Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Reproduction > Problems in Pregnancy > Flashcards

Problems in Pregnancy Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the most common cause of maternal mortality during pregnancy in the UK?

A

Cardiac disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give some examples of heart disease that may be affected in pregnancy

A 
Pulmonary hypertension
Congenital heart disease
Cardiomyopathy
Artificial heart valves
Ischaemic heart disease
Arrhythmia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give examples of heart disease where women are advised not to get pregnant

A

Pulmonary hypertension
NYHA class III/IV
TIA
Aortic root > 45mm (Marfan’s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What causes of palpitations may be seen in pregnancy?

A 
Physiological
Ectopic beats
Sinus tachycardia
Paroxysmal SVT
Hyperthyroidism
Phaeochromocytoma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the main cause of breathlessness in pregnancy?

A

Increased awareness of physiological hyperventilation (physiological)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most common chronic medical disorder seen in pregnancy?

A

Asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do patients commonly find their asthma worsens at the start of pregnancy?

A

As they stop taking their medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Asthma will always affect pregnancy no matter how well controlled. True/false?

A

False - well controlled asthma does not affect pregnancy outcomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When should a pregnant woman be given IV hydrocortisone?

A

If on oral steroids for > 2 weeks with no effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is VTE so common during pregnancy?

A

Hypercoaguable state
Reduced blood flow
Vascular damage at term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is used to treat any VTE that occurs during pregnancy?

A

LMWH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What investigation is used for suspected DVT in pregnancy?

A

Compression duplex USS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What investigation is used for suspected iliac vein thrombosis in pregnancy?

A

MRI venography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the main disadvantage of CTPA for a suspected PE in pregnancy?

A

Large radiation dose to maternal breast tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Who should decide on whether to use CTPA or V/Q in a pregnant woman?

A

The patient herself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Warfarin is teratogenic and can cause embryopathy. True/false?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Only LMWH can be used for anticoagulation post-natally. True/false?

A

False - both LMWH and warfarin can be used post-natally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some disease-related complications of connective tissue disease in pregnancy?

A

Lupus flare
APS
Rheumatoid arthritis
Scleroderma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What drugs for CTD are safe to use in pregnancy?

A 
Steroids
Azathioprine
Sulfasalazine
Hydroxychloroquine
Anti-TNF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Give some clinical features of anti-phospholipid syndrome related to pregnancy

A

Recurrent early pregnancy loss
Placental abruption
Early onset pre-eclampsia
Fetal growth restriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the general management of APS in pregnancy?

A

Aspirin +/- LMWH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Most women with epilepsy have the same/fewer seizures during pregnancy. True/false?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Give some potential fetal risks from maternal epilepsy

Study These Flashcards
A

Abdominal trauma (fetal maternal haemorrhage)
Premature membrane rupture
Preterm birth
Hypoxia

24
Q

All women with epilepsy are offered a detail USS assessment of fetal anatomy at what stage?

25
What are the most common congenital defects associated with anti-epileptic drugs?
Neural tube defects Congenital heart disorders Skeletal abnormalities Cleft palate
26
What should all epileptic women take before starting pregnancy?
5mg/day folate
27
A women has a seizure in labour. What is the drug class of choice?
Benzodiazepines
28
Describe the change of blood pressure in pregnancy
Falls in early pregnancy and reaches its lowest point at 22-24 weeks gestation before steadily rising until term
29
How is hypertension in pregnancy defined?
>140/90 mm Hg on 2 occasions | >160/110 mm Hg once
30
What is pregnancy induced hypertension?
Hypertension occurring in the second half of pregnancy resolving within 6 weeks of delivery
31
What is the classic triad of pre-eclampsia?
Hypertension Proteinuria Oedema
32
What occurs in normal placentation in relation to the spiral artery?
Trophoblasts invade the tunica media of the spiral artery dropping resistance and allowing blood supply to placenta
33
What occurs in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia?
Endothelial cells invade the tunica media of the spiral artery causing thrombosis
34
Give some body systems affected by pre-eclampsia
``` CNS Renal Hepatic Haematological Pulmonary Cardiovascular ```
35
What CNS disease can occur in pre-eclampsia?
Intracranial haemorrhage Cerebral oedema Cortical blindness CN palsy
36
Give some effects of pre-eclampsia on the renal system
Decreased GFR Proteinuria Increased serum urate Increased creatinine/K/urea
37
What syndrome is a common sign of liver disease due to pre-eclampsia?
HELLP syndrome - haemolysis; elevated liver enzymes; low platelets
38
What effects can pre-eclampsia have haematologically?
Decreased PV Thrombocytopenia Haemolysis DIC
39
What cardiac conditions can occur in pre-eclampsia?
Pulmonary oedema | Pulmonary embolism
40
Give some symptoms of pre-eclampsia
``` Headache Visual disturbance Epigastric/RUQ pain N+V Oedema ```
41
Give some signs of pre-eclampsia
Hypertension Proteinuria Disorientation Hyper-reflexia
42
What investigations are carried out in pre-eclampsia?
``` U&Es Serum urate LFTs FBC Coagulation screen ```
43
When is urate considered abnormal in pregnant women?
If it is above 10% of weeks of gestation
44
Give some risk factors for pre-eclampsia
``` Older age Increased BMI FHx First pregnancy Multiple pregnancy Molar pregnancy Pre-existing renal disease/hypertension Diabetes ```
45
Multiparous women tend to develop more severe pre-eclampsia. True/false?
True
46
What medication is given to women at high risk of pre-eclampsia?
75mg/day aspirin
47
What investigation can be used to predict pre-eclampsia?
Maternal uterine artery doppler
48
What tends to be first-line in treating hypertension in pregnancy?
Labetolol
49
What other drugs can be used to treat hypertension?
First line - methyldopa and nifedipine | Second line - hydralazine and doxazocin
50
What drugs should be avoided when treating hypertension in pregnancy?
Diuretics/ACEIs
51
It is normal for women to have a reduction in fetal movements. True/false?
False - must be assessed urgently
52
What is the only cure for pre-eclampsia?
Delivering the baby
53
Give some indications for birth in pre-eclampsia
Term gestation Unable to control BP Eclampsia
54
What is eclampsia?
A tonic-clonic seizure occuring with features of pre-eclampsia
55
What antihypertensives are used to control BP in eclampsia?
IV labetolol + hydralazine
56
What is used to treat an eclamptic seizure?
Magnesium sulfate

Reproduction (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions