Process Utilities, Distillation

Question 1

Provides essentials such as water, steam, compressed air, nitrogen, other gases, fuel gas and electricity

Answer 1

Primary application

Question 2

Types of water (10)

Answer 2

Raw water

Fire water

Treated water

Potable water

Boiler feed water

Cooling water

Process water

Wastewater

Process sewer

Storm sewer

Question 3

Can be used as a driver for equipment

Provide heat to heat exchanger

Answer 3

Steam

Question 4

A liquid as a result from cool or condensed vapor

Answer 4

Condensate

Question 5

Pure a valuable source of water in process facility

Requires minimal treatment

Answer 5

Condensate

Question 6

Used in power tools and equipment operate instruments and process materials

Answer 6

Compressed air

Question 7

Types of compressed air

Answer 7

Utility Air ( Plant Air)

Instrument air

Question 8

Utility Air is used for what

Answer 8

To power tools and general use

Question 9

Instrument air is used for what

Answer 9

To control instrumentation

To clean and dry purge air

Question 10

Provides air supply to personal working in oxygen deficient or high particulate environments

Answer 10

Breathing air

Question 11

Inert (non reactive) gas

Answer 11

Nitrogen

Question 12

Nitrogen can be used to do what

Answer 12

To purge or remove explosive gases

Be a back up for instrument air

Use as a blanket or gas for storage tanks

Question 13

Gas used to operate fired equipment

Answer 13

Fuel gas

Question 14

Can be used as a blanket gas

Can be used as supply for a pilot light

Answer 14

Fuel gas

Question 15

Provides operating power by a variety of sources

Answer 15

Electricity

Question 16

Types of things electricity can be used for

Answer 16

Power generation

Steam

Cogeneration

Diesel gas generators

Emergency or portable generators

Battery systems

Question 17

Seperating a liquid mixture using different boiling points of each component

Answer 17

Distillation

Question 18

What does distillation uses

Answer 18

Uses heat pressure and boiling points

Columns uses either trays or packing

Question 19

Proportion of the distillate that has a particular boiling point different from others

Answer 19

Fraction

Question 20

Common distillation components

Answer 20

Tower/ column

Pre-heater

Trays

Condenser

Reboiler

Question 21

The three towers sections

Answer 21

Flash Zone

Rectifying section

Stripping section

Question 22

Entry point or feed tray

Answer 22

Flash Zone

Question 23

Section above the feed tray

Answer 23

Rectifying section

Question 24

Section below the feed tray

Answer 24

Stripping section

Question 25

Provide contact points between liquid and vapor

Answer 25

Distillation trays

Question 26

How distillation trays work

Answer 26

Liquid flows across tray and down tower Vapor flows up through holes in tray Liquid level is maintained using a weir Liquid is routed tray to tray by the downcomer

Question 27

Most common trays

Answer 27

Sieve Valve Bubble cap

Question 28

Small holes in the tray deck

Answer 28

Sieve

Question 29

Contains valve lifters

Answer 29

Valve tray

Question 30

Risers with slotted caps on top

Answer 30

Bubble cap trays

Question 31

The tray located right below the feed line

Answer 31

Feed tray

Question 32

How distillation works

Answer 32

Feed comes into process unit Feed is heated Heat vaporizes all volatile compounds Vapor and liquid fed into the distillation column Hot vapor passes up the column Cooler liquids pass down the column Contact between vapor and the liquid occurs on each tray

Question 33

Filled with specialized packing instead of trays used in distillation column to maximize the contact surface area

Answer 33

Packed towers

Question 34

What are packed towers used for

Answer 34

Striping Condensing Drying Absorption

Question 35

Piping that transfers oil from the tank to the heater to the process equipment and back again

Answer 35

Oil circulation system

Question 36

Devices configured to measure, control and indicate flow, temperature, level, pressure and analytical data

Answer 36

Instrumentation

Question 37

Five most common Process variables

Answer 37

Pressure, temperature, level, flow and analytical

Question 38

Force exerted on surface divided by it's area (PSI)

Answer 38

Pressure

Question 39

Difference between pressure measurements taken at two separate points

Answer 39

Differential pressure

Question 40

Specific degree of heat or cold as indicated of reference scale

Answer 40

Temperature

Question 41

Difference between temperature measurements taken at two separate points

Answer 41

Differential Temperature

Question 42

Position of height or depth along a vertical axis

Answer 42

Level

Question 43

Quantity of fluid that moves across a specific point within a given time

Answer 43

Flow

Question 44

Measurement of chemical or physical properties of a substance

Answer 44

Analytical variables

Question 45

What 3 ways can process control instrumentation be categorized

Answer 45

Location Function Power source

Question 46

Equipment that moves oil through the circulation and heating systems

Answer 46

Oil pump

Question 47

Used to remove CO2 or other gases from a gas stream

Answer 47

Amine system

Question 48

System that uses motive gas to make small solid particulates move like liquid

Answer 48

Fluidized bed system

Question 49

System used when a inert gas is needed

Answer 49

Nitrogen header system

Question 50

Quality practice with the objective of reducing defects which will increase profits

Answer 50

Zero defects

Question 51

Uses mathematical laws dealing with probability or how often certain events could occur under certain conditions

Answer 51

SPC (Statistical Process Control)

Question 52

Two types of SPC used

Answer 52

Attributes Variables

Question 53

SPC data analyzers

Answer 53

``` Control chart Flow chart Cause and effect diagrams Pareto charts Histograms ```

Question 54

Secondary supports systems used in daily operations of a process facility

Answer 54

Process auxiliary systems

Question 55

Four most common types of process auxiliary systems

Answer 55

Flare systems Refrigeration Lubrication Hot oil system

Question 56

Devices that burn off unwanted process gases before being released to the atmosphere

Answer 56

Flare systems

Question 57

Used to cool feed and or a product

Answer 57

Refrigeration systems

Question 58

Substance used to reduce friction between two contact surfaces

Answer 58

Lubricants

Question 59

Uses an organic or synthetic oil product as a heat transfer

Answer 59

Hot oil system

Question 60

Separates liquids from vapors being sent to the flare

Answer 60

Knock out drum

Question 61

What ignite the vapors

Answer 61

Pilot light

Question 62

Helps create drafts, reduce smoke, and protect flare tip from the heat of the flame

Answer 62

Steam ring