Principles of Electrocardiography

Question 1

Valve between the right upper and lower chambers of the heart

Answer 1

Tricuspid Valve

Question 2

Valve between the left upper and lower chambers of the heart

Answer 2

Mitral valve

Question 3

Another name for bicuspid valve

Answer 3

Mitral valve

Question 4

Use of ultrasonic waves directed through the heart to study the structure and motion of the heart

Answer 4

Electrocardiography (ECHO)

Question 5

Blood returns from the head, neck and upper extremities through

Answer 5

Superior vena cava

Question 6

Pacemaker of the heart

Answer 6

Sinoatrial node

Question 7

The atrioventricular bundle is the same as

Answer 7

bundle of his and AV node

Question 8

State where the cardiac cells are recovering

Answer 8

Repolarized state

Question 9

What state creates electrical activity that can be picked up on the ECG tracing

Answer 9

depolarized and repolarized state

Question 10

Upward movement away from the baseline

Answer 10

deflection

Question 11

a period of time between two points or events

Answer 11

interval

Question 12

The PR segment

Answer 12

follows the P wave and appears as an isoelectric line. Created as the impulse moves slowly through the AV node. Is the time between the end of atrial depolarization and the start of the ventricular depolarization.

Question 13

Q Wave

Answer 13

negative deflection represents interventricular septal depolarization.

Question 14

R Wave

Answer 14

large triangular shaped wave reflects depolarization of most of the ventricular walls.

Question 15

S wave

Answer 15

the final depolarization of ventricular wall.

Question 16

J Point

Answer 16

where the QRS complex ends and the ST segment starts.

Question 17

Structure where repolarization of the ventricles are created

Answer 17

T wave

Question 18

Interval represents atrial depolarization

Answer 18

PR interval

Question 19

A resting 12 lead ECG

Answer 19

Uses 10 electrodes and lead wires

Question 20

Lead I is created by

Answer 20

Right arm to left arm

Question 21

Lead II is created by

Answer 21

Right arm and left leg

Question 22

Standard leads

Answer 22

Created from a measurement of current traveling from a negative pole to the positive pole.

Question 23

Augmented leads

Answer 23

Provide information on the vertical or frontal plane of the heart. These unipolar leads are augmented or increased in size on the tracing. Augmented leads use the right arm (RA), left arm (LA) and left leg (LL) electrodes.

Question 24

Horizontal lines on EKG paper

Answer 24

measure the time

Question 25

When the paper speed is set at 25 mm/second

Answer 25

each small box is 0.04 second and each large box equals 0.2 second.

Question 26

To determine the width and time of the waveform

Answer 26

count the small boxes horizontally from the start to the finish of the wave

Question 27

Electrodes are single-use disposable adhesive tabs

Answer 27

placed on the skin

Question 28

The skin is

Answer 28

a poor conductor of electricity

Question 29

Electrodes contain an electrolyte gel

Answer 29

that helps pick up the electrical impulses

Question 30

As the impulses make their way to the surface of the body

Answer 30

the electrolyte gel helps to conduct the impulses into the lead wires

Question 31

Chart speed

Answer 31

regulates the speed of the paper during the recording - 25 mm/s for a very fast rate: increase speed to 50 mm/s for a very slow rate: reduce rate to 5 or 10 mm/s

Question 32

Gain or sensitivity

Answer 32

regulates height (amplitude) of the tracing

Question 33

Default chart speed

Answer 33

25 mm/s

Question 34

V1

Answer 34

red - fourth intercostal space (ICS) - right sternal edge

Question 35

V2

Answer 35

yellow - fourth ICS - left sternal edge

Question 36

V3

Answer 36

green - midway between V2 and V4

Question 37

V4

Answer 37

blue - fifth ICS midclavicular line

Question 38

V5

Answer 38

orange - same horizontal plane as V4 at the anterior axillary line

Question 39

V6

Answer 39

purple - same horizonal plane as V4 - midaxillary line

Question 40

Dextrocardia

Answer 40

place chest electrodes on the right side of the chest using the same ICS spacing and landmarks. Switch right and left limb lead wires.

Question 41

Wandering baseline

Answer 41

Upward and downward movement of the waveform and the isoelectric lines shift locations

Question 42

Interrupted baseline

Answer 42

looks normal at the beginning, but then goes all over when the electrical connection is interrupted.

Question 43

Somatic tremor

Answer 43

involuntary and voluntary movement

Question 44

AC interference

Answer 44

electrical interference

Question 45

Heart block

Answer 45

disruption or a slowing of the electrical impulse through the heart

Question 46

Bachmann's bundle

Answer 46

a specialized intermodal tract that takes the impulse to the left atrium

Question 47

Isoelectric line

Answer 47

a period of time on an ECG with no electrical activity.

Question 48

Lead III

Answer 48

Left leg to left arm

Question 49

Lead II

Answer 49

Right arm to left leg

Question 50

Lead I

Answer 50

Right arm to left arm

Question 51

Chest electrode that is placed on the same horizontal plane as V4 at the midaxillary line

Answer 51

V6

Question 52

Artifact that occurs if electrodes are placed on bony areas or with breathing movement

Answer 52

Wandering baseline

Question 53

Dirty or dried or expired electrodes

Answer 53

Wandering baseline

Question 54

Turning on the baseline filter will help decrease this type of artifact

Answer 54

Wandering baseline

Question 55

Cell phones will make this type of artifact

Answer 55

AC interference

Question 56

Help patient relax Remind the patient to not move or talk Watch to see if there is a pattern with involuntary movement

Answer 56

Somatic tremor

Question 57

Normal rhthym

Answer 57

sinus rhythm

Question 58

No Viagra, Cialis or Levitra for 48 hours No smoking or caffeine or alcohol for 3 hours Patient signs consent

Answer 58

Exercise stress test