Problems of definition and conceptualization Flashcards
(47 cards)
Forced migrants
Refugees
A person who has been forced to leave due to war, persecution or natural disaster
Forced migrants
Asylum seeker
someone that is applying for the status of a refugee
Forced migrants
Internally displaced person/ people
someone displaced within their own country e.g in Iraq have to move around the country due to ISIS
Forced migrants
Subject of rendition
Someone who is against their will taken from desired country. E.g imprison them
Voluntary migrants examples:
Guest worker. (class/ lower) Expatriates (class/higher) Diplomats Missionaries Retirees Aid workers Gap year students
These definitions are not politically neutral
- newspapers talk about migrants differently depending on story
e. g either scapegoats or victims
UNHCR (UN refugee agency) say…
“Migrants are fundamentally different from refugees and are treated differently under international law. Migrants, especially economic migrants. choose to improve their lives. Refugees, choose to move to improve their lives. Refugees are forced to slee to save their lives or preserve their freedom”
Political migrant:
refugee
Economic migrant:
Migrant worker
Which route would work better?
Economic
Victimcy
Victim and Agency
This is deliberate action to portray oneself/ ones situation in the most vulnerable manner possible to meet institutional needs
‘Genuine refugee’
Legal vs Illegal
Political vs economic
Victim vs Social Agent
Difference between work and employment in capitalism
Work:
- Volunteering
- House work/ domestic
Employment:
- Wage work?
- Contract - legal relationship between two parties
- expectations of employers and employees
Relationships between employers and employees
- Power
- Respect
- Hierarchy
How are workers ‘divided’ or categorised in conventional terms?
By Sector
- Primary
- Secondary
- Tertiary
- Public vs Private?
How are workers ‘divided’ or categorised in conventional terms?
By profession
- Banking
- Teaching
- Etc.
How are workers ‘divided’ or categorised in conventional terms?
“Social type”
Expat?
How are workers ‘divided’ or categorised in conventional terms?
Age
Adult
Child
How are workers ‘divided’ or categorised in conventional terms?
Contract type
Full time
Part time
Zero Hours
Undocumented migrants
Un- legal residences
Dynamics of labour mobility: who pushes for what kinds of labour mobility?
States
- wants people who will pay taxes, not use benefits
- people that contribute to society and economy- participation with council?
- reducing the dependency ration
- people that speak the language
what are the barriers forced by migrants entering a country?
- Visa regime
- Points based migration – aus and nz, labour market needs – offering skills.
- Education, skills, qualifications
- Income – easy ways to introduce racist immigration policies.
Stay and return
What kinds of returns are there?
- Guest workers – invited, time limited. E.g. Germany 5o’s they wanted economic miracle so set up arrangements with Italy Greece and turkey to make it easy for migrants to come over and do jobs in specific sectors.
- Seasonal or circular
- Frontier workers -
- Intra corporate transferees – glamour children of labour migration, e.g senior executives being moved from place to place. -expat
The role of states shaping patterns of labour migration
e.g healthcare labour markets between developed and middle income countries