Programming languages

Question 1

Define a programming paradigm

Answer 1

The approach a programming language takes to defining a program

Question 2

What’s in assembly language

Answer 2

• Mnemonics are used in place of machine code instruction
• The set of instructions varies from processor to processor
• Low level languages offer a high level of control

Question 3

Name 4 high-level paradigms

Answer 3

• Procedural
• Object-oriented
• Functional
• Declarative

Question 4

What is a procedural language and give examples

Answer 4

Instructions are given in sequence. These instructions can be grouped into subroutines that can be called throughout the program.
e.g. C, Python

Question 5

What is a object-oriented language

Answer 5

The solution is represented by objects that interact. e.g. Java, C++

Question 6

What is a functional language

Answer 6

A description of the solution to a problem is built up through a collection of functions.
e.g. Haskell, ML

Question 7

What is a declarative language

Answer 7

The characteristics of a solution are stated, rather than stating how the problem is solved. e.g. Prolog, SQL

Question 8

What are the 11 instructions in LMC and their functions

Answer 8

ADD - Add
SUB - Sub
STA - Store value from ACC to memory
LDA - Load value from memory to ACC
BRA - Branch always
BRP - Branch if positive
BRZ - Branch if zero
INP - Input
OUT - Output
HLT - End program
DAT - Data location