Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes Flashcards
unicellular
consisting of a single cell e.g. spores
multicellular
having/consisting of multiple cells
genetic material
branch of biology concerned with gene study, gene variation and heredity in organisms
nucleus
membrane bound organelle that contains genetic material of eukaryotic organisms
membrane bound
surrounded by a plasma membrane to keep their internal fluids separate from the cytoplasm of the rest of the cell
organelles
number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell
mitochondrion
organelles found in large numbers in most cells, where the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.
chloroplasts
a plastid in green plant cells that contains chlorophyll and where photosynthesis takes place
binary fission
division of a single cell entity into two or more parts and the regeneration of those parts to separate entities resembling the original
mitosis
cell division that results in two daughter cells both of which have the same number and chromosome types as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
phylogenetic tree
a tree showing evolutionary relationships between different biological species or other entities based on similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics
the tree of life
a fundamental widespread mytheme or archetype in many of the world’s mythologies, religious and philosophical traditions
kingdoms
second highest taxonomic rank just below domain
common ancestor
a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time
evolve
change over a certain period of time
