Principles and practices of Cultivation Flashcards
learn and understand (23 cards)
What is the first step in the sequential steps of cultivation?
Selection of crops
What is the second step in the sequential steps of cultivation?
Land preparation
What is the third step in the sequential steps of cultivation?
Propagation of crops
What is the fourth step in the sequential steps of cultivation?
Care and Maintenance
What is the fifth step in the sequential steps of cultivation?
Harvesting and Marketing
What factor is considered the most important limited factor in the production of crops?
Climate
How does rainfall distribution affect crop selection?
Farmers must select crops that will mature within the short period when there is moisture
Which type of crops cannot be grown without irrigation in areas with long dry periods?
Long duration crops, such as sugarcane and carrots
What type of soil is required for rice and sugarcane?
Clayey soil type which retains moisture
What type of soil do peanuts and cassava require?
Loose sandy soils
What are the basic soil types?
- Loam
- Sand
- Clay
- Silt
What is the preferred pH range for most crops?
4.5 to 6
Which crop can tolerate very acidic soils?
Sugarcane
What is land clearing?
The process of uprooting and clearing vegetation to allow the land to be used for other crops
What does laying out refer to in land preparation?
The spatial arrangement of different parts in an area of land
What is the process of breaking or loosening the soil called?
Ploughing
What is the purpose of harrowing?
To break up the soil and dig up weeds and shallow rooted grass after ploughing
What is mulching?
The process of covering the top soil with plant material
What is the benefit of constructing beds and drains in land preparation?
To allow removal of excess soil from the root zone of the plants
What effect does mixing in limestones have on soil?
Increases the soil’s pH, making it less acidic and more alkaline
What is the effect of mixing in manure?
Increases the yield and production of crops
What is the purpose of applying pesticides to seeds prior to planting?
To protect against soil-borne risks to the plant
What is the function of drains in agriculture?
To enhance agricultural production of crops by draining water from the soil
