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BUILDING UTILITIES: ELECTRICAL > PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY > Flashcards

PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

Natural phenomenon that occurs throughout nature and takes many different forms. Presence and flow of an electric charge.

A

Electricity

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2
Q

Electricity is a _____________ that occurs throughout nature and takes many different forms. Presence and flow of an ______________.

A

Natural phenomenon |Electric charge

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3
Q

is a mysterious incomprehensible entity which is invisible and visible at the same time

A

Electricity

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4
Q

Electricity is a mysterious incomprehensible entity which is __________and __________ at the same time

A

invisible| visible

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5
Q

is a fundamental part of our modern world, powering
everything from our lights and appliances to our computers and transportation systems

A

Electricity

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6
Q

Also referred to as an energy carrier, which means it can be converted to other forms of energy such as
mechanical energy or heat

A

Electricity as Energy

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7
Q

Electricity as energy also referred to as an energy carrier, which means it can be converted to other forms of energy such as ________ or ____________

A

mechanical energy or heat

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8
Q

The bulk of electric energy utilized today is in the form of
alternating current (a-c), produced by a-c generators, commonly called alternators. Direct-current (d-c) generators
are utilized for special applications requiring large quantities of d-c.

A

Electric Energy

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9
Q

A generator that converts mechanical
energy into electrical energy in the form of alternating current is called?

A

Alternating Current Generator or AC Generator

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10
Q

A type of generator that are highly efficient for long
distance power transmission due to the ability to step-up or step-down voltages using
transformers

A

Alternating Current Generator or AC Generator

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11
Q

Alternating current (AC) Generator also known as?

A

Alternators

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12
Q

Direct current (DC) Generator also known as?

A

Commutator

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13
Q

A machine that converts mechanical energy
into DC (direct current) electricity is a?

A

DC Generator or Direct Current Generator

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14
Q

Provides a constant voltage and current, making it suitable for applications requiring a steady power supply. However, _________ generators are less efficient for high-power applications and long-distance transmission

A

DC Generator or Direct Current Generator

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15
Q

Unit or electric current

A

Amperes or amps

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16
Q

measures how many of these electrons are flowing past a specific point in the wire every second.

A

Current

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17
Q

Numerically, an ampere of current flows in a conductor when __________ electrons pass a given cross section in _______ second

A

6.25 x 1018 electrons | 1 second

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18
Q

Unit of electric potential

A

Volt or ohm

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19
Q

The electron movement and its concomitant energy, which constitutes electricity, are caused by creating a higher positive electric charge at one point on a conductor than exists at another point on that same conductor.

A

Volt

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20
Q

By ______ current is assisted to flow from positive (+) to negative (-)

A

Convention Current

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21
Q

This difference in charge can be created in
several ways. the _______ the voltage (pressure), the ________the current (wow) for
a given resistance (friction

A

the higher the voltage the higher the current

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22
Q

The flow of fluid in a hydraulic system is impeded by friction; the flow of current in an electric circuit is impeded by resistance, which is the electrical term for friction

A

OHM

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23
Q

The flow of fluid in a hydraulic system is impeded by ________

A

Friction

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24
Q

In a direct-current circuit (d-c), this unit is called _________ and is abbreviated ________

A

Resistance | R

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25
in an alternating-current circuit (a-c), it is called ___________ and is abbreviated _________.
Impedance | Z
26
In a direct-current circuit (d-c), this unit is called resistance and is abbreviated R; in an alternating-current circuit (a-c), it is called impedance and is abbreviated Z. The unit of measurement is called the _______
OHM
27
27
__________states that the current I that will flow in a d-e circuit is directly proportional to the voltage V and inversely proportional to the resistance R of the circuit
Ohm's Law
28
According to Ohm's Law it is analogous to water pressure
Voltage
28
Formula of Ohms Law
Current = Voltage/Resistance or i = V/R
29
According to Ohm's Law it is the amount of water flowing through the pipe
Current
30
According to Ohm's Law it is is the size of the pipe.
Resistance
31
According to Ohm's Law more water will flow through the pipe (current) when ________is applied (voltage) and the________ (lower the resistance)
more pressure | bigger the pipe
31
2 types of circuit arrangements
Series Circuit Parallel Circuit
32
An electric circuit may be defined as a complete conducting path that carries current from a source of electricity to and through some electrical device (or load} and back to the source. A current can never flow unless there is a complete (closed) circuit.
Series Circuit
33
A circuit wherein the elements are connected one after the other in series. Thus, the resistance and voltages add
Series Circuit
34
In any series circuit, the _____________ is the sum of the resistance around the circuit
Total Resistance R
35
The battery voltage may be called?
Vab = 120v
36
The voltage across the load resistance
Vcd = 115v
37
The resistance of the two wires
rbc = rda = 0.04 ohm
38
When two or more branches or loads in a circuit are connected between the same two points, they are said to be connected in _______ or multiple
Parallel Circuit
39
Loads connected in parallel are equivalent to _________ superimposed into a ___________.
separate circuits |single connection
40
is the standard arrangement in all building wiring. A typical lighting and receptacle arrangement for a large room.
Parallel Connection
41
Two types of current
Direct Current | Alternating Current
42
Type of current wherein the flow of electric current takes place at a constant time rate, practically unvarying and in the same direction around a circuit.
Direct Current
43
Whenever the flow of current is periodically varying in time and in direction, as indicated by the symmetrical positive and negative loops or sine waves, it is called an _________.
Alternating Current
44
Types of Alternating Current
Alternating Current fully rectified Half-rectified Fully-rectified and filtered
45
Enumerate the following electric power generation
Direct Current (d-c) Generation Alternating (a-c) Generation
46
It is actually an AC generator with a commutator that converts AC to DC.
DC Generator
47
The main source of DC Power
Batteries
48
Mostly used where accurate speed control is desired or where d-c is required on a larger and more sustainable basis than would be economical for a battery.
DC Generator
49
Components of d-c generator
Prime Mover Commutator Rectifiers
50
A component of d-c generator that provides mechanical energy (e.g. motor, engine, turbine)
Prime Mover
51
A component of d-c generator that converts AC to DC
Commutator
52
A component of d-c generator that can also convert AC to DC (materials used include selenium, silicon, copper oxide)
Rectifiers
53
As the conductor moves through the magnetic field, it cuts the magnetic field lines. This movement causes a change in the magnetic field experienced by the conductor. This change in the magnetic field induces an electric potential (voltage) across the ends of the conductor. If the conductor is part of a closed circuit, this voltage will cause an electric current to flow.
Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction
54
This _______________________ states that when an electrical conductor is moved in a magnetic field, a voltage is induced in it. The direction of the movement determines the polarity of the induced as shown.
Principle of Electromagnetic Induction
55
Converts mechanical energy into a-c electricity and uses magnetic induction to generate electricity
Alternating Current (a-c) Generator
56
Alternating current is produced commercially by an a-c generator, called
Alternator
57
is picked off with sliding contacts, called "slip-rings". It does not matter whether the conductor moves and the magnetic field is stationary, or vice versa, as long as there is relative motion between the two.
Voltage
58
Voltage is picked off with sliding contacts, called ________
slip-rings
59
is the technical term for the more common expression -work.
Energy
60
is synonymous with fuel and therefore also cost.
Energy
61
is a broad term that refers to the ability or capacity to do work.
Energy
62
According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can be converted from one form to another, but the total amount of energy in a closed system remains__________
constant
63
is an energy associated with the flow of electric charge.
Electric energy
64
It is a form of potential and kinetic energy combined.
Electrical Energy
65
powers various electrical devices, appliances, and systems. It's a subset of the broader concept of energy, focusing specifically on the energy derived from electrical phenomena.
Electric Energy
66
Type of materials that allows the flow of electric current
Conductors
67
Type of materials that resists the flow of electric current
Insulators
68
Formula of energy or work
E = PT or Energy = Power x Time
69
The rate at which work is done
Power
70
It is a measure of how long the energy can be converted from one form to another or how long it can be transferred from one system to another.
Power
71
is the rate where an electrical energy is consumed or transferred in a circuit
Electric Power
72
Formula of power
P=W/t or Power = Watts/time
73
Unit of power
Horsepower Hour Watts (W) Kilowatts (kW) Joule per second (J/s) Calorie per second (C/s
74
Different formula of power
P = IV P = I^2 (R) P = (V^2)/R V = IR W = I(IR) W = I(V)
75

BUILDING UTILITIES: ELECTRICAL (3 decks)

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