Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Question 1

slimy outer coating

Answer 1

capsule

Question 2

tougher middle layer

Answer 2

cell wall

Question 3

delicate inner skin

Answer 3

cell membrane

Question 4

inner liquid filling

Answer 4

cytoplasm

Question 5

one big loop

Answer 5

DNA

Question 6

for sticking to things

Answer 6

pilli

Question 7

for swimming

Answer 7

flagella

Question 8

for building proteins

Answer 8

ribosomes

Question 9

all alone

Answer 9

unicellular

Question 10

Forms a film

Answer 10

colony

Question 11

Forms a chain of cells

Answer 11

filamentous

Question 12

Energy from sunlight

Answer 12

photosynthetic

Question 13

feed on living things

Answer 13

Diseases-causing

Question 14

feed on dead things

Answer 14

decomposers

Question 15

delicate lipid and protein skin around cytoplasm

Answer 15

cell membrane

Question 16

a membrane-bound sac evolved to store the cell’s chromosomes(DNA)
has pores: holes

Answer 16

nucleus

Question 17

inside nucleus
location of ribosome factory
made or RNA

Answer 17

nucleolus

Question 18

makes the cell’s energy

Answer 18

mitochondrion

Question 19

the more energy the cell needs, the more _______ it has

Answer 19

mitochondria

Question 20

build proteins from amino acids in cytoplasm
may be free-floating, or
may be attached to ER
made of RNA

Answer 20

Ribosomes

Question 21

part of an endoplasmic reticulum that builds lipids and carbohydrates

Answer 21

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 22

part of an endoplasmic reticulum that stores proteins made by attached ribosomes

Answer 22

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 23

takes in sacs of raw material from ER

Answer 23

Golgi Complex

Question 24

sends out sacs containing finished cell products

Answer 24

Golgi Complex

Question 25

digest worn out cell parts digest food absorbed by cell

Answer 25

Lysosomes

Question 26

sacs filled with digestive enzymes

Answer 26

Lysosomes

Question 27

pair of bundled tubes organize cell division

Answer 27

Centriole

Question 28

gives shape to cell & moves organelles around inside.

Answer 28

Cytoskeleton

Question 29

very strong, protects cell from rupturing, glued to other cells next door

Answer 29

Cell Wall

Question 30

call wall is made of _____

Answer 30

celloluse

Question 31

huge water-filled sac keeps cell pressurized stores starch

Answer 31

Vacuole

Question 32

turn solar energy into food energy

Answer 32

Cholroplasts

Question 33

Plant cell don't have

Answer 33

centriole

Question 34

cells work together as

Answer 34

tissues

Question 35

tissues can work together as

Answer 35

organs

Question 36

Advantages of each kind of cell architecture: Prokaryotes

Answer 36

Simple and easy to grow, Fast reproduction, all the same

Question 37

Advantages of each kind of cell architecture: Eukaryotes

Answer 37

can specialize, multicellularity, can build large bodies

Question 38

specialized to detoxify blood and store glucose as glycogen.

Answer 38

Liver cells

Question 39

specialized to deliver DNA to egg cell

Answer 39

Sperm cells

Question 40

specialized to capture as much light as possible inside a leaf

Answer 40

Mesophyll cell

Question 41

Some cells crawl with ____

Answer 41

Pseudopods

Question 42

Some cells swim with a _____

Answer 42

Flagellum

Question 43

Some cells can swim very fast with _______

Answer 43

Cilia

Question 44

means “fake feet” extensions of cell membrane

Answer 44

Pseodopods

Question 45

give an example of pseodopods

Answer 45

Amoeba

Question 46

large whip-like tail pushes or pulls cell through water can be single, or a pair

Answer 46

Flagellum/flagella

Question 47

fine, hair-like extensions attached to cell membrane beat in unison

Answer 47

cilia

Question 48

in 1981, ________ popularized the “endosymbiont theory

Answer 48

Lynn Margulis

Question 49

a prokaryote ancestor “eats” a smaller prokaryote the smaller prokaryote evolves a way to avoid being digested, and lives inside its new “host” cell kind of like a pet.

Answer 49

Endosymbiont Theory

Question 50

"Endo" means

Answer 50

inside

Question 51

"Symbiont"

Answer 51

Friend

Question 52

______are tiny green cells that live inside some amoeba

Answer 52

Chlorella

Question 53

the small prokaryotes that can do ________ evolve into chloroplasts, and “pay” their host with glucose.

Answer 53

photosynthesis

Question 54

The smaller prokaryotes that can do _________ evolve into mitochondria, and convert the glucose into energy the cell can use

Answer 54

aerobic respiration