Principles Of Flight

Question 1

What is Speed?

Answer 1

The rate of change of distance

Question 2

What is mass

Answer 2

The quantity of matter

Question 3

1kg = … lbs

Answer 3

2.2lbs

Question 4

What is acceleration?

Answer 4

Rate of change of velocity (m/s^2)

Question 5

What is a force?

Answer 5

A push/pull reaction
mass x acceleration

Question 6

What is weight?

Answer 6

Force exerted on a body by gravity
mass x gravity (g=9.81m/s^2)

Question 7

What is Density?

Answer 7

Mass per unit volume
mass/volume

Question 8

What is pressure?

Answer 8

Force per unit area
Force/Area

Question 9

What is Energy?

Answer 9

Capacity for doing work
force x distance

Question 10

What is Power?

Answer 10

(force x distance) / time

Question 11

Newtons 1st law

Answer 11

Body remain at rest unless acted upon by external force

Question 12

Newtons 2nd law

Answer 12

Acceleration experienced by a body is proportional to force applied and inversely proportional to mass

Question 13

Newtons 3rd law

Answer 13

equal/opposite recation

Question 14

Air properties

Answer 14

Incompressible fluid
little/no cohesion between air molecules (friction)

Question 15

What is air density effected by?

Answer 15

Humidity
Temperature
Pressure

Question 16

good performance occurs when density is … We get tihis with…

Answer 16

High

Low humidity
Cold temperature
High pressure (low pressure altitude)

Question 17

What is static pressure?

Answer 17

Pressure felt by an object due to mass of column of air its in

Question 18

What direction is static pressure felt in?

Answer 18

All directions
At right angles to object surface

Question 19

How do you measure static pressure?

Answer 19

Static port

Question 20

What happens when the air is fed into the static port chamber?

Answer 20

Changes in static pressure causes aneroid capsule to compress/expand
Compress - high sp
expand - low sp

Question 21

Answer 21

Question 22

What is Dynamic Pressure?

Answer 22

Pressure felt due to motion through an airmass

Question 23

What direction is Dynamic pressure felt in?

Answer 23

Acts from one particular angle

Question 24

Total Pressure equation

Answer 24

Static pressure + Dynamic Pressure
Ptot = Pstat + q (Dynamic)

Question 25

Dynamic pressure equation

Answer 25

Question 26

How to measure Dynamic Pressure?

Answer 26

Pitot Probe

Question 27

How does the Pitot Tube work?

Answer 27

1. aligned with airflow (pressure datum) and collects Ptot pressure

Question 28

Pitot Tube explanation (~)

Answer 28

Static pressure in capsule/chmabere cancel out Ptot fed into capsule and tries to inflate

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

What does IAS stand for?

Answer 30

Indicated Air Speed

Question 31

What is IAS a measure of?

Answer 31

Dynamic Pressure

Question 32

Why do we use IAS?

Answer 32

Determines how effective wing is and if can produce enough lift to fly IAS gives us our speed relative to stall

Question 33

What are the IAS errors?

Answer 33

Instrument Postion Manoeuvre

Question 34

Instrument error

Answer 34

Instrument imperfections > wear/tear

Question 35

Position Error

Answer 35

Due to misalignment of pitot probe (can be tested/corrected) - pressure error

Question 36

Manoeuvre error

Answer 36

Change in pressure datum whilst manoeuvring - not correctable

Question 37

CAS stands for?

Answer 37

Calibrated Air Speed

Question 38

What is CAS

Answer 38

IAS corrected for instrument/position error If a/c has air data computer - will display CAS

Question 39

What is a compressibility error?

Answer 39

Air molecules compress in pitot probe > artificial rise in pressure Causes overhead a/c speed Insignificant below 300kts

Question 40

What is EAS?

Answer 40

Equivalent Airspeed CAS corrects for compressibility Not used by pilots - only used for a/c designers

Question 41

What is TAS?

Answer 41

How many air molecules are entering the pitot probe each second

Question 42

What are the 3 types of airflow?

Answer 42

Streamline Turbulent Vortex - 3D Airflow

Question 43

What is Bernoullis Theorem?

Answer 43

Sum of pressure energies of an incompressible fluid within a sreamtube

Question 44

What is the camber line?

Answer 44

A line equidistant apart between the upper and lower edges of the aerofoil