Principles of Nutrition

Question 1

What is kwashiorkor?

Answer 1

extreme protein deficiency

Question 2

what is marasmus ?

Answer 2

extreme calorie deficiency

Question 3

what is secondary malnutrition?

Answer 3

condition that prevents proper digestion or absorption i.e) loss of appetite, alteration of normal metabolism, prevention of nutrient absorption, diversion to parasites

Question 4

what differentiates macronutrients vs. micronutrients?

Answer 4

macronutrient = required in large quantities like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins - they are energy yielding

micronutrients = required in small quantities like vitamins, minerals - they are regulator nutrients

Question 5

what are the essential amino acids?

Answer 5

Histidine (conditional) 
leucine
isoleucine
lysine
methionine
phenylalanine
threonine
tryptophan 
valine

Question 6

what are the water soluble vitamins we require?

Answer 6

Vitamin C, Vitamin B

Question 7

how many Kj in each Kcal ?

Answer 7

4.2kJ= 1kcal

Question 8

what is the basal metabolic rate?

Answer 8

it is the amount of energy consumed by a person at rest, awake, in a thermo-neutral environment, 12 hours after the last meal. - the energy required to carry out normal body functions
about 24kcal per kg of weight per day

Question 9

what is the recommended caloric intake for men and women per day?

Answer 9

male = 2800 kcal/day 
female = 2100 kcal/day

Question 10

how do you calculate your daily energy expenditure?

Answer 10

DEE- BMR+ physical activity + DIT(diet induced thermogenesis)