Professional Development and Use of Self Flashcards
What are the components of the SW-client relationship?
- Emotional/connecting bond
- Relationship is the communication bridge where message pass
- Positive relationship is an important tool
- Must convey sense of respect for client’s individuality and their right to self determination
*** Most consistent factor associated with beneficial outcomes of a helping relationship is a positive relationship between SW & Client
What are some SW roles in the problem solving procesS?
- Advocate
- Broker
- Change Agent
- Counsellor
- Mediator
What does a SW do as an advocate?
- Goal of empowering client system being served
- Speak on behalf of clients when client can’t/others won’t listen
- Particular responsibility to advocate on behalf of those disempowered by society
What does a SW does as a broker?
- Responsible for identifying, locating, & linking systems with needed resources in a timely fashion
- Once client needs are assessed - assists in choosing most appropriate service option & negotiating terms of service delivery
Concerned with quality, quantity, & accessibility of services
- Once client needs are assessed - assists in choosing most appropriate service option & negotiating terms of service delivery
What does a SW do as a change agent?
- Participates as part of group/organization seeking to improve or restructure some aspect of service provision
- Working with others uses problem-solving model to identify problem, solicit input, plan for change
Acts in coordinated manner to achieve change at multiple levels to shift focus of institutional resources to meet identified goals
- Working with others uses problem-solving model to identify problem, solicit input, plan for change
What does a SW do as a counsellor?
- Focuses on improving social functioning
- Help clients articulate needs, clarify problems, explore resolution strategies, apply intervention strategies
Empower clients by affirming their personal strengths & capacities to deal with problems more effectively
- Help clients articulate needs, clarify problems, explore resolution strategies, apply intervention strategies
What does a SW do as a mediator?
- Dispute resolution between parties to find compromises & reach mutually satisfying agreements
Netural stance
What is a SW’s primary role?
** Primary role is to act as a resource - assuming various roles depending upon nature of client problems
What can empathic communication help achieve?
- Empathic understanding involves being nonjudgemental, accepting & genuine
- Encourages more rational discussion
For those used to negative emotions, empathic response may be first step in engaging in helping relationship
○ Establishes rapport with clients—empathic communication is one means of bridging the gap between a social worker and client
○ Starts where a client is and stays attuned to a client throughout the encounter (being perceptive to changes in frame of mind)
○ Increases the level at which clients explore themselves and their problems
○ Responds to a client’s nonverbal messages (a social worker can observe body language and make explicit a client’s feelings)
○ Decreases defensiveness and engages a client in processing and testing new information
- Defuses anger that represents obstacles to progress
- Encourages more rational discussion
What is Transference?
redirection of a client’s feelings for a significant person to a SW
- First described by Freud - Often manifested in erotic attraction toward SW but can be seen as rage, hatred, mistrust, parentification, extreme dependence or even placing SW in esteemed status - Happens on an unconscious level - SW doing psychoanalysis uses transference to reveal unresolved conflicts a client has with childhood figures
What is countertransference?
redirection of SW’s feelings toward a client - SW’s emotional entanglement with a client
Helps SW regulate their emotions in the therapeutic relationship & gives valuable insight into what a client is attempting to elicit in them
What is self care?
activities & practice done on a regular basis to reduce stress and maintain and enhance short & longer term health & well being
- Not only about limiting/addressing professional stressors, also about enhancing overall well-being
Receiving support from mentors/peer, obtaining therapy, engaging in relaxation & personal endeavors that are nonprofessional, balancing work/personal life
What can Self Care help a SW do?
- Identify & manage general challenges - stress, burnout, interpersonal difficulties
- Become aware of personal vulnerabilities
○ Retraumatization, vicarious/secondary traumatization, compassion fatigue - Achieve balance in life
By maintaining & enhancing attention paid to different domains of life
- Become aware of personal vulnerabilities
What does self care aim to do?
- Taking care of physical and psychological health
- Managing and reducing stress
- Honoring emotional and spiritual needs
- Fostering and sustaining relationships
Achieving an equilibrium between meeting personal needs and school/work demands
What is burnout?
state of physical, emotional, psychological &/or spiritual exhaustion
- Can be manifested as cynicism or lack of satisfaction in work
- Characterized by emotional fatigue & feeling inadequate due to not being able to change client’s life circumstances
- Client, organizational, & contextual variables can contribute
Cumulatively over time
What is secondary trauma?
relates to behaviours & emotions that result from knowledge about traumatizing events experienced by clients and the stress resulting from helping or wanting to help
- Results from engaging in empathic relationships with clients who have had traumatic experiences, witnessing effects of those experiences
- Symptoms mirror that of primary trauma - insomnia, chronic irritability/angry outbursts, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, avoidance
More immediate onset
What is compassion fatigue?
syndrome consisting of symptoms of secondary trauma & burnout
- Usually represents overall emotional & physical fatigue SW can experience due to use of empathy with those distraught and experiencing emotional pain
- Also encounter bureaucratic hurdles that exacerbate stress & upset the balance between practice & administrative demands
- Tends to occur cumulatively over time
Can happen when SW sees little/no improvement in client situations
What are the components of a safe and positive work environment?
- Where values & principles of employers & SW’s are consistent with each other, mutually reinforcing
- Most effective SW services provided in situations where employers understand SW practice, respect their employees & are committed to implementing professional values
Needs to consider ethical principles, supervision, workload management & continuing professional development
- Most effective SW services provided in situations where employers understand SW practice, respect their employees & are committed to implementing professional values
What does a safe work environment enable SW’s to do?
- Written policy setting out standards of ethical practice
○ SW should never be required to do something that puts them at risk of upholding ethical standards- Policies should be informed by research & practice evidence
- Public should be reuglarly informed about standards, policies, & procedures & provided with info about how to raise concerns/complain
- SW must hold recognized qualifications, provide references, demonstrate that they understand their roles & responsibilities - including ethical duties
- Dangerous, discriminatory, exploitive behaviour must be dealt with promptly through implementing policies & procedures
○ Should prevent & minimize violence - SW have a right to health & occupational safety to be protected
○ Frequently experience trauma & violence in workplace - Adoption & implementation of policies on workload management make a major contribution to provision of quality services
- Physical Working environment should support effective & ethical practice
○ Confidential interviewing space, storage of confidential records - Continuing professional development & training allow for strengthening & developing skills & adapting to changing needs
○ Orientation of new people - Good quality, regular supervision
- Systematic reviews of services & practice led by SW regularly
○ Identify needed support, training, & action when poor or unethical practice is identified - Career development opportunities need to be available
○ Meet individual needs of SW & constitute an effective tool for retaining valuable practice knowledge & experience
Rates of pay comparable to similar professionals
What is professional objectivity in SW-Client relationships?
- Communication should not be burdened with emotional investment, should be genuinely concerned & encouraging while neither condemning or praising
Relationship must be productive - mutual acceptance & trust
What are the principles & applications of Self Disclosure
- Some self disclosure can be useful as it can help clients connect during engagement
- Some is exploitative, self-serving, & harmful
○ Source of many boundary violations - Sometimes because trauma/problems of SW have not been adequately addressed & are looking to cope
- Most require no self-disclosure
Engage in supervision/consultation before disclosure - why is it being considered, why is it professionally justified, why do you want to disclose?
- Some is exploitative, self-serving, & harmful
How can SW’s mitigate conflict in interdisciplinary collaboration?
- Outline parameters that will govern the functioning of the team: frequency of contact, other forms of communication, delineation of responsibilities, leadership positions
- Understand & define roles
- Understand & articulate professional values of everyone
- Agree upon methods of decision making
Determine means for resolving disagreements
What can SW’s do personally to avoid conflicts in collaboration?
** Importance of role boundaries, role maintenance & role clarity are essential in collaborative relationships
- Responsibility of SW to reflect on own values to ensure they aren’t interfering with collaborative process & always aligned with ensuring outcomes in best interest of client
○ Beliefs about differing status among members
○ Unequal benefits for participation
○ Different levels of time commitments
○ Insecurity about value
Lack of administrative support
What is Governance?
Governance: structures, functions, processess & customes that exist within an organization to ensure it operates in a way that achieves its objectives & does so in an effective, transparent manner
- Framework of accountability
- Good governance adds value by improving performance of an organization through more efficient management, more strategic & equitable resource allocation & service provision
When not all client needs can be met, an allocation procedure should be developed that is nondiscriminatory, appropriate & consistent