Professional License Study Resource Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
- Which of the properties listed below is a characteristic of a gas but not of a liquid?
A. It has the ability to flow.
B. It assumes the shape and fills the volume of its container.
C. Its molecules are constantly in motion.
D. Its volume varies depending on temperature.
A
B. It assumes the shape and fills the volume of its container.
2
Q
- A sealed container is filled with hydrogen gas at standard conditions (101 kPa at 273 k).
Assuming ideal conditions and behavior, what will be the pressure of the gas in the chamber
if it is heated to 546 k?
A. 34 kPa
B. 51 kPa
C. 202 kPa
D. 303 kPa
A
C. 202 kPa
3
Q
3. In 1922, Neils Bohr developed an explanation of atomic structure that underlies regularities in the periodic table of elements dealing with the A. proton. B. neutron. C. electron. D. nucleus
A
C. electron
4
Q
5. The balanced chemical equation for the formation of aluminum oxide is A. Al + O2 Al2O2. B. 4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3. C. 3Al + O2 2Al3O. D. Al + O2 AlO.
A
B. 4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3.
5
Q
6. H2O (water) is an example of a(an) A. polar bond. B. non-polar bond. C. ionic bond. D. non-covalent bond
A
A. polar bond.
6
Q
7. AB + CD AD + BC What type of reaction is given above? A. combination B. decomposition C. double displacement D. single displacement
A
C. double displacement
7
Q
- According to Ohm’s Law, the current running through a conductor is
A. inversely proportional to the voltage.
B. directly proportional to the resistance.
C. a sum of the voltage and resistance.
D. inversely proportional to the resistance
A
D. inversely proportional to the resistance
8
Q
9. A rocket lifts off due to a reaction to gas propulsion. This is an example of which law of objects in motion? A. Newton's 1st law B. Newton's 2nd law C. Newton's 3rd law D. Kepler's 2nd law
A
C. Newton’s 3rd law
9
Q
11. In a concert hall, sound waves are bent around objects. This is an example of A. constructive interference. B. destructive interference. C. diffraction. D. the Doppler effect.
A
C. diffraction.
10
Q
14. The device that changes AC (alternating current) to DC (direct current) is a (an) A. generator. B. transformer. C. motor. D. rectifier.
A
D. rectifier.
11
Q
15. Which phase change indicates that a substance gains energy? A. freezing B. deposition C. condensation D. sublimation
A
D. sublimation
12
Q
16. A great deal of solar radiation from the Sun enters the atmosphere and reaches Earth, while some energy is reflected back into space. This is a demonstration of A. conservation of energy. B. excess input energy. C. decrease in entropy. D. total loss of energy.
A
B. excess input energy.
13
Q
17. The combining of atomic nuclei within the Sun that releases tremendous energy is called A. alpha decay. B. beta decay. C. fission. D. fusion.
A
D. fusion.
14
Q
18. Which type of radiation has the highest energy? A. x-rays B. gamma rays C. infrared D. ultraviolet (UV)
A
B. gamma rays
15
Q
19. A mirror used to enlarge the image of a person using it to put on make up is A. convex. B. gamma rays C. flat. D. focused.
A
B. gamma rays
16
Q
20. What is the power drawn by a 240-volt oven that is rated for 40 amps? A. 0.167 joules B. 9,600 watts C. 6.0 watts D. 167 joules
A
B. 9,600 watts
17
Q
21. It is believed that this layer of the Earth is composed mainly of liquid iron. A. crust B. mantle C. outer core D. inner core
A
C. outer core
18
Q
23. Compared to the inner core, the Earth’s outer core is believed to be A. less dense and cooler. B. less dense and hotter. C. more dense and hotter. D. more dense and cooler.
A
A. less dense and cooler.
19
Q
24. Which of the following surface ocean currents is known for being slow moving and cool? A. California Current B. Brazil Current C. South Pacific Equatorial Current D. Gulf Stream
A
A. California Current
20
Q
- Where do oceanic ridges form?
A. Ridges form along divergent plate boundaries.
B. Ridges form along convergent plate boundaries.
C. Ridges form where freshwater meets seawater.
D. Ridges are the slopes from the continental shelf to the abyssal plain.
A
A. Ridges form along divergent plate boundaries.
21
Q
27. Rocks or minerals formed in the openings of existing rocks during chemical reactions are called A. igneous rocks. B. sedimentary rocks. C. metamorphic rocks. D. precipitated rocks
A
D. precipitated rocks
22
Q
28. Which mineral is lowest on the Mohs hardness scale? A. calcite B. talc C. diamond D. quartz
A
B. talc
23
Q
29. Which layer of the atmosphere do most birds fly in? A. stratosphere B. mesosphere C. thermosphere D. troposphere
A
D. troposphere
24
Q
30. What cloud formations are composed entirely of ice? A. cumulus B. cirrus C. cumulonimbus D. nimbostratus
A
B. cirrus
25
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31. Surface features made up of silty soil that has been deposited by windstorms are known as
A. karst topography.
B. dunes.
C. loess deposits.
D. crevasses.
```
C. loess deposits.
26
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32. The result of this activity has been shown to deplete ozone, allowing harmful UV rays to enter Earth’s atmosphere.
A. releasing chlorofluorocarbons
B. overcultivating land
C. burning fossil fuels
D. dumping toxic wastes
```
A. releasing chlorofluorocarbon
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33. During fall in the Northern hemisphere, the Southern hemisphere experiences
A. summer.
B. winter.
C. spring.
D. fall.
```
C. spring.
28
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34. According to optical spectrometers, the hottest stars in the known universe are colored
A. white.
B. yellow.
C. red.
D. blue.
```
D. blue.
29
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35. An astronomer viewing a distant star notices the star's spectral lines are shifted toward shorter wavelengths. This indicates the star is
A. moving toward the Earth.
B. very old.
C. very young.
D. moving away from the Earth.
```
A. moving toward the Earth.
30
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36. A group of celestial objects found in a region located roughly between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter are
A. asteroids.
B. comets.
C. meteors.
D. Kuiper belt objects.
```
A. asteroids.
31
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37. What is the name of the huge, gravitationally bound system of stars, interstellar gas and dust, plasma, and (possibly) unseen dark matter?
A. galaxy
B. constellation
C. nebula
D. comet
```
A. galaxy
32
38. This causes the yearly seasonal changes on Earth to occur.
A. a change in the Earth’s distance from the Sun
B. the gravitational pull of the Moon
C. the tilt of the Earth on it’s axis
D. the apparent movement of the Sun from East to West
C. the tilt of the Earth on it’s axis
33
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39. The DNA of prokaryotes can be found in the
A. flagellum.
B. ribosomes.
C. lysosomes.
D. cytoplasm.
```
D. cytoplasm.
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40. Which cell organelle aids in cell division?
A. golgi apparatus
B. centriole
C. vacuole
D. lysosome
```
B. centriole
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41. In humans, the failure of chromosome pairs to separate properly is known as
A. gene fusion
B. chromosomal fusion
C. gene dominance
D. nondisjunction
```
D. nondisjunction
36
42. What is the inheritance pattern typified by a 1:2:1 phenotype ratio?
A. complete dominance in a dihybrid cross
B. complete dominance in a monohybrid cross
C. incomplete dominance in a monohybrid cross
D. incomplete dominance in a dihybrid cross
C. incomplete dominance in a monohybrid cross
Incomplete dominance is a form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely expressed over its paired allele. This results in a third phenotype in which the expressed physical trait is a combination of the phenotypes of both alleles. RED+WHITE=PINK
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43. A terrestrial invertebrate has been found. Its body is long, skinny, and segmented. To what phylum does it belong?
A. Porifera
B.Platyhelminthes
C. Nematoda
D. Annelida
```
D. Annelida
( ringed worms or segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 17,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches.)
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44. What classification of protozoan uses flagella as a means of locomotion?
A. sarcodina
B. mastigophora
C. cnidospora
D. sporozoa
```
B. mastigophora
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45. Which order of scientific classification does the animal Canis familiaris belong to?
A. carnivora
B. chordata
C. animalia
D. mammalia
```
A. carnivora
40
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46. In flowers, pollen is normally found
A. on the sepals.
B. on the anthers.
C. on the pistils.
D. on the filaments.
```
B. on the anthers.
41
47. In human circulation, which of the following best describes the flow of blood from the heart?
A. left ventricle, aorta, capillaries, vena cava, right atrium
B. left atrium, pulmonary artery, vena cava, right ventricle, aorta
C. aorta, capillaries, pulmonary artery, right ventricle, left ventricle
D. left atrium, right atrium, capillaries, left ventricle, right ventricle
A. left ventricle, aorta, capillaries, vena cava, right atrium
42
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48. In human respiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide gases are exchanged in the
A. bronchus.
B. diaphragm.
C. alveoli.
D. trachea
```
C. alveoli.
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49. Which of the following is not part of the human endocrine system?
A. pancreas
B. thyroid
C. pharynx
D. adrenal gland
```
C. pharynx
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50. Which kind of behavior is illustrated in a spider’s ability to spin a web?
A. instinctive
B. learned
C. social
D. territorial
```
A. instinctive
45
51. Which of the following are all part of the water cycle?
A. condensation, evaporation, respiration, transpiration, and precipitation
B. evaporation, condensation, precipitation, accumulation, transpiration
C. condensation, precipitation, accumulation, transpiration, and nitrification
D. evaporation, condensation, precipitation, ammonification, and accumulation
B. evaporation, condensation, precipitation, accumulation, transpiration
46
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52. Which of the following is not normally associated with a tundra biome?
A. deciduous plant life
B. cold climate
C. short season of growth
D. low biotic diversity
```
A. deciduous plant life
47
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53. Which of the following would most likely be found on the surface of a decaying log?
A. blue-green algae
B. segmented worms
C. termites
D. bracket fungi
```
D. bracket fungi
48
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54. What does the release of insulin in the human body help it to do?
A. stimulate oxygen absorption
B. maintain homeostasis
C. lower body temperature
D. increase perspiration
```
B. maintain homeostasis
49
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55. These organisms are found at the base of the Energy Pyramid.
A. primary consumers
B. tertiary consumers
C. producers
D. aquatic organisms
```
C. producers
50
56. A chemistry teacher plans to rearrange desks and have students react sulfuric acid with sugar in groups. He will obtain signed parental permission slips from students to participate in the activity. His planned activity is
A. appropriate only if all parents have given their permission.
B. inappropriate for students to perform regardless of parental permission.
C. permissible so long as students are wearing appropriate eye protection.
D. subject to approval by the science department head.
B. inappropriate for students to perform regardless of parental permission.
51
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57. The appropriate piece of equipment to measure current is a(an)
A. galvanometer.
B. volt meter.
C. odometer.
D. ohm meter.
```
A. galvanometer.
52
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58. A solution with a pH of 11 is considered to be
A. acidic
B. neutral
C. alkaline
D. concentrated
```
C. alkaline
53
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59. Who is generally credited as one of the main discoverers of electromagnetism?
A. Alessandro Volta
B. James Watt
C. Georg Ohm
D. André-Marie Ampere
```
D. André-Marie Ampere
54
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60. The teacher gives students a problem to investigate along with the materials, but not the method or expected outcomes. Students must design an experiment and figure out which data to collect and interpret to discover scientific relationships. This is an example of
A. structured inquiry.
B. guided inquiry.
C. open inquiry.
D. verification
```
B. guided inquiry.
55
1. Which of the properties listed below is a characteristic of a solid but not of a liquid? A. It has the ability to flow. B. Its molecules are constantly in motion. C. It retains a fixed shape and volume. D. Its volume varies depending on temperature
C. It retains a fixed shape and volume.
56
2. A sealed container is filled with a gas at standard temperature and pressure. Assuming ideal conditions and behavior, what will happen to the pressure of the gas in the chamber if the temperature is held constant and volume of the chamber is doubled? A. The pressure will be halved. B. The pressure will remain the same. C. The pressure will double. D. The pressure will be squared.
A. The pressure will be halved.
57
3. In 1911, this scientist developed the “Planetary Model” of the atom in which electrons orbit the nucleus: A. John Dalton B. J.J. Thompson C. Ernest Rutherford D. Niels Bohr
C. Ernest Rutherford
58
4. A composition of two or more substances that can be easily separated is a (an) A. compound. B. element. C. mixture. D. alloy
C. mixture.
59
5. A balanced chemical equation for the formation of methane and water is A. CO2 + 4H2 CH4 + 2H2O. B. 4CO2 + 4H2 4CH4 + H2O. C. CH4 + 2H2O CO2 + H2. D. CO + H CH4 + 2H2O.
A. CO2 + 4H2 CH4 + 2H2O.
60
6. H2 (hydrogen gas) is an example of a(an) A. polar bond. B. non-polar bond. C. ionic bond. D. non-covalent bond.
B. non-polar bond
61
7. AB A + B What type of reaction is given above? A. combination B. decomposition C. double displacement D. single displacement
B. decomposition
62
8. According to Ohm's Law, A. to calculate the current in a circuit, add the voltage to the resistance. B. to calculate the current in a circuit, divide the voltage by the resistance. C. to calculate the current in a circuit, divide the voltage by the power. D. to calculate the current in a circuit, add the voltage to the power.
B. to calculate the current in a circuit, divide the voltage by the resistance.
63
9. A ball continues rolling in one direction on the floor until friction causes it to stop. This is an example of which law of objects in motion? A. Newton's 1st law B. Newton's 2nd law C. Newton's 3rd law D. Kepler's 2nd law
A. Newton's 1st law
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11. Noise-canceling headphones can limit outside sounds through the use of A. constructive interference. B. destructive interference. C. diffraction. D. the Doppler effect.
B. destructive interference.
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12. Two objects with neutral electrostatic charges will A. repel one another. B. attract one another. C. have no effect on each other. D. emit a spark.
C. have no effect on each other.
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14. The device that changes chemical energy to mechanical and electrical energy is a (an) A. generator. B. transformer. C. motor. D. rectifier.
A. generator
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15. Which phase change indicates that a substance releases energy? A. freezing B. evaporation C. melting D. sublimation
A. freezing
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16. The input electrical energy of an incandescent bulb results in the emission of light and heat. The heat emitted is a demonstration of A. conservation of energy. B. excess input energy. C. waste energy. D. total energy input.
C. waste energy.
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17. The splitting of atomic nuclei in a reactor’s core is called A. alpha decay. B. beta decay. C. fission. D. fusion.
C. fission
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18. Which type of radiation has the lowest energy? A. x-rays B. gamma rays C. infrared D. ultraviolet (UV)
C. infrared
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19. A mirror used to reflect light to a specific focal point is A. convex. B. semi-planer. C. flat. D. parabolic.
D. parabolic.
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20. What is the power drawn by a 120-volt electric dishwasher that is rated for 20 amps? A. 2400 watts B. 0.167 joules C. 6.0 watts D. 167 joules
A. 2400 watts
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21. It is believed that this layer of the Earth is composed mainly of solid iron. A. crust B. mantle C. outer core cor D. inner
D. inner core
74
22. Which geologic era is known as the "age of recent life"? A. Precambrian B. Cenozoic C. Mesozoic D. Paleozoic
B. Cenozoic
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23. Compared to the outer core, the Earth’s inner core is believed to be A. less dense and cooler. B. less dense and hotter. C. more dense and hotter. D. more dense and cooler.
C. more dense and hotter.
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24. Which of the following ocean currents is a cool current encircling Antarctica? A. California Current B. Brazil Current C. West Wind Drift D. Gulf Stream
C. West Wind Drift
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26. Where do oceanic trenches form? A. Trenches form along divergent plate boundaries. B. Trenches form along convergent plate boundaries. C. Trenches form where freshwater meets seawater. D. Trenches normally form near the middle of tectonic plates
B. Trenches form along convergent plate boundaries.
78
27. Rocks that are formed by layers of deposited earth or other materials are called A. igneous rocks. B. Trenches form along convergent plate boundaries. . C. metamorphic rocks. D. precipitated rocks.
B. Trenches form along convergent plate boundaries
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28. Which mineral is highest on the Mohs hardness scale? A. calcite B. talc D. quartz
C. diamond
80
29. Which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere is closest to space? A. exosphere B. mesosphere C. thermosphere D. troposphere
A. exosphere
81
30. What cloud formations usually cover the sky in a uniform gray? A. cumulus B. cirrus C. altocumulus D. stratus
D. stratus
82
31. Hills of sand built by wind-related processes are known as A. karst topography. B. dunes. C. loess deposits. D. crevasses.
B. dunes.
83
32. The release of chlorofluorocarbons into Earth’s atmosphere has been shown to A.
deplete ozone. B. pollute groundwater. C. increase greenhouse gases. D. weather sedimentary rock.
A.deplete ozone.
84
33. During summer in the Southern hemisphere, the Northern hemisphere experiences A. summer. B. winter. C. spring. D. fall
B. winter
85
34. According to optical spectrometers, the coolest stars in the known universe are colored A. white. B. yellow. C. red. D. blue.
C. red
86
35. An astronomer viewing a distant star notices the star's spectral lines are shifted toward shorter wavelengths. This change in wavelength is known as A. Doppler shift. B. spectral frequency. C. the Coriolis effect. D. planetary motion
A. Doppler shift.
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36. A group of celestial objects found in a region located beyond the orbit of the planet Neptune are known as A. asteroids. B. comets. C. meteors. D. Kuiper belt objects
D. Kuiper belt objects.
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37. What is the name of a group of stars visibly related to each other in a particular configuration or pattern? A. galaxy B. constellation C. nebula D. comet
B. constellation
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38. The revolution of planets around the Sun comes from this view of celestial motion. A. geocentric B. nebulian C. heliocentric D. polycentric
C. heliocentric
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39. The DNA of eukaryotes can be found in the A. nucleus. B. ribosomes. C. lysosomes. D. cytoplasm
A. nucleus.
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40. Which cell organelle is responsible for the transport of proteins? A. mitochondria B. endoplasmic reticula C. centriole D. lysosom
B. endoplasmic reticula
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41. In humans, Trisomy 21 due to nondisjunction usually results in an individual with A. Multiple Sclerosis B. Crohn’s Disease C. Parkinson’s Disease D. Down Syndrome
D. Down Syndrome
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42. What is the inheritance pattern typified by a 3:1 phenotype ratio? A. complete dominance in a dihybrid cross B. complete dominance in a monohybrid cross C. incomplete dominance in a monohybrid cross D. incomplete dominance in a dihybrid cross
B. complete dominance in a monohybrid cross
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43. The substance that goes through a process of translation within cells in order for proteins to be synthesized is A. DNA. B. mRNA. C. chlorophyll. D. cytoplasm.
B. mRNA
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44. What classification of protozoan uses pseudopods as a means of locomotion? A. sarcodina B. mastigophora C. cnidospora D. sporozoa
A. sarcodina
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45. Which kingdom of scientific classification does the duck-billed platypus belong to? A. vertebrata B. chordata C. animalia D. mammalia
C. animalia
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46. Before reaching the ovary, in mature flowers pollen is received by the A. sepals. B. anther. C. stigma. D. filament
C. stigma
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47. In human circulation, which of the following is responsible for carrying oxygen to cells throughout the body? A. platelets B. white blood cells C. red blood cells D. bone marrow
C. red blood cells
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48. During human digestion, a substance broken down into peptides by gastric acid in the stomach is A. glucose. B. fat. C. amino acid. D. protein
D. protein
100
49. Which of the following is part of the human endocrine system? A. kidneys B. thyroid C. lungs D. gall bladder
B. thyroid
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50. Which kind of behavior best describes an animal defending a nest, den, or mating site? A. instinctive B. learned C. social D. territorial
D. territorial
102
51. Which of the following is not part of the water cycle? A. respiration B. evaporation C. condensation D. accumulation
A. respiration
103
52. Which of the following is associated with dissolutioned rock, such as limestone? A. wind erosion B. sinkholes C. sand dunes D. rust
B. sinkholes
104
53. A change in the types of species of an ecological community over time is known as A. succession. B. infestation. C. rehabitation. D. intrusion.
A. succession
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54. Which of the following has been shown to upset homeostasis in the human body? A. perspiration B. respiration C. circulation D. stress
D. stress
106
55. These organisms mainly obtain their energy from producers. A. primary consumers B. omnivores C. carnivores D. tertiary consumers
A. primary
107
56. A physics teacher plans to have students work with pendulums made from string and washers. His planned activity is A. appropriate only if all parents have given their permission. B. inappropriate for students to perform regardless of parental permission. C. permissible so long as students are wearing appropriate eye protection. D. subject to approval by the science department head.
C. permissible so long as students are wearing appropriate eye protection
108
57. The appropriate device used to measure the distance travelled by automobile is a(an) A. galvanometer. B. pedometer. C. odometer. D. o-scope.
C. odometer.
109
58. A solution with a pH of 5 is considered to be A. acidic B. neutral C. alkaline D. concentrated
A. acidic
110
59. Who is especially known for the development of the electric battery? A. Alessandro Volta B. James Watt C. Georg Ohm D. André-Marie Ampere
Alessandro Volta
111
60. A teacher gives students a science activity to perform along with the materials, the method, and the expected outcomes. The students must complete a worksheet that includes data and observations from the experiment. This is an example of A. structured inquiry. B. guided inquiry. C. open inquiry. D. verification.
D. verification.
112
What color are the hottest stars?
Answer:
The color of the hottest stars is blue.
Explanation:
You can tell the temperature of a star by looking at its color. The coolest stars are red, then orange, then yellow. Even hotter stars are white and then the hottest stars are blue! The surface temperature of our sun is 5777 Kelvin.
113
the way that water passes out of the leaves and into the air as vapor.
Transpiration
114
when a seed begins to grow as it gets enough water
Germination
115
works from the more general to the more specific
Deductive
116
learning by investigation and questioning
Inquiry/ discovery
117
is using natural areas without disrupting their ecosystems.
Conservation
118
reliance of people on the world
Interdependence
119
what scientific device would be used to map the ocean floor
sonar
120
what scientific device would be used to measure the intensity of an earthquake
seismometer
121
A strawberry appears to be red because?
the color red is REFLECTED by the skin of the strawberry
122
the amount of space matter takes up. You can find the volume of an object by seeing how much water it displaces
Volume
123
these are fire rocks or cooled magma. They are formed above or below ground. Melted rock, magma, become trapped in pockets and then cools forming igneous rock. When magma rises to the Earth’s surface, it is called lava. Granite
Igneous Rock
124
the form due to water or wind affecting pieces of earth. These bits of earth become rocks over thousands and millions of years. Limestone .
Sedimentary Rock
125
The __________ provides nourishment for the fetus.
Placenta
126
A developing fetus grows in the _______.
Uterus
127
The _________ is a structure formed in the early development of mammals.
Blastocyst
128
The blastocyst contains the _________ which forms the embryo
Inner cell mass
129
The outer layer of the blastocyst has cells which are called _____________.
Trophoblast
130
The trophoblast gives rise to the _________
Placenta
