proficiency exam Flashcards
(217 cards)
1
Q
acetaminophen/codeine/ oxycodone PC
A
analgesic combo (opioid)
2
Q
albuterol (salbutamol) PC
A
beta2 agonist
3
Q
aldendronate sodium PC
A
biphosphonate derivative
4
Q
acetaminophen/ codeine/ oxycodone MOA
A
binds to opiate receptors
5
Q
acetaminophen/ codeine/ oxycodone use
A
pain management
6
Q
acetaminophen/ codeine/ oxycodone admin
A
shake oral solution/suspension
7
Q
acetaminophen/ codeine/ oxycodone MP
A
pain, resp/mental status, BP, HR, s/s substance abuse
8
Q
albuterol (salbutamol) MOA
A
relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by action on beta2 receptors
9
Q
albuterol (salbutamol) use
A
bronchospasm, asthma // hyperkalemia
10
Q
albuterol (salbutamol) admin
A
oral inhalation
11
Q
albuterol (salbutamol) AE
A
excitement, nervousness, tremor, bronchospasm, pharyngitis, URI, rhinitis
12
Q
albuterol (salbutamol) MP
A
peak flow, BP, HR, glucose, k+, EKG
13
Q
aldendronate sodium MOA
A
inhibits bone reabsorption via actions on osteoclasts
14
Q
aldendronate sodium use
A
osteoporosis treatment/prevention, paget disease// prostate cancer
15
Q
aldendronate sodium admin
A
first thing in the morning with water
16
Q
aldendronate sodium AE
A
femur fractures, GI irritation, hypocalemia, osteonecrosis of jaw
17
Q
aldendronate sodium MP
A
serial bone mineral density
18
Q
alprazolam PC
A
benzodiazepine
19
Q
alprazolam MOA
A
binds to stereospecific benzodiazepine receptors on postsynaptic GABA neuron @ several sites within CNS
20
Q
alprazolam use
A
anxiety// vertigo
21
Q
alprazolam admin
A
controlled IV; oral
22
Q
alprazolam AE
A
anterograde amnesia, rash, decreased libido, weight gain/loss, increased/decreased appetite, xerostomia, ataxia, drowsiness, dizziness, depression, fatigue, irritability, sedated
23
Q
alprazolam MP
A
resp/cardio status, mental alertness, mis/abuse
24
Q
amitriptyline PC
A
tricyclic antidepressant
25
amitriptyline MOA
increases synaptic concentration of serotonin &/or norepinephrine in CNS by inhibition of their reuptake
26
amitriptyline use
major DD// cyclic vomiting syndrome, fibromyalgia, h/a, IBS
27
amitriptyline admin
oral-night/evening
28
amitriptyline AE
anticholinergic- constipation, xerostomia, blurry vision, urinary retention, CNS depression, bleeding, fractures, hyponatremia, orthostatic hypotension, SI, withdrawal, serotonin syndrome,
29
amitriptyline MP
mental status, behavior changes, GI symptoms, vital signs
30
amlodipine PC
calcium channel blocker (CCB)
31
amlodipine MOA
inhibits calcium ion from entering "slow channels"
32
amlodipine use
angina, HTN, // raynaud phenomenon
33
amlodipine admin
oral w/o regards to meals
34
amlodipine AE
peripheral edema
35
amlodipine MP
HR, BP, edema
36
amoxicillin PC
penicillin antibiotic
37
amoxicillin MOA
inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
38
amoxicillin use
ENT infections, H. pylori, lower resp infection, UTI // endocarditis
39
amoxicillin admin
oral
40
amoxicillin AE
diarrhea, C.diff, drug-induced enterocolitis
41
amoxicillin MP
renal/hepatic/hematological function; signs of sensitivity
42
amoxicillin/clavulanate PC
penicillin antibiotic
43
amoxicillin/clavulanate USE
lower resp. infection, otitis media, UTI, diabetic foot
44
amoxicillin/clavulanate admin
oral with food
45
amoxicillin/clavulanate MP
renal, hepatic function
46
atenolol PC
beta-blocker
47
atenolol MOA
blocks response to beta-adrenergic stimulation, no effect on beta2
48
atenolol USE
angina, HTN, MI // a fib/flutter, SVT, ventricular arrhythmias
49
atenolol ADMIN
oral w/o regards to meals
50
atenolol AE
bradycardia, hypotension, SVT, ventricular tachy, bronchospasm, fatigue, insomnia,
51
atenolol MP
BP, HR, kidney function, mental alertness, glucose, s/s bronchospasm
52
atorvastatin PC
HMG-COA reductase inhibitor
53
atorvastatin MOA
inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A
54
atorvastatin USE
hypercholesterolemia, prevention cardiovascular disease// post transplant
55
atorvastatin ADMIN
oral- suspension before meals, tablet- w/o regards to meals
56
atorvastatin AE
diarrhea, arthralgia, nasopharyngitis
57
atorvastatin MP
lipid panel, hepatic levels
58
azithromycin (systemic) PC
antibiotic, macrolide
59
azithromycin (systemic) MOA
inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis
60
azithromycin (systemic) USE
genital ulcer disease, acute COPD, otitis media, pelvic inflammatory disease, pneumonia, rhinosinusitis, skin, urethritis/cervicitis
61
azithromycin (systemic) ADMIN
IV/oral
62
azithromycin (systemic) AE
diarrhea, nausea, ototoxicity, C dif
63
azithromycin (systemic) MP
CBC w/dif, EKG
64
Cephalexin MOA
inhibits cell wall synthesis
65
Cephalexin PC
cephalosporin anitbiotic
66
Cephalexin USE
bone infections. otitis media, respiratory tract infections, skin, soft tissue, UTI//endocarditis, prosthetic joint
67
Cephalexin ADMIN
oral
68
Cephalexin AE
C.dif, hemolytic anemia,
69
Cephalexin MP
renal, hepatic, hematologic function
70
cetirizine (systemic) PC
histamine H1 antagonist
71
cetirizine (systemic) MOA
competes w/histamine for H1-receptor sites on effector cells
72
cetirizine (systemic) USE
allergic rhinitis, urticaria// anaphylaxis, angioedema,
73
cetirizine (systemic) ADMIN
oral, IV over 1-2 mins
74
cetirizine (systemic) AE
drowsiness, fatigue, psychosis, delusion, h/a
75
cetirizine (systemic) MP
relief of symptoms, mental alertness
76
clonazepam PC
benzodiazepine
77
clonazepam MOA
enhance activity of GABA
78
clonazepam USE
panic disorders, seizures disorders// anxiety, agitation, TD, verigo
79
clonazepam ADMIN
C-IV, oral
80
clonazepam AE
ataxia, behavioral problems, dizziness, drowsiness, CNS effects, anterograde amnesia
81
clonazepam MP
mental alertness, CBC, liver/renal tests, suicidality
82
clopidogrel (plavix) PC
antiplatelet, thienopyridine
83
clopidogrel (plavix) MOA
blocks P2Y12 component of ADP receptors
84
clopidogrel (plavix) USE
acute coronary syndrome, ST-elevation (&non), MI, stroke//carotid artery
85
clopidogrel (plavix) ADMIN
oral w/o regards to food
86
clopidogrel (plavix) AE
bleeding
87
clopidogrel (plavix) MP
signs of bleeding; HMG & HCT
88
cyclobenzaprine PC
skeletal muscle relaxant
89
cyclobenzaprine MOA
reduces tonic somatic motor activity influencing alpha & gamma motor neurons
90
cyclobenzaprine USE
muscle spasms// fibromyalgia, temporomandibular disorder
91
cyclobenzaprine ADMIN
oral, same time each day
92
cyclobenzaprine AE
xerostomia, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, constipation, urinary retention, CNS depression
93
cyclobenzaprine MP
mental alertness, s/s serotonin syndrome, mental status change, GI symptoms
94
escitalopram PC
antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
95
escitalopram MOA
selectively inhibits reuptake of serotonin
96
escitalopram USE
GAD, MDD// binge eating, bulimia, OCD, PTSD, SAD
97
escitalopram ADMIN
oral once daily
98
escitalopram AE
diarrhea, nausea, ejaculatory disorders, h/a, insomnia, drowsiness, activation of mania, bleeding, fractures, hyponatremia, QT prolong, SI, ED
99
escitalopram MP
EKG, electrolytes, liver and renal function, mental status (SI)
100
esomeprazole PC
proton pump inhibitor
101
esomeprazole MOA
suppresses gastric acid secretion by inhibition of H+/K+-ATPase in gastric parietal cell
102
esomeprazole USE
GI bleed, GERD, heartburn/peptic ulcer disease, pre-endoscopy
103
esomeprazole ADMIN
oral w/water, IV, NG tube
104
esomeprazole AE
h/a, fractures, hypomagnesemia, enteric infections
105
esomeprazole MP
rebleeding, mag, calcium, bone loss & fractures
106
fluoxetine PC
antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
107
fluoxetine MOA
inhibits CNS neuron reuptake
108
fluoxetine USE
bipolar disorder, bulimia nervosa, MDD, OCD, panic disorder, premenstrual dysphoric disorder// binge eating, body dysmorphic, fibromyalgia, GAD, PTSD, premature ejaculation, SAD
109
fluoxetine ADMIN
w/o regards to meals
110
fluoxetine AE
decreased libido, anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, xerostomia, sexual disorder, anxiety, h/a, insomnia, nervousness, tremor, yawning, asthenia, fractures, SI
111
fluoxetine MP
glucose, renal & liver function, EKG, mental changes
112
fluticasone PC
inhalant corticosteroid
113
fluticasone MOA
utilizes a fluorocarbothioate ester linkage at the 17 carbon position; extremely potent vasoconstrictive and anti-inflammatory activity
114
fluticasone USE
asthma maintenance//COPD
115
fluticasone ADMIN
oral inhalation
116
fluticasone AE
oral candidiasis, fatigue, h/a, malaise, arthralgia, musculoskeletal pain, nasal congestion, rhinitis, sinusitis, throat irritation, upper respiratory tract infection
117
fluticasone MP
growth, s/s oral candidiasis, peak flow (pulmonary tests), asthma symptoms, bone mineral density, hepatic impairment, glaucoma/cataracts
117
fluticasone & salmeterol PC
beta 2 agonist; corticosteroid
118
fluticasone & salmeterol MOA
anti-inflammatory; relaxes smooth muscles by action on beta 2 receptors
119
fluticasone & salmeterol USE
asthma mainenance/controller, COPD
120
fluticasone & salmeterol ADMIN
rinse mouth with water after
121
fluticasone & salmeterol AE
h/a, upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, pharyngitis,
122
fluticasone & salmeterol MP
FEV1, peak flow, pulmonary tests, BP, HR, CNS stimulation, bone mineral density, growth
123
furosemide PC
loop diuretic; antihypertensive
124
furosemide MOA
Primarily inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of Henle and proximal and distal renal tubules
125
furosemide MP
BP, electrolytes, kidney function, I/Os
126
furosemide USE
edema or fluid overload
127
furosemide ADMIN
oral- with or w/o food
IV- 20-40 mg per minute
SUBQ
128
furosemide AE
AKI, fluid/electrolyte loss, ototoxicity
129
gabapentin PC
antiseizure agent
130
gabapentin MOA
structurally related to GABA
131
gabapentin MP
renal function, suicidality, mental alertness, resp depression, sedation
132
gabapentin USE
postherpetic neuralgia, seizures//
alcohol w/d, GAD, hiccups, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, restless legs syndrome
133
gabapentin ADMIN
oral w/o regards to meals, at bedtime
134
gabapentin AE
CNS/resp depression
suicidal ideation
viral infections, ataxia, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue
135
heparin PC
anticoagulant
136
heparin MOA
inactivates thrombin, prevents conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
137
heparin USE
thrombotic disorders, (non) ST- elevation acute coronary syndromes
138
heparin ADMIN
SUBQ
continuous IV
not IM
139
heparin AE
major bleeding
osteoporosis
thrombocytopenia
140
heparin MP
hmg/hct, platelet count, PT,
s/s of bleeding
141
hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) PC
analgesic combo (opioid)
142
hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) MOA
binds to opiate receptors
activation of descending serotonergic inhibitory pathways in the CNS
143
hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) MP
pain relief, resp/mental status, BP, bowel function, s/s of misuse or abuse
144
hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) USE
pain management
145
hydrocodone and acetaminophen (paracetamol) ADMIN
oral- controlled substance
146
hydrochlorothiazide PC
thiazide diuretic
147
hydrochlorothiazide MOA
inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules causing increased excretion
148
hydrochlorothiazide MP
BP, I/Os, electrolytes, BUN/creatinine, ocular pain
149
hydrochlorothiazide USE
edema, fluid overload, HTN//
Diabetes Insipidus
150
hydrochlorothiazide ADMIN
oral- early in day
151
hydrochlorothiazide AE
electrolyte disturbances, gout, ocular effects, allergic reactions
152
hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene PC
K+ sparing thiazide diuretic
153
hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene MOA
Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules causing increased excretion
Blocks epithelial sodium channels in the late distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and collecting duct which inhibits sodium reabsorption from the lumen
154
hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene MP
BP, electrolytes, BUN/creatinine, LFTs, signs of hyperkalemia
155
hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene USE
HTN, edema//
meniere disease
156
hydrochlorothiazide & triamterene ADMIN
oral w/o regards to food
157
hydromorphone PC
opioid analgesic
158
hydromorphone MOA
binds to opioid receptors
159
hydromorphone MP
pain relief, resp/mental status, BP, bowel function, s/s misuse abuse
160
hydromorphone USE
pain management
sedation
161
hydromorphone ADMIN
SUBQ
IV- slow over 2-3 mins
162
hydromorphone AE
constipation
neurotoxicity, pruritis, respiratory depression, w/d
163
lansoprazole PC
proton pump inhibitor
164
lansoprazole MOA
decreases acid secretion in gastric parietal cells (H+, K+)
165
lansoprazole MP
liver/kidney function
bone loss & fractures
166
lansoprazole USE
GERD, peptic ulcer disease, hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome)//
stress ulcer prophylaxis
167
lansoprazole ADMIN
oral- 30-60 mins before a meal (breakfast)
NG tube
168
levetiracetam PC
antiseizure agent
169
levetiracetam MOA
facilitation of GABA-ergic inhibitory transmission through displacement of negative modulators
170
levetiracetam MP
diastolic BP
171
levetiracetam USE
focal onset seizures; generalized onset seizures//
craniotomy, status epilepticus, TBI
172
levetiracetam AE
CNS depression, vomiting, increased BP, infection, asthenia, behavioral changes, drowsiness, fatigue, h/a, irritability, nasopharyngitis
173
levofloxacin PC
antibiotic, fluroquinolone
174
levofloxacin MOA
inhibits DNA-gyrase in susceptible organisms thereby inhibits relaxation of supercoiled DNA and promotes breakage of DNA strands
175
zolpidem PC
hypnotic; nonbenzo benzo receptor agonist
176
zolpidem MOA
enhances activity of inhibitory neurotransmitter [GABA]
177
zolpidem MP
daytime alertness, RR, behavior, tolerance/abuse
178
zolpidem USE
insomnia
179
zolpidem ADMIN
immediately before bed
180
zolpidem AE
CNS depression, SI, w/d, dizziness, drowsiness, h/a, action while sleeping
181
warfarin PC
vitamin K antagonist
182
warfarin MOA
active vitamin K is oxidatively converted to inactive form
183
warfarin MP
prothrombin time, INR, hematocrit
184
warfarin USE
MI, thrombotic complications
185
warfarin ADMIN
oral-once daily @ same time
186
warfarin AE
hemorrhage, decreased bone mineral density
187
venlafaxine PC
antidepressant, serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
188
venlafaxine MOA
inhibitors of neural serotonin & norepinephrine reuptake & weak inhibitors of dopamine reuptake
189
venlafaxine MP
BP, lipid panel, hx of BH
190
venlafaxine USE
GAD, MDD, panic disorder, SAD//
migraine, neuropathic pain, OCD, PTSD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder
191
venlafaxine ADMIN
oral w/food
192
venlafaxine AE
bleeding, fragility fractures, hepatotoxicity, hyponatremia, ocular effects, serotonin syndrome, SD, SI, diaphoresis, wt loss, anorexia, nausea, xerostomia, asthenia, dizziness, drowsiness, insomnia,
193
trazadone PC
antidepressant, serotonin reuptake inhibitor/antagonist
194
trazadone AE
cardiac arrhythmias, ortho hypo, SI, w/d, n/v, xerostomia, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, h/a, nervousness, blurred vision,
195
trazadone ADMIN
oral
196
trazadone USE
MDD//
dementia, insomnia
197
trazadone MP
liver function, worsening thinking,
198
trazadone MOA
inhibits reuptake of serotonin, blocks H1 & alpha-adrenergic receptors
199
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole PC
antibiotic, sulfonamide derivative
200
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole AE
c dif, hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hepatotoxicity,
201
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ADMIN
IV, oral w/ 8 oz water
202
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole USE
UTI// animal & human bite, diabetic foot infection
203
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole MP
CBC, electrolytes, renal function
204
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole MOA
interferes w/bacterial folic acid synthesis, inhibits dihydrofolic acid reduction
205
sertraline PC
antidepressant, SSRI
206
sertraline AE
bleeding, fragility, hyponatremia, ocular effects, serotonin syndrome, SD,SI, w/d, diahrrea, nausea, xerostomia, dizziness, drowsiness,
207
sertraline ADMIN
oral
208
sertraline USE
MDD, OCD, Panic disorder, PTSD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, SAD//
binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa, GAD, premature ejaculation
209
sertraline MP
ht, wt, BMI, thinking
210
sertraline MOA
selective inhibitory effects on presynaptic serotonin (5-HT) reuptake
211
paroxetine PC
antidepressant, SSRI
212
paroxetine AE
bleeding, fragility, hyponatremia, ocular effects, serotonin syndrome, SD,SI, w/d, diaphoresis, decreased libido, constipation, nausea, asthenia, dizziness, drowsiness, h/a, insomnia, dyspepsia, ejaculatory disorder
213
paroxetine ADMIN
oral w/o regards to meals, morning
214
paroxetine USE
GAD, MDD, OCD, panic disorder, PTSD, SAD, premenstrual dysphoric disorder// body dismorphic disorder, premature ejaculation
215
paroxetine MP
renal/liver function, thinking
216
paroxetine MOA
inhibition of serotonin reuptake from brain synapse stimulated serotonin activity in the brain
