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Gov and Econ > Principles of Government Quiz > Flashcards

Principles of Government Quiz Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

4 Characteristics of a State

A
  1. Population
  2. Territory
  3. Soverignty
  4. Government
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2
Q

Sovereignty

A

Can govern yourself

Different types: in US we have popular sovereignty

Ex: Guam and Puerto Rico do not have sovereignty

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3
Q

The Force Theory

A

Person or small group claiming control

Imperialism

Revolutions

Type of origin of the state

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4
Q

The Evolutionary Theory

A

Type of origin of the state

Development of the state over time beginning from small families and clans

Head of family=head of government

Ex: European countries

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5
Q

The Divine Right Theory

A

Type of origin of the state

Creation of the state by God

Despotism: ruler hold absolute power

Ex: Saudi Arabia and Bahrain

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6
Q

Despotism

A

Ruler holds absolute power

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7
Q

Social Contract Theory

A

Type of origin of the state

Contract/agreement between the people and the government

Philosophers thought of this

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8
Q

Autocratic

A

Rule by one

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9
Q

Oligarchic

A

Rule by the few

Ex: Russia, china, saudi family, iran, and south africa in the 20th century

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10
Q

Democratic

A

Rule by the people/all

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11
Q

Two ways democracy is determined

A

Directly (referendium)

Elected officials

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12
Q

Aristocracy

A

Form of government which power is held by the nobility

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13
Q

Unitary Government

A

Single, central agency

Power dictated by central government, not states of regions

Ex: Great Britain

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14
Q

Federal Government

A

Power is divided between a central government and several regional governments

Each level has their own sets of laws, officials, and agencies

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15
Q

Confederate Government

A

Alliance between states

Limited central government (powers in the states)

Cooperation between states

Ex: European Union

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16
Q

Hobbes

A

Believed in absolute monarchy

Only kind of government that could solve problems because of the selfishness of man

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17
Q

Locke

A

Men are naturally free

We give up rights when we submit to government

Need revolution to fix government

Social contract

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18
Q

Montesquieu

A

Limit absolutism (belief in absolute philosophical principles)

Divide powers into branches

Did not believe that all people were equal

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19
Q

Rousseau

A

Humans are naturally free

Give up freedom when there is a government

Direct democracy

Man is born good, but corrupted by society

Believed in revolution

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20
Q

Voltaire

A

Believed the best form of government was a monarchy that was advised by philosophers

Thought the church and government were corrupt

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21
Q

Beccaria

A

Criminal law

Argued against the use of torture and other common abuses of justice

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22
Q

Wollstonecraft

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A

Education of woman

Woman should have same political rights as men

23
Q

Government

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A

Institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies

24
Q

Public policies

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A

all of the things a government decides to do

25
Legislative power
make law and frame public policies
26
Executive power
Power to execute, enforce, and administer law
27
Judicial Power
power to interpret laws, to determine their meaning, and to settle disputes
28
State
basically has all the characteristics of a state
29
Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
One vote regardless of state's size Could not tax Had no court system No trade regulation
30
What did the Articles of Confederation establish
Firm league of friendship between states Unicameral congress
31
Congress under the Articles of Confederation
Could make war Send and receive ambassadors Raise an army BORROW money from states
32
Type of atmosphere under Articles of Confederation
States began to fight with each other States printed own money and received own diplomats Economic chaos
33
Shay's Rebellion
Small farmers were beginning to lose their land and possessions for lack of payment of debt and taxes Initially, Daniel Shay led these farmers to force State judges to close their courts Next year, Shay tried to attack the federal arsenal
34
Result of Shay's Rebellion
Massachusetts legislature passed laws to ease the burden of debtors Showed things were not well in the Confederation
35
Maryland and Virgina
George Washington called Maryland and Virginia (fighting over trade) to Mount Vernon Negotiations went so well they called for a joint meeting of all the states to draft a new plan for the US
36
Annapolis
Joint meeting called by Maryland and Virgina did not go well only 5/13 states attended From here planned to have constitutional convention in Philadelphia
37
What did the framers choose to work in at the Constitutional convention?
Secrecy They did not want outside pressures
38
Virginia Plan
Called for a government with 3 branches State officers should take a vote to uphold the Union Bicameral (2 houses in Congress)
39
Who wrote the Virginia plan?
Largely the work of James Madison
40
What was a problem with the Virginia plan?
Representation in each house of congress was to be determined by State's population or wealth
41
Who presented the New Jersey plan?
William Patterson
42
New Jersey Plan
Wanted equal representation Wanted a plural executive Unicameral congress
43
Connecticut Compromise
Senate would be represented equally The lower house would be in relation to population
44
Problem before 3/5 Compromise
Large slave owning states wanted slaves to count as members of the population Small states without many slaves did not want this
45
3/5 Compromise
Slaves counted as 3/5 of a person when determining population This population count (3/5 slaves included) would also determine how much money you had to pay to Congress Southerners could count slaves, but they would have to pay for them
46
Problem Before the Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
Southerners worried that Congress would try to tax export duties which was mostly Southern tobacco Southerners also thought that congress would interfere with the slave trade
47
Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
Offered Southerners protection Congress forbidden to tax the export of goods Could not act on the slave trade for 20 years
48
Popular Sovereignty
People are the only source of governmental power Government governs with the consent of its people
49
Limited Government
Government is not all powerful Our government only has the authority that the people have given it Constitutionalism: government must obey the laws Government is not above the laws
50
Seperation of Powers
3 Branches that eliminate domination of one aspect of government Tied together by checks and balances
51
Judicial Review/ Independent Judiciary
Protect against abuses of the system by self-interested parties Supreme Court as well as inferior courts Declare government actions unconstitutional
52
Marbury vs. Madison
Established Judicial Review
53
Individual Rights
Role of individual rights within the Constitution Bill of Rights
54
Federalism
Division of power among a central government and several other regional governments Meant to build an effective National government while preserving the states COMPROMISE

Gov and Econ (13 decks)

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