Principles of Biomedical Sciences

Question 1

What is Biomedical Sciences?

Answer 1

The application of Biology and Physiology to Clinical medicine.

Question 2

Control Group

Answer 2

The group in an experiment where the independent variable being tested is not applied so that it may serve as a standard for comparison against the experimental group where the independent variable is applied.

Question 3

Dependent Variable

Answer 3

The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested.

Question 4

Experiment

Answer 4

A research study conducted to determine the effect that one variable has upon another variable

Question 5

Forensic Science

Answer 5

The application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil and criminal law

Question 6

Hypothesis

Answer 6

Clear prediction of the anticipated results of an experiment.

Question 7

Independent Variable

Answer 7

The variable that is varied or manipulated by the researcher.

Question 8

Negative Control

Answer 8

Control group where conditions produce a negative outcome. Negative control groups help identify outside influences which may be present that were not accounted for when the procedure was created.

Question 9

Personal Protective Equipment

Answer 9

Specialized clothing or equipment, worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials (as defined by OSHA).

Question 10

Positive Control

Answer 10

Group expected to have a positive result, allowing the researcher to show that the experimental set up was capable of producing results.

Question 11

DNA

Answer 11

The set of non-genetic traits, qualities, or features that characterize a person or thing.

Question 12

Nucleotide

Answer 12

Consists of Phosphate, Deoxyribose sugar, and a Base.

Question 13

Gene

Answer 13

A part of the chromosome that determines your height, eye color, hair color, and etc.

Question 14

Autopsy

Answer 14

A postmortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease.

Question 15

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

Answer 15

A comprehensive set of standards and practices designed to give patients specific rights regarding their personal health information.

Question 16

Medical Examiner

Answer 16

a medically qualified public officer whose duty is to investigate deaths occurring under unusual or suspicious circumstances, to perform postmortems, and to initiate inquests.

Question 17

Homeostasis

Answer 17

The maintenance of relatively stable internal environment

Question 18

Negative Feedback

Answer 18

A primary mechanism of homeostasis that triggers a response of which counteracts the initial fluctuation.

Question 19

Positive Feedback

Answer 19

It tends to magnify a process.

Question 20

Hormone

Answer 20

It circulates in the blood that which produces an effect on the activity of cells.

Question 21

Insulin

Answer 21

A hormone secreted by the pancreas. Also regulation of glucose levels in the blood.

Question 22

Glucagon

Answer 22

A hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells which raises blood glucose levels

Question 23

Glucose Tolerance Test

Answer 23

A fast determination of blood glucose levels in the blood or urine. Also used to detect diabetes.

Question 24

Type 1 Diabetes

Answer 24

It develops during childhood or adolescence deficiency of insulin, leading to high blood glucose level.

Question 25

Type 2 Diabetes

Answer 25

It develops especially in adults and most obese individuals high blood glucose impaired insulin utilization with the body's inability to compensate.

Question 26

Solute

Answer 26

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Question 27

Solution

Answer 27

A liquid that is a homogeneous in a solution.

Question 28

Solvent

Answer 28

A dissolving agent-Water.

Question 29

Isotonic

Answer 29

Same solute concentration as another solution.

Question 30

Osmosis

Answer 30

Movement of water across the membrane from high concentration than lower concentration.

Question 31

Hypertonic

Answer 31

Solutions Greater solute concentration.

Question 32

Hypotonic

Answer 32

Solution lower solute concentration.

Question 33

Hypoglycemia

Answer 33

Abnormal decrease of sugar in the blood.

Question 34

Hyperglycemia

Answer 34

An excess of sugar in the blood.

Question 35

Vein

Answer 35

A vessel that returns blood to the heart.

Question 36

Valve

Answer 36

Body structure temporarily closes passage in only one direction.

Question 37

Atrium

Answer 37

A passage to the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into a ventricle or ventricles.

Question 38

Artery

Answer 38

Tubular branching muscular and elastic walled vessels that carry blood from the heart through the body.

Question 39

Cell

Answer 39

The smallest unit of living matter capable of functioning independently.

Question 40

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 40

The passage of venous blood from the right atrium of the heart through the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries to the lungs where it is oxygenated and its return via the pulmonary veins to enter the left atrium and participate in systemic circulation.

Question 41

Superior Vena Cava

Answer 41

A vein that is the second largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body.

Question 42

Systemic Circulation

Answer 42

The branch of the circulatory system that supplies all body organs and then returns oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium via the veins.

Question 43

Tissue

Answer 43

An integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both.

Question 44

Tricuspid Valve

Answer 44

A valve that is situated at the opening of the right atrium of the heart into the right ventricle and that resembles the mitral valve in structure but consists of three triangular membranous flaps.

Question 45

Cardiovascular System

Answer 45

The transport system of the body responsible for carrying oxygen and nutrients to the body and carrying away carbon dioxide and other wastes; composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Question 46

Mitral Valve

Answer 46

A valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle; prevents the blood in the ventricle from returning to the atrium. Alternative name is bicuspid valve.

Question 47

Heart Rate

Answer 47

A measure of cardiac activity usually expressed as the number of beats per minute.

Question 48

Systole

Answer 48

The stage of the heart cycle in which the heart muscle contracts and the chambers pump blood.

Question 49

Systolic Pressure

Answer 49

The pressure generated by the left ventricle during systole.