Process of Bill through parliament

Question 1

First reading

Answer 1

Government first introduces Bill to Commons. Formal announcement & introduction of Bill followed by a vote to allow to move onto next stage.

Question 2

Second reading

Answer 2

Main principles are debated & considered by House of Commons.
- 2nd vote is taken. (Vote is usually won as House of Commons has support from MPs).

Question 3

The Committee stage

Answer 3

Committee of MPs from different parties examine Bill. Will suggest changes.

Question 4

The Report Stage

Answer 4

The Committee reports back to rest of MPs where everyone votes on suggested changes.

Question 5

Third reading

Answer 5

Final vote on Bill. No amendments allowed at this stage. House can either pass/ reject Bill.

Question 6

The Lords

Answer 6

All stages repeated through House of Lords, may suggest changes. If so, must be returned to House of Commons for final approval. House of Commons have final say as people’s elected representatives.

Question 7

Royal Assent

Answer 7

Monarch signs Bill (giving their approval - Royal Assent) Agreement to make Bill into an Act of Parliament/ Law. - is a formality - cannot refuse as action is only symbolic.

Question 8

When will new law come into place?

Answer 8

Immediately - unless Act specifies that it will only apply from some later date. - commencement order.