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Private Pilot > Private Pilot Stage 3 > Flashcards

Private Pilot Stage 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Hypoxia

A

Lack of Oxygen

-Symptoms: Euphoria, Headache, Slower Reaction Time, Impaired Judgement

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2
Q

Types of Hypoxia

A
  • Hypoxic: Lack of oxygen due to atmospheric conditions (High altitudes where air is thinner)
  • Hypemic: Inability to carry oxygen in blood cells (Blood loss, CO poisoning, Anemia)
  • Stagnant: Oxygen deficiency due to poor circulation of blood (Pulling excessive G’s)
  • Histotoxic: Inability for body to use the oxygen (Drugs, Alcohol)
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3
Q

Oxygen Requirements

A
  • Required for crew when flying between 12,500ft and 14,000ft MSL for >30 Minutes
  • Mandatory for Crew when flying above 14,000ft
  • Mandatory for crew and all passengers, must be provided above 15,000ft
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4
Q

Carbon Monoxide (CO) Poisoning

A
  • Colorless/Odorless gas
  • Important to detect symptoms of self, crew and passengers
  • Symptoms: Headache, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Confusion, Vomiting, Incapacitation, Convulsions
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5
Q

Cause of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

A

Cabin Heater

  • Many piston aircraft heat the cabin by air flowing over the manifold
  • Exhaust escaping through crack in manifold or seals allow exhaust fumes to mix with air and enter cabin
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6
Q

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Resolution

A
  • Turn heater off
  • Open windows
  • Tell ATC you suspect CO poisoning (Declare emergency)
  • Land as soon as possible
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7
Q

Hyperventilation

A
  • Rapid Breathing/Abnormal volume of air breathed in and out of lungs
  • Results in decrease of carbon dioxide(CO2) content in blood
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8
Q

Hyperventilation Causes

A
  • Stress
  • Panic
  • Anxiety
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9
Q

Hyperventilation Symptoms

A
  • Lightheadedness
  • Nausea
  • Suffocation
  • Tingling in fingers and toes
  • Rapid pulse and breathing rate
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10
Q

Hyperventilation Resolution

A
  • Talking loudly
  • Singing
  • Controlled breathing into a bag
  • Remove cause of stress/anxiety
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11
Q

Sinus Block

A

-Sinuses are most often affected by pressure changes
Air Pressure in sinuses equalize through small openings in the nasal passages during altitude changes.
-Differences in pressure from sinuses eventually plug the openings
-Sinus block most often occur in descents

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12
Q

Altitude Decompression Sickness

A
  • Pilots or passengers who intent to fly after SCUBA diving should allow enough time to rid themselves of excess nitrogen build up.
  • Recommended waiting times:
  • -Uncontrolled Ascent 12 hrs: flights up to 8,000ft MSL
  • -Uncontrolled Ascent 24 hrs: flights above 8,000ft MSL
  • -Controlled Ascent 24 hrs: flights any altitude
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13
Q

Hazardous Attitudes

A
  • Anti-Authority: Dont Tell Me
  • Impulsivity: Do something quickly
  • Invulnerability: It wont happen to me
  • Macho: I can do it
  • Resignation: What is the use?
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14
Q

Hazardous Attitude Antidotes

A
  • Anti-Authority: Follow the rules, they are usually right
  • Impulsivity: Not so fast, think first
  • Invulnerability: It could happen to me
  • Macho: Taking chances is foolish
  • Resignation: Im not helpless, I can make a difference
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15
Q

Night Time

A
  • Lights Required: Sunset to Sunrise
  • Logging Time: Civil Twilight(30 minutes after/before sunrise
  • Currency: 3 Takeoffs/Landings to a full stop 1 hour after sunset/before sunrise
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16
Q

Left Turning Tendencies

A
  • Torque
  • Spiraling Slipstream
  • Gyroscopic Precession
  • P-Factor
17
Q

Left Turning Tendencies: Torque

A
  • Force that causes and opposite reaction

- Propeller spins clockwise, airplane want to spin counterclockwise

18
Q

Left Turning Tendencies: Spiraling Slipstream

A

-Prop creates spiral of air that rotates around fuselage and hits the left side of the tail, causing aircraft to Yaw Left

19
Q

Left Turning Tendencies: Gyroscopic Precession

A

-A force applied is manifested 90 degrees ahead of the direction of rotation

20
Q

Left Turning Tendencies: P-Factor

A
  • In straight and level flight, both blades of prop have equal AoA
  • When in Climb, Descent, on blade has higher AoA than other, creating more lift to one side, thus yawing to that side
  • The Blade on the down moving side has a larger angle of attack, causing it to produce more thrust than the up moving side
21
Q

ATOMATOFLAMES

A
  • Airspeed Indicator
  • Tachometer
  • Oil Pressure Gauge
  • Manifold Pressure Gauge
  • Altimeter
  • Temperature Gauge
  • Oil Temperature Gauge
  • Fuel Level Gauge
  • Landing Gear Position Indicator
  • Anti-Collision Lights
  • Magnetic Compass
  • Emergency Location Transmitter
  • Seat Belts
22
Q

Types of Fog

A
  • Radiation
  • Advection
  • Upslope
  • Precipitation
  • Steam Fog
23
Q

Radiation Fog

A
  • Clear Skies
  • Low Winds
  • Small Temp/Dewpoint Spread
  • Surface cooled by radiation, adjacent air cooled to its dewpoint
24
Q

Advection Fog

A
  • Warm Moist Air Condensing as it moves across a cool surface
  • Along Coastlines
25
Q

Upslope Fog

A

-Warm moist air condensing as forced upslope terrain

26
Q

Precipitation Fog

A

-Warm rain falls through cool air

27
Q

Steam Fog

A
  • During winter when cold, dry air passes from land to warmer ocean air
  • (Sea Smoke)
28
Q

Types Of Clouds

A
  • Cirrus: Wispy
  • Stratus: Low Fluffy Clouds, Less Poufy
  • Cumulus: High Dense Clouds
  • Nimbus: Rain Clouds
29
Q

Higher Density Altitude Causes

A
  • Increase in True Altitude
  • Decrease In Pressure (in.Hg)
  • Increase in Temperature
30
Q

Lower Density Altitude Causes

A
  • Decrease in True Altitude
  • Increase in Pressure (in.Hg)
  • Decrease in Temperature
31
Q

Reduced Aircraft Performance Caused by Density Altitude

A
  • Hotter Temp
  • Low Pressure System
  • High Humidity
  • Higher Altitude
32
Q

Increased Aircraft Performance Due To Density Altitude

A
  • Low Temp
  • High Pressure System
  • Low Humidity
  • Lower Altitude

Private Pilot (10 decks)

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