key distinction is in the

Answer 4

Origin of the emission

Question 5

The quantity of x-rays or gamma rays required to produce a given amount of ionization in a unit mass of the air defines the

Answer 5

Roentgen

Question 6

One joule of energy absorbed in each kilogram of material defines the

Answer 6

Gray

Question 7

Sum of the weighted equivalent doses for all radiated tissues and organs is the

Answer 7

Effective dose

Question 8

A device that is employed for detection and measurement of radiation exposure from x-ray radiation is called

Answer 8

Dosimeter

Question 9

Ionization chambers work on the principle that when radiation interacts with the electrons in the air, ___ are produced

Answer 9

Ion pairs

Question 10

Personal monitoring devices include

Answer 10

Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TDL)

Question 11

When no threshold dose for radiation exists, the effect is known as

Answer 11

stochastic

Question 12

Deterministic effects of ionizing radiation include all of the following EXCEPT

a. sterility
b. cataracts.
c. skin erythema.
d. cancer.

Answer 12

cancer

Question 13

Radiation exposure limits applicable to the protection of radiation workers are known as __________limits.

Answer 13

dose

Question 14

Dose limits have been established for

Answer 14

Certain Organs
Certain Issues
The whole body

Question 15

The cumulative effective dose limit for an occupational exposure to ionizing radiation is __________ mrem.

a. 5000
b. 500
c. 50
d. none of the above

Answer 15

D is correct

Question 16

If the distance between the individual and the source of radiation is doubled, the exposure to the individual will be reduced by a factor of

Answer 16

4

Question 17

Special gonadal shields should be employed any time the gonads are

Answer 17

within 5 cm of the primary beam

Question 18

As the speed of the image receptor increases, patient dose

Answer 18

decreases

Question 19

A fetus is most radiosensitive during __________ postconception.

Answer 19

8 to 15 weeks

Question 20

The concept of ALARA

Answer 20

necessarily requires a benefit vs. risk assessment by the ordering physician.

Question 21

Filtration permits the radiographer to ____ the photon emission spectrum into a more useful beam

Answer 21

narrow

Question 22

The most common diagnostic x-ray beam filter material is what?

Answer 22

aluminium

Question 23

The amount of material that will reduce the intensity of the primary beam to one-half its original value

Answer 23

half-value layer

Question 24

If the half-value layer of diagnostic radiographic equipment is too low, it may be corrected by…

Answer 24

increasing the primary beam filtration

Question 25

what term describes filtration that is part of the x-ray tube, the tube housing, and the collimation device

Answer 25

total

Question 26

filtration that occurs as the primary beam passes through the glass window of the x-ray tube

Answer 26

inherent

Question 27

The collimator device is considered part of what kind of filtration?

Answer 27

added

Question 28

Which one of the following compensating filters is used most commonly in radiography of the femur?

Answer 28

a wedge filter

Question 29

The thickest part of of the wedge filter should be placed on the ___ dense part of the patient

Answer 29

less

Question 30

When comparing two x-ray beams, one at 60 kVp and the other at 85 kVp

Answer 30

Adding aluminum to the 60kVp beam greatly reduces the skin dose to the patient The 85kVp beam will offer a lower entrance skin exposure Adding 0.5mm of aluminum to the 85kVp beam will require no additional mAs in order to maintain beam intensity