Progression Exam P3 (Mock Exam) Flashcards by Clarissa Santori

(SATA) Which of the following are true about methadone?
a. It can cause QT prolongation
b. For addiction, it should be dosed every 4-6 hours
c. For severe pain, it should be dosed every 8-12 hours
d. It can cause respiratory depression

a, c, d

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Why should ketorolac IV use be limited to 5 days?
a. Prolonged use may increase blood pressure
b. Prolonged use may lead to renal toxicity
c. Prolonged use may increase cardiovascular risk
d. Prolonged use may lead to liver toxicity

c?
Black box warning: Max duration of use 5 days. Increased risk of thrombotic events, GI effects and bleeding.

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What is the mechanism of action of Jardiance?

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (-flozin)

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(SATA) Which of the following are examples of sulfonylureas?
a. Glimepiride
b. Glipizide
c. Glyburide
d. Sitagliptin

a, b, c (sitagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor)

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Filgrastim is used in the treatment of which of the following conditions?
a. Hypertension
b. Headache
c. Neutropenia following bone marrow transplant
d. Anemia in patients with chronic renal failure

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Which of the following drugs is associated with causing vivid dreams, confusion, and other CNS effects?
a. Ziagen
b. Amoxicillin
c. Efavirenz
d. Lopinavir/ritonavir

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(SATA) Which of the following are thiazide diuretics?
a. Chlorothiazide
b. Chlorthalidone
c. Hydrochlorothiazide
d. Chlordiazepoxide

a, b, c

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Memantine is effective in moderate to severe Alzheimer’s dementia via which mechanism?
a. Azetylcholinesterase inhibition
b. Serotonin reuptake inhibition
c. N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism
d. Dopamine receptor agonist

c (Namenda)

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Prasugrel belongs to which medication class?
a. Antiplatelet, thienopyridines
b. Antihypertensives
c. Anticoagulants
d. Antibiotics

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Which medication should be avoided in patients with known serious structural cardiac abnormalities, coronary artery disease […] sudden death?
a. Memantine
b. Methocarbamol
c. Escitalopram
d. Lisdexamfetamine

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Cytarabine is commonly used to treat which of the following cancers?
a. Lung cancer
b. Breast cancer
c. Colon cancer
d. Acute myelogenous leukemia

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Which of the following is true regarding Tylenol #3?
a. CYP2D6 inhibitors may decrease the efficacy
b. It should not be used in children
c. As a schedule III controlled substance, it cannot be refilled
d. Constipation is uncommon

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Which of the following causes apoptosis in tumor cells by inhibiting cell mitosis?
a. Gemcitabine
b. Gleevec
c. Paraplatin
d. Taxol

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(SATA) Which of the following statements regarding carbidopa/levidopa is/are correct?
a. Therapeutic effects may take weeks to months to achieve
b. Some patients may require QID dosing or use more than one dosage strength for adequate control
c. Use of concurrent MAO inhibitors is contraindicated
d. Parcopa is an extended-release formulation

b, c, d

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Which of the following classes of medications can reduce GI ulcers in high-risk patients?
a. Alpha-1 antagonists
b. Histamine-2 antagonists
c. Antacids
d. Subsalicylates

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What is the mechanism of action of fibrates?
a. Stimulate peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARμ)
b. PPARβ
c. PPARα
d. PPARγ

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Which of the following effects is a result of the drug interaction between fentanyl and antipsychotic agents?
a. Increased analgesic effects
b. Enhanced hypotensive effects
c. Serotonin syndrome
d. Increased sedation

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Milrinone directly produces which of the following effects?
a. Increased heart rate
b. Increased contractility and cardiac output
c. Increased urine output
d. Increased vasoconstriction and blood pressure

b (a. would be chronotropic)

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(SATA) Which of the following medications contain estrogen?
a. Premarin
b. Estraderm
c. Climara
d. Depo-Provera

a, b, c

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Which of the following agents may be used as a prokinetic agent in patients with diabatic gastroparesis and as an [antacid?]
a. Dicyclomine
b. Simethicone
c. Metoclopramide
d. Prochlorperazine

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Which of the following is a correct counseling point for the fentanyl transdermal patches?
a. They must be cut to size
b. Fever can decrease absorption
c. They should be placed on the same painful area each time
d. They should be worn for 72 hours before replacing

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What do Miacalcin and Fosamax have in common?
a. Abdominal pain is the most common adverse reaction of both medications
b. They both have an oral formulation
c. Antacids may decrease the absorption of both medications
d. They are both used for the treatment of osteoporosis

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Which of the following is the preferred antihistamine to use when needed during pregnancy?
a. Fexofenadine
b. Loratidine
c. Hydroxyzine
d. Promethazine

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All of the following are brand names for fenofibrate EXCEPT
a. Triglide
b. TriCor
c. Lopid
d. Antara

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Which of the following is an example of a biguanide? a. Amaryl b. Januvia c. Actos d. Glucophage

Which drug should not be given to a patient with a sulfonamide allergy? a. Amoxicillin b. Septra c. Augmentin d. Tetracycline

What is the mechanism of action of Bentyl? a. Acts peripherally on opioid receptors b. Blocks the action of acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites c. Blocks H+/K+ ATP-ase in the gastric parietal cells d. Competitively inhibits histamine at H2 receptors

Which of the following drugs is a drug of choice for methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections? a. Neosporin b. Amoxicillin c. Vancomycin d. Rifampin

There is an FDA black box warning that states there is an increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children and adolescents for what drugs? a. Antipsychotic agents, especially the newer ones b. Antidepressants c. Anti-anxiety agents, including benzodiazepines d. None of the above

Which of the following represents the most common adverse reactions seen with donepezil? a. Weight gain b. Somnolence c. Rash d. Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)

Which of the following is an indication for Neulasta therapy? a. Hepatitis b. MI c. Neutropenia associated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy d. Anemia associated with chronic renal failure

What is the antidote for unfractionated heparin? a. Vitamin K b. Potassium c. Protamine d. Vitamin B12

(SATA) Which of the following are black box warnings for valproate/divalproex medications? a. Pancreatitis b. Rash c. Teratogenicity d. Hepatotoxicity

a, c, d

(SATA) Which of the following are common adverse reactions of Synthroid? a. Fatigue b. Weight gain c. Heat intolerance d. Decreased appetite

a, c, d

Which of the following is NOT a Schedule C-II controlled substance a. Lisdexamfetamine b. Methylphenidate c. Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine d. Modafinil

Which antifungal is a nephrotoxin? a. Itraconazole b. Amphotericin B c. Fluconazole d. Vorizonazole (oral)

Which of the following medications have been associated with rare cases of osteonecrosis of the jaw? a. Thyroid replacement therapy b. High-dose steroids c. Progestin-only contraceptives d. Bisphosphonates

Lubiprostone is the first agent in a new class of drugs used to treat what condition? a. Gastroesophageal reflux b. Irritable bowel syndrome with constipation c. NSAID-induced ulcers d. Motion sickness

(SATA) Which of the following is an indication for bivalirudin therapy? a. STEMI undergoing PCI b. HIT c. UA/NSTEMI d. None of the above

a, b

Which of the following is not an essential monitoring parameter of amiodarone? a. Liver function tests b. Thyroid c. Pulmonary function tests d. Renal function

Sumatriptan is contraindicated for use in patients with: a. Renal impairment b. Ischemic heart disease c. Gout d. Seizure disorder

Which of the following is true regarding the extended release formulation of oxycodone? a. It should be dosed every 12 hours b. It has a maximum daily dose of 200 mg c. It can be crushed if patient cannot swallow the tablets d. It is a controlled substance schedule III

Nifedipine is used for which of the following indications? a. Atrial fibrillation b. Heart failure c. Acute myocardial infarction d. Chronic stable angina

(SATA) Adverse effects of spironolactone include: a. Lupus-like syndrome b. Hyperkalemia c. Gynecomastia d. Renal dysfunction

b, c, d?

Use of which of the following drugs is contraindicated during therapy with rituximab? a. Dexamethasone b. Attenuated influenza vaccine c. Diphenhydramine d. Live vaccines

(SATA) Which of the following are brand names of metformin? a. Diabeta b. Glumetza c. Riomet d. Fortamet

b, c, d

Which statins are NOT metabolized through the CYP3A4 system?

pravastatin, fluvastatin, and rosuvastatin

Which of the following is true regarding Percocet? a. It commonly causes constipation b. It is a schedule III controlled substance c. It is indicated for mild pain d. It contains oxycodone and ibuprofen

Which of the following drugs primarily works by decreasing hepatic glucose production? a. Januvia b. Glucophage c. Actos d. Micronase

Which oral antidiabetic agent works primarily by reducing hepatic glucose production?

Metformin

Which of the following antineoplastic agents is also commonly used for rheumatoid arthritis? a. Purinethol b. Capecitabine c. Cytoxan d. Methotrexate

Which of the following is true regarding PCSK9 inhibitors? a. No study has shown a reduction in cardiovascular morbidity b. Administered orally c. Provide an additional 10% reduction in LDL-C d. Enhance recycling of LDL receptors

d? (studies have shown risk reduction, they are SQ only, and more like 60-70% reduction)

Which antiretroviral drug is associated with severe hypersensitivity reactions that can be predicted by genetic testing?

Abacavir

(SATA) Which of the following medications should not be taken with bisphosphonates? a. Tums b. Oral contraceptives c. NSAIDs d. Penicillin

Which medication is the drug of choice for initial treatment of a newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes and no contraindications?

Metformin

Which of the following is a side effect of rapid withdrawal of high-dose glucocorticosteroids? a. Hyperglycemia b. Adrenal insufficiency c. Weight gain d. Thrombocytopenia

(SATA) Which of the following are associated with infusion reactions? a. Trastuzumab b. Methotrexate c. Rituximab d. Paclitaxel

a, c, d?

Which of the following kills tumors by causing strand breaks in DNA resulting in cell death? a. Capecitabine b. Docetaxel c. Mercaptopurine d. Cyclophosphamide

Which of the following should be monitored in patients taking sotalol? a. TSH b. SCr c. PFTs d. AST/ALT

Which of the following is a β-1 selective β-blocker? a. Labetalol b. Carvedilol c. Atenolol d. Propranolol

c (metoprolol, atenolol, bisoprolol, esmolol, nebivolol)

A physician calls the pharmacy asking for a recommendation to help treat a patient with mild GERD. While talking to the physician, you learn that the patient [dialysis?] week. Which of the following H2 receptor agonists requires a dosing adjustment? a. Tagamet b. Zantac c. Pepcid d. All of the above

What is the mechanism of action for spironolactone?

Aldosterone antagonist

How soon after taking Senna should a patient expect to have a bowel movement? a. 24-48 hours b. 15-30 minutes c. 1-2 hours d. 6-12 hours

Which of the following agents can cause rebound congestion if used for more than 3 days? a. Beconase AQ b. Nasacort c. Promethazine d. Dristan

Which of the following inhaled corticosteroids is available in combination with formoterol? a. Budesonide b. Fluticasone c. Beclomethasone d. Triamcinolone

Which lipid parameter do statins have the greatest effect on? a. LDL b. VLDL c. Triglycerides d. HDL

Which class of antibiotics is commonly associated with dizziness, confusion, and other CNS disturbances?

fluoroquinolones

Which antidiabetic medication should be discontinued immediately and a healthcare provider notified if unexplained myalgia, malaise, or hyperventilation occurs?

metformin (lactic acidosis)

Which of the following drug class: medication pairs are CORRECT? a. Rabeprazole: H2 Antagonist b. Bismuth subsalicylate: Bulk-forming laxative c. Metoclopramide: Prokinetic agent d. Cimetidine: Anticholinergic

(SATA) Which of the following are appropriate monitoring parameters for digoxin? a. Renal function b. Potassium c. AST/ALT d. ECG

a, b, d (baseline and periodic SCr, electrolyte disturbances [K/Mg], ECG, confusion/depression)

Contraindications to fibrate therapy include which of the following? a. TG > 500 mg/dL b. Myocardial infarction c. Severe renal disease d. Anemia

c (or gallbladder disease/severe hepatic dysfunction)

One of the major side effects of bile acid sequestrants is: a. Elevated liver function enzymes b. Myopathy c. Constipation d. Increased glucose levels

(SATA) Which of the following are indications for the use of estradiol? a. Treatment of osteoporosis b. Treatment of vasomotor symptoms c. Treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding d. Prevention of osteoporosis

b, d?

Which of the following agents is an antitussive? a. Guaifenesin b. Promethazine c. Benzonatate d. Tiotropium

The Calvert formula, which estimated the dose needed to achieve a desired AUC target, is frequently used to dose which of the following medications? a. Cisplatin b. Doxorubicin c. Carboplatin d. Methotrexate

Which of the following is NOT a documented adverse effect with warfarin therapy? a. Purple toe syndrome b. Headache c. Skin necrosis d. Bleeding

Which of the following drugs is used to treat hepatitis C virus? a. Stribild b. Triumeq c. Reyataz d. Harvoni

(SATA) Which of the following statements about tamoxifen are true? a. Hot flashes are a common adverse reaction b. Tamoxifen increases bone loss in postmenopausal women c. Tamoxifen is used for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer d. Tamoxifen has no drug interactions

a, c

Which of the following has a warning against concomitant use with opioids, as this may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death? a. Modafinil b. Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine c. Lorazepam d. Phenytoin

Vytorin is a combination of which drugs?

Simvastatin and ezetimibe

Which of the following is not a loop diuretic? a. Exenatide b. Torsemide c. Furosemide d. Bumetanide

Which of the following agents would not require a dosage adjustment in an 86-year-old woman with a CCl < 30 mL/min a. Zantac b. Reglan c. Pepcid d. Imodium

Which of the following counseling points concerning Tums tablets is FALSE? a. Tablets should be chewed before swallowing b. Patients should consult their doctors if symptoms persist for longer than 2 weeks c. Tums may be taken at the same time as ciprofloxacin d. Patients should not take more than 7,000 mg of calcium carbonate daily

In combination with statin, ezetimibe can: a. Lower TG by an additional 35% b. Increase HDL by an additional 30% c. Lower TC by an additional 50% d. Lower LDL by an additional 25%

Which of the following drugs should be avoided with concurrent serotonergic drugs a. Vfend b. Zyvox c. Acyclovir d. Cleocin

Which of the following is an example of a tricyclic antidepressant? a. Ziprasidone b. Mirtazipine c. Nortriptyline d. Escitalopram

(SATA) Which of the following are common adverse reactions of high-dose glucocorticosteroids? a. Weight loss b. Glucose intolerance c. Gastrointestinal irritation d. Severe rash

b, c?

Which of the following is used to treat breast cancers that specifically overexpress the oncogene HER2/neu a. Trastuzumab b. Gemcitabine c. Imatinib d. Docetaxel

Which of the following drugs causes a major drug interaction when coadministered with warfarin? a. Amoxicillin b. Atenolol c. Amiodarone d. Amlodipine

What is the mechanism of action of sitagliptin?

Inhibits di-peptidyl peptidase-4

Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) genotyping may identify individuals at high risk for toxicity for which of the following agents? a. Trastuzumab b. Methotrexate c. Mercaptopurine d. Cytarabine

Which of the following conditions is NOT considered a reason to discontinue atorvastatin therapy? a. Developing active liver disease b. Normal LFT values c. Development of severe myopathy d. Becoming pregnant during therapy

(SATA) Which of the following are contraindications to the use of estrogen-containing products? a. Severe liver disease b. Severe dry skin c. Active thromboembolic disorders d. History of diabetes

a, c

Which drug should not be given simultaneously with calcium carbonate, a divalent cation? a. Cleocin b. Z-pak c. Levaquin d. Vancomycin

Insulin glargine can only be mixed with which of the following insulin in the same syringe? a. Regular b. Detemir c. NPH d. None of the above

d. None of the above Regular or short-acting can be mixed with NPH, but basal insulins cannot be mixed with anything

Which of the following antihistamines should you counsel patients to separate from administration of an antacid due to reduced absorption? a. Hydroxyzine b. Promethazine c. Fexofenadine d. Loratidine

Which is the recommended site of injection of an epinephrine auto-injector for the treatment of anaphylaxis? a. Abdomen b. Upper arm c. Chest d. Mid-thigh

Pyridoxine is frequently coadministered with _________ to prevent peripheral neuropathy a. Itraconazole b. Zovirax c. Rifampin d. Isoniazid

(SATA) Which of the following medications may cause weight gain? a. Insulin detemir b. Pioglitazone c. Glyburide d. Metformin

a, b, c

Which of the following inhalers contains a long-acting beta-2 agonist and an anticholinergic? a. Stiolto Respimat b. Advair c. Pulmicort d. Breo Ellipta

a. Stiolto Respimat (tiotropium/olodaterol) Advair is fluticasone/salmeterol, Pulmicort is budesonide, Breo Ellipta is fluticasone/vilanterol