Principles Of Heat

Question 1

What is temperature

Answer 1

Objective comparative of hot or cold

Question 2

Absolute zero on the kelvin , Celsius and Fahrenheit

Answer 2

Kelvin- 0
Celsius- -273
Far- -459

Question 3

Forms of energy

Answer 3

M. E. L. T. S 
Mechanical- moving parts
Electricical -movement of charged particles
Light- 
Thermal- heat energy 
Sound

Question 4

Types of energy

Answer 4

Potential- in storage and waiting to be used

Kinetic- being used as an object that’s in motion

Question 5

The thermal energy within an object is measures in

Answer 5

Joules

Question 6

Another measure of heat is

Answer 6

Calorie

Question 7

The heat energy needed to increase the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius is

Answer 7

Calorie

Question 8

Types of Heat transfer

Answer 8

Convection - transfer of thermal energy within a gas or liquid

Conduction-transfer of thermal energy by touch

Radiation- transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves

Question 9

Examples of conduction, convection and radion,

Answer 9

Conduc- ice packs , hot packs , paraffin
Convec- whirlpool, fluidotherapy , blood circulation
Radiation- diathermy, laser , infrared, uv therapy

Conversion-ultrasound, diathermy

Question 10

Skin blood flow is controlled by 2 neurotransmitter

Answer 10

Cholinergic

Noradrenergic

Question 11

Types of sensory receptors in sub epithelial

Answer 11

Cold
Warm
Pain

Question 12

Vasodilation is caused by

Answer 12

Release of bradykinin for relaxing smooth muscles

Question 13

Muscle relaxation occurs as a result of

Answer 13

Decreased firing rate of

Gamma efferents and alpha motor neuron

Question 14

In inflammatory phase heat isn’t used because

Answer 14

Heat increases blood flow into injured areas and increases the amount of swelling

Question 15

Use of thermotherapy

Answer 15

Indication , contradiction and precautions

Question 16

When to use indications thermotherapy

Answer 16

Subacute or chronic 
Limitation in rom and joint contracture
Hematoma 
Tissue healing
Before passive mobilization and exercise

Question 17

What are hot packs filled with

Answer 17

Hydrophilic silicate or sand

70 deg-75 deg

Question 18

Parafin bath technique

Answer 18

Immersion and glove tech

Question 19

To change the state of ice to heat what energy is used

Answer 19

Latent heat of fusion

Question 20

Most effective type of cold modality is

Answer 20

Ice packs

Question 21

Wich of the ice technique has higher chances for frost bites

Answer 21

Gel packs

Question 22

5 stages of cold

Answer 22

CPWAN

Cold. Pain. Warming. Aching. Numb.

Question 23

In cold whirpool baths what is the degree of Fahrenheit for total body and extremity

Answer 23

Extremity-// 50-60

Total body-65-80

Question 24

What is the most effective form of cryo for ligaments sprain and ankle sprain

Answer 24

Cytokinetics

Question 25

Therapeutic cold is most effective in?

Answer 25

Relieving pain and inhibition in acutely injured soft tissue to facilitate active exercise

Question 26

Therapeutic heat most effective in

Answer 26

Decreasing general soreness and prepare soft tissues for stretching and joint mobilization

Question 27

Precautions in cryotherapy

Answer 27

Circulatory insufficiency Cold allergy Advanced diabetes

Question 28

Precautions in thermotherapy

Answer 28

``` Pregnancy Multiple sclerosis Diabetes melitus Spinal cord injuries Rheumatoid disease ```

Question 29

Sound waves are …….. constituting of ……. And……….

Answer 29

Longitudinal.. compression….. rarefraction