Private Pilot

Question 1

What are the most important weather variables to consider before you make your go-no-go decision?

1. Visibility, winds, and cloud cover.
2. The seasons of the year—especially winter and summer.
3. Crosswinds, humidity, and air temperature.

Answer 1

Visibility, winds, and cloud cover.

Question 2

During the summer months, what situation might cause you to delay a lesson?

1. A visibility of 3 to 5 miles.
2. The presence of local thunderstorms.
3. High atmospheric pressure over the area.

Answer 2

The presence of local thunderstorms.

Question 3

As a student pilot you will be flying via?

1. GFR (Good Flight Rules)
2. VFR (Visual Flight Rules).
3. IFR (Instrument Flight Rules)

Answer 3

VFR (Visual Flight Rules)

Question 4

When is aircraft performance at its peak?

1. During the hot, humid days of summer.
2. The cold, crisp air of winter.
3. When flying at an altitude of 10,000 feet or more.

Answer 4

The cold, crisp air of winter

Question 5

How would you define a “ceiling”?

1. The lowest broken or overcast cloud layer that covers the sky.
2. Any cloud cover along your route of flight.
3. The base of the cloud cover.

Answer 5

The lowest broken or overcast cloud layer that covers the sky.

Question 6

What are the four forces acting on an airplane in flight?

1. Lift, gravity, power, and friction.
2. Lift, weight, thrust, and drag.
3. Lift, weight, gravity, and thrust.

Answer 6

Lift, weight, thrust, and drag.

Question 7

How does a wing create lift?

1. The length of a wing’s chord is the principle cause of lift.
2. The air pressing on the bottom of the wing is the major cause of a wing’s ability to lift.
3. The curved top surface of the wing increases air velocity and is the major source of lift.

Answer 7

The curved top surface of the wing increases air velocity and is the major source of lift.

Question 8

To climb or descend in an airplane the pilot does what?

1. Pushes the rudder pedals enabling the airplane to climb or descend.
2. Moves the yoke back and forward causing the ailerons to move up and down.
3. Moves the yoke back and forward which moves the elevator up and down.

Answer 8

Moves the yoke back and forward which moves the elevator up and down.

Question 9

What is the purpose of the airplane’s rudder?

1. It is the normal way to turn the airplane.
2. Its only function is to counteract the adverse yaw when rolling into or out of a turn.
3. It helps the pilot hold altitude in the turn.

Answer 9

Its only function is to counteract the adverse yaw when rolling into or out of a turn.

Question 10

On landing, what is the advantage to using flaps?

1. Extending the flaps permit a steeper and slower approach.
2. The flaps help the pilot land on a specific spot on the runway.
3. Lowering the flaps helps to stabilize the airplane in a crosswind condition.

Answer 10

Extending the flaps permit a steeper and slower approach.

Question 11

Which of the following are considered aircraft flight instruments?

1. Magnetic compass, tachometer, and oil pressure gauge.
2. Turn coordinator, heading indicator and vertical speed indicator.
3. Oil temperature gauge, vacuum pressure, and fuel flow indicator.

Answer 11

Turn coordinator, heading indicator and vertical speed indicator.

Question 12

(Refer to figure) Which color identifies the normal airspeed operating range?

View Figure

1. The lower limit of the white arc to the upper limit of the green arc.
2. The green arc.
3. The white arc.

Answer 12

The green arc

Question 13

(Refer to figure) Altimeter 2 indicates

View Figure

1. 14,500 feet
2. 1,500 feet
3. 4,500 feet

Answer 13

14,500 feet

Question 14

What is the purpose of the airplane engine’s mixture control?

1. To speed up or slow down the airplane much like the gas pedal on your car.
2. It allows the oil to flow more quickly into the engine’s crankcase.
3. To regulate the ratio of fuel to air entering the fuel distribution system.

Answer 14

To regulate the ratio of fuel to air entering the fuel distribution system.

Question 15

The elevator trim control is rotated which way for nose down trim?

1. Is automatically controlled by the pilot’s movement of the yoke.
2. Is rotated forward for nose down trim.
3. Is rotated aft for nose down trim.

Answer 15

Is rotated forward for nose down trim.

Question 16

The order of operation regarding the strokes of a typical four-stroke per cycle airplane engine is:

1. Intake, compression, power, and exhaust.
2. Power, compression, intake, and exhaust.
3. Compression, intake, power, and exhaust.

Answer 16

1. Intake
2. Compression
3. Power
4. Exhaust

Question 17

Most of the heat caused by internal combustion is eliminated via:

1. The exhaust system.
2. Air directed around the engine by the use of engine baffles.
3. Oil circulating through the oil cooler.

Answer 17

The exhaust system.

Question 18

Engine lubrication oil performs three functions:

1. Carries foreign materials to the oil filter, coats moving parts, and maintains internal engine pressure.
2. Coats moving parts, cleans metal surfaces, and reduces engine noise.
3. Coats moving parts, dissipates heat, and filters foreign materials.

Answer 18

1. Coats moving parts
2. Dissipates heat
3. Filters foreign materials

Question 19

An aircraft engine features extra reliability because it has what?

1. Engine air baffles.
2. Dual magneto ignition system.
3. A five position ignition switch.

Answer 19

Dual magneto ignition system.

Question 20

Aviation fuel used in the Cessna training airplanes is colored…?

1. Clear or straw colored and is rated at 100 octane.
2. Blue and rated at 100 octane.
3. Green with a 90 octane rating.

Answer 20

Blue and rated at 100 octane.

Question 21

The Fuel pump system on a Cessna 172 uses:

1. An electric fuel pump only.
2. An engine-driven fuel pump only.
3. An electric auxiliary fuel pump and an engine-driven fuel pump.

Answer 21

An electric auxiliary fuel pump and an engine-driven fuel pump.

Question 22

In order for the propeller to pull the airplane along, the blades are:

1. Flat
2. Spiral-shaped
3. Twisted

Answer 22

Twisted

Question 23

The electrical system on the Cessna 172 uses:

1. An alternator to provide direct current to the system
2. A generator to produce electrical current
3. A 24 volt battery, which is the only electrical source necessary

Answer 23

An alternator to provide direct current to the system

Question 24

The preflight inspection begins when?

1. As you walk toward the airplane.
2. Only when the checklist is in hand.
3. While seated in the cockpit seat belt and harness set.

Answer 24

As you walk toward the airplane

Question 25

The required documents necessary to be onboard the airplane include: 1. Engine/airframe log, Airworthiness Certificate, and Owner’s Manual. 2. Registration, Engine/airframe log, and Owner’s Manual. 3. Airworthiness Certificate, Registration, and Operating Handbook.

Answer 25

1. **A**irworthiness Certificate 2. **R**egistration 3. **O**perating Handbook 4. **W**eight & Balance

Question 26

The left wing on a Cessna 172 is a mirror image of the right wing with the exception of: 1. Both wings have the identical additions, parts and structure. 2. Fuel vent and aileron trim tab. 3. The fuel vent, Pitot tube and stall warning sensor.

Answer 26

1. The fuel vent 2. Pitot tube 3. Stall warning sensor

Question 27

Before you begin the engine starting checklist be sure to do what first? 1. Lower the flaps. 2. Turn on all navigational lights to ensure visibility. 3. Set the parking brake and hold the foot pedal brakes.

Answer 27

Set the parking brake and hold the foot pedal brakes.

Question 28

Prior to starting the engine, set the fuel selector switch to: 1. Both 2. Left tank 3. Right tank

Answer 28

Both

Question 29

To use the throttle properly before starting the fuel-injected engine in a Cessna 172: 1. Open the throttle about one quarter of an inch. 2. Make sure the throttle is all the way out in the off position. 3. Pump the throttle three times to prime the engine.

Answer 29

Open the throttle about one quarter of an inch

Question 30

When should you turn on the beacon light? 1. Before you start the engine. 2. Only when you are on a taxiway. 3. While the engine is warming up.

Answer 30

Before you start the engine.

Question 31

On starting the engine, first check for: 1. The proper amount of vacuum pressure. 2. Oil temperature rising. 3. Oil pressure in the green after a few seconds.

Answer 31

Oil pressure in the green after a few seconds

Question 32

The proper way to initiate communication with ATC is to do which of the following? 1. Give your aircraft type, altitude, what you want to do. 2. Give your location, aircraft type, altitude, what you want to do, and if you have ATIS. 3. Give your location, aircraft type, color, and altitude.

Answer 32

1. Give your aircraft type, altitude, what you want to do. 2. **Give your location, aircraft type, altitude, what you want to do, and if you have ATIS.** 3. Give your location, aircraft type, color, and altitude.

Question 33

What are the four "Ws" of good radio communication? 1. Who you are calling, who you are, where you are, and when you will arrive. 2. Who you are calling, who you are, where you are, and what you want to do. 3. Who you are calling, who you are, when you will arrive, and what you want.

Answer 33

1. Who you are calling 2. Who you are 3. Where you are 4. What you want to do

Question 34

All U.S. registered aircraft numbers begin with an 'N', therefore... 1. For brevity, you do not need to include the 'N' in your transmission in the U.S. 2. Always say the 'N' on initial call up and eliminate it in subsequent transmissions. 3. Always say the 'N' when giving your aircraft number.

Answer 34

For brevity, you do not need to include the 'N' in your transmission in the U.S.

Question 35

The proper way to say the altitude 6,500 ft on the radio feet is: 1. Sixer thousand five hundred feet. 2. Sixty five hundred feet. 3. Six thousand fife hundred feet.

Answer 35

Six thousand fife hundred feet.

Question 36

Where can you find more information on good radio communication procedures? 1. By listening to LiveATC. 2. The Aeronautical Information Manual. 3. Federal Aviation Regulations.

Answer 36

The Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM)

Question 37

The 4Ws of radio communication are, in the proper sequence: 1. Who you are calling, Who you are, Where you are, and What you want. 2. Where you are, What you want, Who you are calling, and Who you are. 3. Who you are, Who you are calling, What you want, and Where you are.

Answer 37

1. Who you are calling 2. Who you are 3. Where you are 4. What you want

Question 38

How should you pronounce letters of the alphabet and numerals on the radio? 1. Do not use any phonetics, it may confuse other pilots. 2. By using your own phonetic alphabet that will make it more clear. For example, A for 'apple', and B for 'boy'. 3. By using the phonetic alphabet constructed by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

Answer 38

By using the phonetic alphabet constructed by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

Question 39

A UNICOM (Unified Communications) facility is available at...

Answer 39

Most nontowered airports

Question 40

The generic term for the radio channel to use at airports without an operating control tower is? 1. FSS 2. UNICOM 3. CTAF

Answer 40

CTAF

Question 41

How is time expressed in the aviation system? 1. Either as coordinated universal time, or local time zone. 2. Strictly military time. 3. It is always denoted in the local time zone.

Answer 41

Either as coordinated universal time, or local time zone.

Question 42

A good rule of thumb regarding your taxi speed is: 1. As fast as the taxi traffic will allow. 2. Never taxi over 20 mph. 3. No faster than a brisk walk.

Answer 42

No faster than a brisk walk.

Question 43

Airplane brakes are located where? 1. On the top of the rudder pedals. 2. On the bottom of the rudder pedals. 3. On the hand operated emergency brake only.

Answer 43

On the top of the rudder pedals.

Question 44

How do you turn the airplane to the right on the ground when taxiing? 1. Use a coordinated movement of both the control yoke and the right brake pedal. 2. Turn the control yoke to the right. 3. Use a combination of the right rudder pedal and brake on the top of the right rudder pedal.

Answer 44

Use a combination of the right rudder pedal and brake on the top of the right rudder pedal.

Question 45

When taxiing with a left quartering tailwind do which of the following? 1. Move the aileron fully right and push the control wheel forward. 2. Move the aileron fully left and push the control wheel forward. 3. Hold the aileron in the neutral position and pull the control wheel rearward.

Answer 45

Move the aileron fully right and push the control wheel forward. ## Footnote *This will out the left aileron up, blocking the wind*

Question 46

Runway numbers are determined from what? 1. The approach direction and its number is the magnetic direction of the runway. 2. The length of the runway. 3. The departure direction measured in its true heading.

Answer 46

The approach direction and its number is the magnetic direction of the runway.

Question 47

During the takeoff, the airplane has a tendency to what? 1. Turn to the left. 2. Fight the climb attitude and stay on the ground. 3. Turn to the right.

Answer 47

Turn to the left.

Question 48

The rudder has enough force to maintain directional control without the use of nosewheel steering when...? 1. When the movement of the trim tab is effective. 2. Only after the airplane is well established in the climb. 3. When the airplane reaches a liftoff speed.

Answer 48

The airplane reaches a liftoff speed.

Question 49

After takeoff, what is the minimum altitude you should reach before making a turn? 1. Any time after reaching 100 feet above the ground. 2. After you are at least 500 feet above the ground. 3. Immediately when the airplane crosses the end of the runway.

Answer 49

After you are at least 500 feet above the ground.

Question 50

The left turning tendency of an airplane in a climb is overcome by doing what? 1. By applying pressure with the left rudder. 2. By turning the yoke to the right. 3. The use of right rudder.

Answer 50

The use of right rudder.

Question 51

What is the proper way to depart the traffic pattern after takeoff? 1. Either straight out or on a 45° leg in the direction of pattern. 2. Straight out in the direction of the takeoff. 3. By making a right turn when reaching pattern altitude.

Answer 51

Either straight out or on a 45° leg in the direction of pattern.

Question 52

What are the four fundamentals of flight? 1. Taxiing, climbs, lift, and drag. 2. Turns, climbs, straight-and-level, and descents. 3. Straight-and-level, turns, lift, and thrust.

Answer 52

1. Turns 2. Climbs 3. Straight-and-level 4. Descents

Question 53

What is the position of the airplane relative to the horizon called? 1. The attitude 2. The pitch 3. Straight-and-level

Answer 53

The attitude

Question 54

What is the primary reference for attitude when looking **outside** the airplane? 1. The position of your wings to the ground. 2. The relation of the nose of the airplane to the sky. 3. The relationship between a point (s) on the airplane and the horizon.

Answer 54

The relationship between a point (s) on the airplane and the horizon.

Question 55

What is the primary reference for attitude when looking **inside** the airplane? 1. The altimeter 2. The position of the miniature airplane of the attitude indicator in relation to the horizon bar 3. The wings of the miniature airplane of the turn coordinator

Answer 55

The position of the miniature airplane of the attitude indicator in relation to the horizon bar.

Question 56

Which instrument(s) are used to verify and crosscheck the attitude of the airplane? 1. Attitude indicator. 2. Attitude indicator and turn coordinator. 3. Altimeter, heading indicator, airspeed indicator, and the turn coordinator.

Answer 56

1. Altimeter 2. Heading indicator 3. Airspeed indicator 4. Turn coordinator

Question 57

Turns are divided into three categories, which are? 1. Shallow, medium, and steep. 2. Turn to heading, 180 degree turns, and turns around a point. 3. Minimum, moderate, and maximum

Answer 57

1. Shallow 2. Medium 3. Steep

Question 58

In a turn, you must do what? 1. Use constant pressure on the rudder pedals to maintain the turn 2. Decrease the back pressure on the yoke 3. Apply back pressure on the elevator control

Answer 58

Apply back pressure on the elevator control

Question 59

In a medium banked turn, once the desired bank is achieved you should do what to the controls? 1. Neutralize the controls 2. Maintain aileron pressure in the direction of the turn 3. Relax the back pressure you are holding

Answer 59

Neutralize the controls

Question 60

When rolling out of a shallow banked turn, when should you begin your rollout? 1. Start your roll out when the heading indicator reaches your desired heading 2. Begin the roll out about 10 degrees before reaching your desired heading 3. Begin the roll out about 25 degrees before reaching your desired heading

Answer 60

Begin the roll out about 10 degrees before reaching your desired heading.

Question 61

You know when your turn is properly balanced—horizontal lift is equaled by centrifugal force, when...? 1. The ball slips to the side of the tube in the direction opposite the turn 2. The ball in the inclinometer stays in the center 3. The ball slips to the side of the tube in the direction of the turn

Answer 61

The ball in the inclinometer stays in the center.

Question 62

Flying the airplane on a constant heading and at a constant altitude is termed what? 1. Straight-and-level 2. Straight attitude 3. Neutral power and control pressure

Answer 62

Straight-and-level

Question 63

One way to determine if you are maintaining a constant attitude is to occasionally check what? 1. The tachometer 2. The altimeter 3. The vertical speed indicator

Answer 63

The altimeter

Question 64

To ensure that the airplane is laterally level, check what? 1. Visually check the relationship of the wings to the horizon 2. Make sure that the right wing is slightly farther above the horizon than the left wing 3. Check that the nose of the airplane remains at a constant distance from the horizon

Answer 64

Visually check the relationship of the wings to the horizon.

Question 65

The reference instruments for straight flight are what? 1. The attitude indicator, heading indicator, and turn coordinator 2. The airspeed indicator, heading indicator, and altimeter 3. The attitude indicator, vertical speed indicator, and the airspeed indicator

Answer 65

1. The attitude indicator 2. Heading indicator 3. Turn coordinator

Question 66

The airplane will gain altitude at a steady rate by applying what? 1. Pitch only 2. Power only 3. Pitch and power

Answer 66

Pitch & power

Question 67

Climbing turns should be made using what type of bank? 1. A shallow bank 2. A medium bank 3. A steep bank

Answer 67

A shallow bank

Question 68

During a prolonged glide, clear the engine by doing what? 1. Reducing the power all the way back to the full idle position 2. Increasing the power to about 1500 RPM 3. Using carburetor heat for a duration of 2 minutes

Answer 68

Increasing the power to about 1500 RPM.

Question 69

When you decide to level-off from a climb, start leveling off at how many feet before desired altitude? 1. Start the level-off 50 feet before your desired altitude 2. Start the level-off 10 feet before your desired altitude 3. Start the level-off when the altimeter indicates your desired altitude

Answer 69

Start the level-off 50 feet before your desired altitude

Question 70

The recommended glide speed is what? 1. Only used on final approach to landing 2. The speed that gives the greatest forward travel for the altitude lost 3. Achieved by reducing the power all the way back to idle

Answer 70

The speed that gives the greatest forward travel for the altitude lost.

Question 71

When flying along a road, the wind from the right will do what to the aircraft? 1. Will not affect the airplane's ground track 2. Will cause the airplane to drift to the left of the road 3. Will cause the airplane to drift to the right of the road

Answer 71

Will cause the airplane to drift to the left of the road

Question 72

In order to fly parallel next to a straight road with a crosswind coming from the side, you must do what? 1. Do nothing since the wind will not adversely affect your track across the ground 2. Point the nose of the aircraft away from the direction of the wind 3. Point the aircraft into the wind to offset its effect

Answer 72

Point the aircraft into the wind to offset its effect

Question 73

A line drawn from one point to another on a chart is called what? 1. The course 2. The track 3. The heading

Answer 73

The course

Question 74

The three types of ground reference maneuvers are what? 1. S turns, chandelles, and slow flight 2. Rectangular course, S-turns across a road, and turns around a point 3. Rectangular courses, straight-and-level flight, and chandelles

Answer 74

1. Rectangular course 2. S-turns across a road 3. Turns around a point

Question 75

Ground reference maneuvers are flown at what altitudes? 1. At lower altitudes— between 600 and 1,000 feet above the ground 2. At a minimum altitude of 2,500 feet MSL 3. No lower than 1,000 feet above the ground

Answer 75

At lower altitudes— between 600 and 1,000 feet above the ground

Question 76

An airplane flying in an uncongested area with persons, vessels, vehicles or structures nearby on the ground may not fly lower than what? 1. 500 feet above them 2. 1,000 feet above them 3. There is no altitude restriction in this situation

Answer 76

500 feet above them

Question 77

How far must you remain from large stadiums that are actively hosting a sporting event? 1. At least 5,000 feet above the stadium within a 1 mile radius from the stadium 2. 3,000 feet above the ground within a 3 miles radius from the stadium 3. At least 2,500 feet above the stadium within a 5 miles radius

Answer 77

3,000 feet above the ground within a 3 miles radius from the stadium ## Footnote *Remember they are both 3s (above and radius)*

Question 78

The rectangular course ground reference maneuver is very similar to what normal aviation procedure? 1. An engine out emergency landing scenario 2. An airport traffic pattern 3. An emergency landing situation

Answer 78

An airport traffic pattern

Question 79

The preferred entry into the rectangular course maneuver is what? 1. A 45 degree entry to the downwind leg 2. A straight in entry 3. A 90 degree entry to the upwind leg

Answer 79

A 45 degree entry to the downwind leg

Question 80

When flying the crosswind leg of a rectangular course the airplane must be what? 1. Crabbed away from the wind 2. Flown parallel to the ground reference 3. Crabbed into the wind

Answer 80

Crabbed into the wind

Question 81

In an internal combustion engine, the ratio of air to fuel is correct in the full rich position only at what altitude? 1. 10,000 feet MSL 2. Sea level 3. 5,000 feet MSL

Answer 81

Sea level

Question 82

As an airplane climbs, the fuel air mixture becomes what? 1. Remains the same 2. Richer 3. Leaner

Answer 82

Richer

Question 83

A mixture that is set too rich will do what? 1. Will create spark plug fouling 2. Will limit fuel flow to the engine 3. Will cause the engine to overheat

Answer 83

Will create spark plug fouling

Question 84

For best economy, lean the mixture to peak exhaust gas temperature (EGT) and do what? 1. Leave it set at peak EGT 2. Increase the peak EGT by 50 degrees 3. Reduce the peak EGT by 50 degrees

Answer 84

Leave it set at peak EGT

Question 85

The mixture must be reset whenever you change what? 1. Once set at the cruise altitude, there is no further need to change the mixture 2. Altitude or power 3. Direction

Answer 85

Altitude or power

Question 86

How do you set the mixture if your airplane has no EGT? 1. Lean till the engine temperature increases by 50 degrees 2. If your engine has no EGT there is no need to lean 3. Lean till the engine runs roughly and then enrich until the engine runs smoothly again

Answer 86

Lean till the engine runs roughly and *then* **enrich** until the engine **runs** **smoothly** again.

Question 87

Detonation occurs when...? 1. There is an explosive ignition of the fuel/air mixture within the cylinder’s combustion chamber 2. The temperature of the fuel/air mixture is too cool and no ignition of fuel occurs 3. When the fuel/air mixture ignites prior to the engine’s normal ignition point

Answer 87

There is an explosive ignition of the fuel/air mixture within the cylinder’s combustion chamber

Question 88

Preignition occurs when...? 1. The fuel/air mixture ignites prior to the engine’s normal ignition point 2. There is an explosive ignition of the fuel/air mixture within the cylinder’s combustion chamber 3. The temperature of the fuel/air mixture is too cool causing the fuel to ignite before the spark plugs are set to fire

Answer 88

The fuel/air mixture ignites prior to the engine’s normal ignition point

Question 89

The most reliable indicator of preignition is when you have what? 1. Loss of power 2. A decrease in engine temperature 3. An increase in RPMs

Answer 89

Loss of power

Question 90

What is induced drag? 1. The drag caused by the lifting upward force of the elevator 2. The drag caused by the fuselage and other protrusions disrupting the flow of air 3. The rearward retarding force caused by the wings creating lift

Answer 90

The rearward retarding force caused by the wings creating lift

Question 91

What is parasite drag? 1. The rearward retarding force caused by the wings creating lift 2. The drag caused by the fuselage and other protrusions disrupting the flow of air 3. The drag caused by the lifting upward force of the elevator

Answer 91

The drag caused by the fuselage and other protrusions disrupting the flow of air

Question 92

What is meant by angle of attack? 1. How quickly the airplane is climbing 2. The angle between the chord line and the relative wind 3. Any increase in pitch attitude of the airplane

Answer 92

The angle between the chord line and the relative wind

Question 93

What is the **critical** angle of attack? 1. The point at which the wing will stall 2. The pitch angle that will create the best climb performance 3. The angle of attack that will achieve the greatest climb speed at a given altitude

Answer 93

The point at which the wing will stall

Question 94

Wingtip vortices are the result of what? 1. Relative wind 2. Lift 3. Aircraft weight

Answer 94

Lift

Question 95

As the airplane slows down in flight, the angle of attack must be: 1. Increased to maintain altitude 2. Decreased to prevent a stall 3. Decreased to maintain altitude

Answer 95

Increased to maintain altitude

Question 96

How does an airplane’s wing design prevent a completely stalled condition? 1. It has a high-speed airfoil design at the wing tip 2. The smoothness of its surface helps prevent a stall 3. The wing is twisted from root to tip allowing the tip to have a lower angle of attack

Answer 96

The wing is twisted from root to tip allowing the tip to have a lower angle of attack

Question 97

What factors cause the airplane to turn to the left in a nose high attitude? 1. Both of the other two answers are correct 2. Engine torque and spiraling slipstream 3. Gyroscopic precession and asymmetrical propeller loading

Answer 97

1. **Both of the other two answers are correct.** 2. Engine torque and spiraling slipstream. 3. Gyroscopic precession and asymmetrical propeller loading

Question 98

Slow flight is taught in order to familiarize you with what? 1. Landing on a grass field 2. The feel and sounds of an approaching stall 3. Low speed engine management

Answer 98

The feel and sounds of an approaching stall

Question 99

In order to maintain altitude at a slower airspeed, the angle of attack must what? 1. Be decreased 2. Be increased 3. Remain the same

Answer 99

Be increased

Question 100

Induced drag increases when airspeed is what? 1. Increased 2. Decreased 3. Increased by a factor of two

Answer 100

Decreased

Question 101

Parasite drag increases when airspeed is what? 1. Decreased 2. Increased 3. Parasite drag always remains constant

Answer 101

Increased

Question 102

In a turn at slow flight speed, you must do what? 1. No power change is necessary to maintain altitude 2. Decrease power to maintain altitude 3. Add power to maintain altitude

Answer 102

Add power to maintain altitude

Question 103

The use of flaps in slow flight may be used to what? 1. Should never be used in slow flight 2. May be used to demonstrate their slow speed handling characteristics 3. Can only be deployed up to ten degrees

Answer 103

Demonstrate their slow speed handling characteristics

Question 104

Extending the flaps will do what to stall speed? 1. Allows for more stable control in a slow flight condition 2. Increases the stalling speed 3. Lowers the stalling speed

Answer 104

Lowers the stalling speed

Question 105

Power-off stalls are also called what type of stalls? 1. Approach to landing stalls 2. Departure stalls 3. High power stalls

Answer 105

Approach to landing stalls

Question 106

In an imminent stall, when is recovery made? 1. You immediately put the airplane in a spin configuration 2. Recovery is held off until the aircraft is in a complete stall 3. Recovery is initiated at the first sign of the stall

Answer 106

Recovery is initiated at the first sign of the stall

Question 107

When practicing full stalls allow the stall to progress until...? 1. Allow the stall to progress until you have full up elevator and nose down pitching 2. Recover immediately before you have full up elevator pressure 3. Complete the stall by initiating a moderate dive

Answer 107

Allow the stall to progress until you have full up elevator and nose down pitching

Question 108

Stalls are primarily caused by what? 1. Rough handling of the controls 2. Change in the wind direction and speed 3. An excessive angle of attack

Answer 108

An excessive angle of attack

Question 109

The objective for doing stalls is: 1. Both of the other two answers are correct 2. To learn how to recover to normal flight 3. To learn how to avoid them

Answer 109

1. **Both of the other two answers are correct** 2. To learn how to recover to normal flight 3. To learn how to avoid them

Question 110

What is the minimum recovery altitude when practicing stalls? 1. 1,500 feet above the ground 2. 800 feet above the ground 3. 5,000 feet AGL

Answer 110

1,500 feet above the ground (1,500 AGL)

Question 111

Stall recovery is made by...? 1. By lowering the nose and simultaneously adding full power 2. By lowering the nose and retarding the throttle to idle 3. By maintaining the nose attitude and adding full power

Answer 111

By lowering the nose and simultaneously adding full power

Question 112

A turning power-off stall should be made at how many degrees of bank? 1. 30 degrees of bank 2. 20 degrees of bank 3. 45 degrees of bank

Answer 112

20 degrees of bank

Question 113

What do you need to do to perform a power-on stall? 1. Slow to rotation speed, add takeoff power, and raise the nose to an attitude above what's required for a normal climb 2. Lower the nose, increase speed, and then begin a normal climb 3. Slow to rotation speed, maintain present power setting, and raise nose to begin climb

Answer 113

1. Slow to rotation speed 2. Add takeoff power 3. Raise the nose to an attitude above what's required for a normal climb

Question 114

To recover from a power-on stall, you must... 1. Add full power and lower the pitch attitude 2. Add full power and climb 3. Lower the pitch attitude to slightly below level flight

Answer 114

Lower the pitch attitude to slightly below level flight

Question 115

To prevent the airplane from rolling in a stall, you must... 1. Add sufficient aileron pressure opposite the turn 2. Slowly add right rudder until the pedal hits the floor 3. Keep the ball centered throughout the maneuver

Answer 115

Keep the ball centered throughout the maneuver

Question 116

The factors that affect the angle of attack are what? 1. Load factor, thrust, and pitch attitude 2. Airspeed, weight, and load factor 3. Thrust, drag, and weight

Answer 116

1. Airspeed 2. Weight 3. Load factor

Question 117

The load factor on an airplane increases with: 1. Flying steep turns and making abrupt changes in airplane attitude 2. Any moderate change in pitch attitude, increase in weight, and steep turns 3. Increase in weight, an increase in power, and any moderate pitch change

Answer 117

Flying steep turns and making abrupt changes in airplane attitude

Question 118

Whenever possible, always enter the traffic pattern at what altitude? 1. Slightly below pattern altitude to better see other airplanes 2. At pattern altitude 3. In a descending entry into the pattern

Answer 118

At pattern altitude

Question 119

The recommended entry into the airport traffic pattern is what? 1. A 45 degree angle into the downwind leg 2. A straight-in entry to the crosswind leg 3. A straight-in entry to the downwind leg

Answer 119

A 45 degree angle into the downwind leg

Question 120

The pre-landing checklist items include what? 1. Fuel selector on both, controls moving freely, and mixture lean 2. Seats and seat belts secured, fuel selector on both, and mixture full rich 3. Seats adjusted and secure, controls moving freely, and transponder on

Answer 120

1. Seats and seat belts secured 2. Fuel selector on both 3. Mixture full rich * *landing light on* * *carb heat on*

Question 121

When flying the airport pattern legs, it’s a good practice to what? 1. To remain about two miles parallel to each leg 2. To fly at cruise airspeed 3. To fly close enough to the runway to be able to land if you lose engine power

Answer 121

To fly close enough to the runway to be able to land if you lose engine power

Question 122

The turn from downwind to base leg should occur when? 1. Should occur when you are approximately one mile from the intended touchdown point 2. Should occur when the intended touchdown point is approximately 45 degrees behind the wing 3. Should occur when the intended touchdown point is even with the tip of your wing

Answer 122

Should occur when the intended touchdown point is approximately 45 degrees behind the wing

Question 123

On final approach, one of the fixed values you should maintain is what? 1. The approach speed 2. Your desired flap setting 3. Your crab angle

Answer 123

The approach speed

Question 124

During the approach, align the aiming point on the runway to a place on the windshield. If the windshield mark stays on the aiming point then it means you are what? 1. You are above the glidepath 2. You are on the glidepath 3. You are below the glidepath

Answer 124

You are on the glidepath

Question 125

During landing you should always try to touch down in what kind of attitude? 1. On all three wheels at once 2. In a nose high attitude 3. First on the nose wheel then on the main gear

Answer 125

In a **nose** **high** attitude

Question 126

Just before touchdown, the airplane is what? 1. Is stalled about one foot above the runway 2. Must be crabbed into the wind 3. Must accelerate in order to land without stalling

Answer 126

Is stalled about one foot above the runway

Question 127

An aircraft always, when possible, takes off how, realtive to the wind? 1. With full flaps 2. With the wind 3. Into the wind

Answer 127

Into the wind

Question 128

With a left quartering crosswind, you takeoff with with you ailerons in what position? 1. The right aileron up—control wheel positioned fully to the right 2. The left aileron up—control wheel positioned fully to the left 3. The left aileron up—control wheel positioned fully to the right

Answer 128

The left aileron up—control wheel positioned fully to the left * **Headwinds**, turn *into* it * **Tailwinds**, turn *out* of it

Question 129

With a left quartering crosswind, you takeoff with what type of takeoff speed? 1. A higher than normal takeoff speed 2. A lower than normal takeoff speed 3. A normal takeoff speed

Answer 129

A **higher** than normal takeoff speed.

Question 130

Immediately after liftoff in a crosswind, keep the airplane in a what? 1. Allow the airplane to crab into the wind 2. Neutralize the controls for a normal takeoff 3. Keep the airplane in a sideslip

Answer 130

Keep the airplane in a sideslip

Question 131

After takeoff and established in a climb, when the airplane is well above the runway... 1. Allow the airplane to crab into the wind 2. Keep the airplane in a sideslip 3. Neutralize the controls for a normal takeoff

Answer 131

Allow the airplane to crab into the wind

Question 132

Which crosswind landing technique is best for landing without causing a side load on the gear? 1. The sideslip 2. The crab 3. Neither method is appropriate for landing in a crosswind

Answer 132

The sideslip

Question 133

At touchdown, the sideslip is held...? 1. Throughout the landing procedure 2. Until the upwind gear touches the runway 3. Until the airplane is approximately one foot above the runway

Answer 133

Until the upwind gear touches the runway

Question 134

With experience in crosswind landing conditions, in order to compensate for drift, use what to compensate for drift? 1. Use only the sideslip method to land 2. Use only the crab method to land 3. Use both a crab and then a sideslip to compensate for drift

Answer 134

Use both a crab and then a sideslip to compensate for drift.

Question 135

The key to setting up a landing on final approach is your ability to do what? 1. Using the proper degree of flaps on base leg 2. To properly initiate either the crab or slip on final 3. Your ability to properly judge the turn from base leg to final

Answer 135

Your ability to properly judge the turn from base leg to final

Question 136

If you land without the use of flaps, the approach will be what? 1. Faster and shallower 2. Slower and shallower 3. Slower and steeper

Answer 136

Faster and shallower

Question 137

The purpose of the forward slip is to do what? 1. Create a high rate of descent 2. Hold the airplane on the centerline of the runway 3. To counteract a crosswind

Answer 137

Create a high rate of descent

Question 138

In a go-around situation, how should flaps be retracted? 1. Leave the flaps in their original position 2. Retract the flaps a little at a time 3. Quickly retract all the flaps at one time

Answer 138

Retract the flaps a **little** at a time

Question 139

Whenever you are in doubt about a landing you should do what? 1. Add full power and lower the nose 2. Go-around for another try 3. Retard the throttle and use a forward slip to quickly lose altitude

Answer 139

Go-around for another try

Question 140

If an airport has both UNICOM and CTAF frequencies and you want information regarding the airport or FBO services you should call on what frequency? 1. Call the local ATC center 2. Call on the airport's CTAF frequency 3. Call on the UNICOM frequency

Answer 140

Call on the UNICOM frequency

Question 141

When landing at a pilot-controlled airport, it's a good idea to announce your position, when? 1. Downwind only 2. Final only 3. When approaching the airport and on each leg of the pattern

Answer 141

When approaching the airport and on each leg of the pattern

Question 142

Select the best statement regarding communications and position reporting at non-towered airports: 1. Radio position reports are only necessary when there are other aircraft in the pattern 2. Radio position reports are mandatory when entering each leg of the pattern 3. Radio position reports are not mandatory, but are encouraged for a safer environment in and near the traffic pattern

Answer 142

* A. Radio position reports are only necessary when there are other aircraft in the pattern. * B. Radio position reports are mandatory when entering each leg of the pattern. * **C. Radio position reports are not mandatory, but are encouraged for a safer environment in and near the traffic pattern.**

Question 143

CTAF is an acronym for Common Traffic Advisory Frequency and allows what? 1. It is used for communication with FSS 2. It allows pilots to communicate with an air traffic control tower 3. It allows pilots to communicate their intentions in the environment of a pilot-controlled airport

Answer 143

It allows pilots to communicate their intentions in the environment of a pilot-controlled airport.

Question 144

Many airports in the U.S. have automated weather information available, depending on their complexity, the facility may be classified as what three types? 1. An ASOS, AWOS or UNICOM system 2. An ASOS or AMOS system 3. An ASOS, AWOS or the newer AWSS system

Answer 144

An... 1. ASOS 2. AWOS 3. AWSS

Question 145

When is wake turbulence the strongest? 1. Behind slow, fast airplanes during take off or landing 2. Behind large, slow airplanes during take off or landing 3. Behind large, fast airplanes during take off or landing

Answer 145

Behind large, slow airplanes during take off or landing.

Question 146

When does wake turbulence become and remain a hazard? 1. During taxi, and remains a hazard until the airplane rotates 2. Just after engine start, and remains a hazard until takeoff power is applied 3. When an airplane rotates for takeoff, and remains a hazard until the airplane lands

Answer 146

When an airplane rotates for takeoff, and remains a hazard until the airplane lands

Question 147

Wake turbulence strength is determined by: 1. Wing shape, speed, and weight of the airplane 2. Fuselage shape, speed, and weight of the airplane 3. Strictly the speed and angle of attack

Answer 147

Wing shape, speed, and weight of the airplane

Question 148

Wake turbulence vortices tend to descend at about how many feet and level off at how many feet? 1. Stay level behind the generating airplane 2. Descend about 400-500 feet per minute, and level off about 900 feet below the flight path of the generating airplane 3. Climb about 400-500 feet per minute, and level off about 900 feet above the flight path of the generating airplane

Answer 148

Descend about 400-500 feet per minute, and level off about 900 feet below the flight path of the generating airplane

Question 149

You are following behind a large airplane to land on the same runway. Where should you land? 1. Stay above the large airplane's flight path, and touch down beyond where the large aircraft landed 2. Stay in the large airplane's flight path, and touch down before where the large aircraft landed 3. Stay below the airplane's flight path, and touch down after where the large aircraft landed

Answer 149

Stay above the large airplane's flight path, and touch down beyond where the large aircraft landed

Question 150

You are landing on a runway where another large airplane is departing. Where should you land? 1. Stay in ground effect until you can touch down beyond the point the aircraft rotated 2. Watch where it rotates, and land before that point 3. Watch where it rotates, and land beyond that point

Answer 150

Watch where it rotates, and land before that point.

Question 151

You are landing on a crossing runway behind a large departing airplane. You should be aware that the large aircraft rotates before the runway intersection...then what? 1. If the large aircraft rotates before the runway intersection, vortices will have been generated and flight under the large airplane's path should be avoided. 2. If the large aircraft rotates before the runway intersection, you will be safe from vortices as long as the departing aircraft climbs at a steep rate. 3. If the large aircraft rotates after the runway intersection, you still may be affected by low lying vortices.

Answer 151

If the large aircraft rotates before the runway intersection, vortices will have been generated and flight under the large airplane's path should be avoided.

Question 152

If taking off or landing behind a large aircraft, a safe way to avoid wake turbulence is to do what? 1. Asking the controller to allow at least three minutes prior to departing or landing behind a large airplane 2. Follow in the path of the large airplane, as wake turbulence tends to sink 3. There is no safe way to avoid wake turbulence, other than not flying near large aircraft

Answer 152

Asking the controller to allow at least three minutes prior to departing or landing behind a large airplane

Question 153

You are landing on the same runway behind a large airplane. What should you do? 1. Stay above the large airplane's flight path and note where it touches down. Land beyond that point. 2. Stay above the large airplane's flight path and note where it touches down. Land before that point. 3. Stay below the large airplane's flight path and note where it touches down. Land at that same point.

Answer 153

Stay above the large airplane's flight path and note where it touches down. Land beyond that point.

Question 154

While flying under visual conditions, to avoid wake turbulence in flight, you should do what? 1. Avoid flying behind and below a large aircraft, and if possible, adjust position laterally, towards the upwind. 2. Fly behind and below the large aircraft, and adjust position to stay downwind of the large aircraft path. 3. Avoid flying behind and below a large aircraft, and if possible, adjust position laterally, towards the downwind.

Answer 154

Avoid flying behind and below a large aircraft, and if possible, adjust position laterally, towards the upwind.