Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&D - HNS > Principles of Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Principles of Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the coronal plane?

A

Plane that divides anterior from posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is sagittal or median plane?

A

Plane that is medial to show 2 lateral parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is transverse or horizontal plane?

A

Plane that divides superior from inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is meant by medial?

A

Closer to middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is meant by lateral?

A

Closer to sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is meant by dorsal?

A

Refers to back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is meant by ventral?

A

Refers to the front or abdominal region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do dorsal + ventral differ between brain + spinal chord? Why?

A

Axis shifts for brain because humans walk upright:
Dorsal = superior portion of brain
Ventral = inferior portion of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is meant by rostral?

A

Towards the nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is meant by caudal?

A

Towards the tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do rostral + caudal differ between brain + spinal chord? Why?

A

Axis shifts for brain because humans walk upright:
Dorsal = anterior portion of brain
Ventral = posterior portion of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 2 subdivisions of the nervous system?

A

→ central

→ peripheral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the CNS consist of?

A

Brain + spinal chord

→ contains majority of nerve cell bodies + synaptic connections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the PNS consist of?

A

All of the nerve fibres that originate from the CNS

→ is the link between CNS and periphery of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the subdivisions of the PNS?

A

→ somatic

→ autonomic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the somatic nervous system do?

A

Voluntary control of skeletal muscles + detection of changes in the external environment

17
Q

What does the automatic nervous system do?

A

Involuntary control of automatic processes + detection of changes of the viscera

18
Q

What are the 2 subdivisions of the ANS?

A

→ sympathetic

→ parasympathetic

19
Q

What is the purpose of the sympathetic nervous system?

A

Acts to stimulate + mobilise energy eg flight or fight response

20
Q

What is the purpose of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

Acts to conserve energy eg rest + digest processes

21
Q

What are afferent neurones?

A

Sensory neurones - Carry info from peripheral receptors to the CNS

22
Q

What are efferent neurones?

A

Motor neurones - Carry impulses away from the CNS

23
Q

What is grey matter?

A

Nerve cell bodies (e.g. central portion of spinal chardlt surface of cerebral hemisphere)

24
Q

What is white matter?

A

Nerve processes - often myelinated axons

25
Q

What is a nuclei?

A

Nerve cell bodies W/ similar anatomical connections + functions located together in a group

26
Q

What is a nervous tract?

A

Nerve processes w/ com mon connections + functions running in pathways or tracts.

27
Q

What are the 3 general divisions of the brain?

A

→ midbrain
→ forebrain
→ hindbrain

28
Q

What does the midbrain do?

A

→ Helps regulate movement
→ process auditory + visual info
→ connects forebrain + hindbrain

29
Q

What does the forebrain consist of?

A

Cerebral hemispheres + diencephalon

30
Q

What does the forebrain do?

A

→ Processes sensory info
→ helps W/ reasoning +’ problem-solving
→ regulates autonomic + endocrine + motor functions

31
Q

What does hindbrain consist of? What does it do?

A

→ helps to regulate autonomic functions + relay sensory information, coordinate movement + maintain balance + equilibrium
→ medulla + pos + midbrain

32
Q

What is the cerebral cortex?

A

The surface of the 2 cerebral hemispheres

33
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex?

A

→ frontal
→ parietal
→ temporal
→ occipital

34
Q

What does the frontal lobe do?

A

the higher functions e. g. decision-making + reasoning + planning + intelligence + attention + language processing + consciousness of emotion + voluntary motor control.

35
Q

What does the parietal lobe do?

A

responsible for sensation + awareness of surroundings + concerned w/ orientation (contains primary somatosensory cortex )

36
Q

What does the occipital lobe do?

A

processes the visual sensory information (contains the

visual cortex)

37
Q

What does the temporal lobe do?

A

too much! but contains hippocampus + amygdala, Wernicke’s area, auditory cortex, etc.

A&D - HNS (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions