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A-Level Product Design > processes > Flashcards

processes Flashcards

1
Q

mass production

A

the production of large quantities of a standardised article by an automated mechanical process

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2
Q

continuous production

A

highly automated production of large quantities 24/7 to maximise productivity

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3
Q

why might you use continuous production

A

-if you know the product is always going to be in high demand e.g nappies
-has to be simplistic with limited components

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4
Q

advantages of continuous production

A

+cheaper for the user
+cheap labour due to minimal workers required

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5
Q

disadvantages of continuous production

A

-initial set up costs high
-quality control issues

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6
Q

batch production

A

made in specific quantities e.g 12 or 1000
labour intensive

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7
Q

advantages of batch production

A

+can be altered to meet demands

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8
Q

disadvantages of batch production

A

-initial set up costs high

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9
Q

one off production

A

one product made at a time, very labour intensive

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10
Q

advantages of one off production

A

+unique
+have to answer client brief exactly

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11
Q

disadvantages of one off production

A

-requires skilled worker
-more expensive
-labour costs expensive

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12
Q

fabrication

A

components joined together by nuts and bolts, welding, riveting

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13
Q

moulding

A

plastics moulded into different forms
casing can be injection moulding
PET bottles can be blow moulded

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14
Q

sintering

A

making objects from powder, by heating the material until particles adhere to each other

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15
Q

laminating

A

bonded layers of materials with bonding agent to form intricate shapes and forms that are much stronger than original

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16
Q

stamping

A

pressing or stamping shapes under high pressure into a former sheet material

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17
Q

milling

A

shaping product from solid block of material

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18
Q

turning

A

rotating materials in a lathe to achieve cylindrical shapes

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19
Q

injection moulding

A

injecting molten material under high pressure into a mould or die to achieve certain form

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20
Q

extrusion

A

pulling or pushing softened material through a specially shaped die to achieve different material properties

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21
Q

bonding

A

gluing or joining different materials together under high pressure to produce sheet form of materials

22
Q

casting

A

material in liquid form poured into a prepared mould
no waste

23
Q

cutting/wasting

A

material removed to create desired shape

24
Q

shaping and forming

A

bending material or laminating wood to form a shape

25
Q

assembly line disadvantages

A

-work can be repetitive and boring
-no job satisfaction

26
Q

assembly line advantages

A

low level skill and training

27
Q

cell production advantages

A

better quality products

28
Q

just in time manufacturing

A

only buy enough stock for immediate use, saves on manufacturing costs

29
Q

advantages of just in time manufacturing

A

+no large warehouses filled with stock
+not tied up in material ands stock standing
+if change in product the manufacturing can be changed quickly

30
Q

using standardised parts and components

A

used to reduce costs e.g nuts and bolts, screws springs or circuit boards

31
Q

advantages of using standardised parts and components

A

+don’t have to specialise in creating own product
+concentrate time on product
+no space required to manufacture them
+save costs

32
Q

disadvantages of using standardised parts and components

A

-quality not guaranteed
-dependant on other company for delivery
-dependant on external factors like if the company go on strike

33
Q

primary processing

A

1.buying raw material, forward ordering
2.processing of material

34
Q

secondary processing

A

3.assembly of components
4.finishing
5.packaging

35
Q

what are the tools used in batch production

A

jigs, former, template, pattern and mould

36
Q

blow moulding

A

-used to manufacture bottles or any hollow containers
-heated plastic granules injection moulded into mould where air forces the plastic to the sides to create the shape, cooled then extracted

37
Q

rotational moulding

A

-used to manufacture hollow plastic products
-moulds loaded with thermoplastic powder rotated in a heated chamber until it covers all the insides of the mould, cooled then extracted

38
Q

thermoforming

A

-sheet plastic is heated then enclosed by the moulds it sits between and a vacuum is applied through the lower mould
-mostly used for rigid food packaging

39
Q

vacuum forming

A

-sheet plastic is stretched into a single-surface mould and held against the mould by applying a vacuum

40
Q

calendaring

A

-thermoplastic fed into heated rollers a set distance apart to create the right thickness, chilled on the final roller
-creates sheet, film and coating materials

41
Q

press forming/ deep drawing

A

-pressing sheet metal into 3D shapes e.g sinks

42
Q

3D printing

A

making three-dimensional solid object of any shape from a virtual model using plastic filament

43
Q

laser cutting

A

form of cutting and decorating material using a fine beam of light controlled by a CNC machine

44
Q

plasma cutting

A

stream of ionised gas that becomes so hot it vaporises the metal being cut

45
Q

blanking and piercing

A

blanking- when a part to be used is punched out of a sheet of metal
piercing- sheet of metal having a hole punched through it

46
Q

dip moulding

A

simple and cheap method of manufacturing shapes where a shape is dipped into a melted plastic

47
Q

sand casting

A

low cost method of casting metal in sand moulds, used for one-off or low volume products

48
Q

steam bending

A

the moistening of certain woods to make it more pliable (flexible)

49
Q

me when I hate cutting

A

die cutting
-process for cutting, perforating and creasing thin sheets of material to create things like stickers

50
Q

brazing

A

forming permanent joints in metal by melting a brazing rod at 880°C between two parts

51
Q

TIG welding

A

precise and high quality form of electric arc welding that uses non-consumable tungsten electrode

A-Level Product Design (8 decks)

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