PROKARYOTIC CELL Flashcards
(17 cards)
DEFINE PROKARYOTIC CELL?
the cells that do not have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
- Smaller in size
- Multiply Rapidly
EXAMPLES
- BACTERIA (MONERA-ARCHYBACTERIA, ACTIBACTERIA)
- BLUE GREEN ALGAE
- MYCOPLASMA (PPLO)
SHAPES
- COCCUS = ગોલાણુ
- BASSICLUS = દાંડાણુ
- VIBRIO = COMA
- SPIRILLIUM = સર્પાણુ
IT CONTAINS…
- GLYCOCALYCS
- CELL WALL
- PLASMA-MEMBRANE
- NUCLEOID
- PLASMID
- CHROMATOPHORE
- MESOSOME
- FLAGELLA
- FIMBREA
- SEX PILUS ( PILLIE )
- 70S RIBOSOMES
- INCLUSION BODIES
EXAMPLES OF PROKARYOTIC CELL?
EXAMPLES
- BACTERIA (MONERA-ARCHYBACTERIA, ACTIBACTERIA)
- BLUE GREEN ALGAE
- MYCOPLASMA (PPLO)
SHAPES OF PROKARYOTIC CELL?
SHAPES
- COCCUS = ગોલાણુ
- BASSICLUS = દાંડાણુ
- VIBRIO = COMA
- SPIRILLIUM = સર્પાણુ
DEFINE POLYSOME/POLYRIBOSOME?
FOUND IN BACTERIA DURING TRANSLATION / PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.
MANY RIBOSOMES GET ASSOSIATED WITH SINGLE m-RNA IS CALLED POLYSOME / POLYRIBOSOME.
DEFINE PROKARYOTIC CELL ENVELOPE?
- 3 LAYERED
- GLYCOCALYCS
- CELL WALL
- CELL-MEMBRANE
- HELPS IN PROTECTION
DEFINE GLYCOKALYCS?
- MADE OF MUCUS (MYCOPOLYSACCARIDE)
- RIGID = CAPSULE
- LOSE SHEETH= SLIME LAYER
FUNCTIONS
- PROTECT FROM HOST IMMUNE SYSTEM
- ADHESION (TO STICK WITH SURFACE OR HOST)
- PREVENT LOSS OF WATER AND NUTRITION
DEFINE BECTERIAL CELL WALL?
- NON-CELLULOSIC
MADE OF - PEPTIDOGLYCANE (MOSTLY)
- NAM( N-ACITYLE MURAMIC ACID ) OR
NAG ( N-ACITYLE GLUSAMIC ACID ) - ANINO ACID ( PEPTIDE BOND)
SOME EXAMPLES
- ARCHYBACTERIA = PSUEDOMUREIN
- EUBACTERIA = MUREIN ( PEPTIDOGLYCANE )
ITS RIGID, NON-LIVING AND PROVIDES SHAPE AND STRUCTURE.
DEFINE BACTERIAL CELL MEMBRANE?
SAME IN ALL LIVING ORGANISMS
- SELECTIVELY PERMIABLE
- CONNECTS WITH OUTER WORLD
- HEFENOIDS(PROTEIN) PROVIDES STABILITY
- CONTAINS RESPIRATORY ENZYMES
- FORMS MESOSOME AND CHROMATOFORE BY INVAGINATION OF CELL MEMBRANE
DEFINE NUCLEOID?
- ALSO CALLED GENOFORE
- SINGLE CHROMOSOME OF BACTERIA
- MAIN GENETIC MATERIAL OF BACTERIA
- NAKED DNA DUE TO ABSENCE OF HISTONE PROTEIN
DEFINE CHROMATOFORE?
- INVAGINATION OF CELL MEMBRANE
- CONTAINS PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENT LIKE CHLOROPHYLL
- HELPS IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS
DEFINE MESOSOME?
- DIFFERENT SHAPES = TUBULE, VASICLE, LAMELLY
- TYPICAL FEATURE OF BACTERIA
- INVAGINATION OF CELL MEMBRANE
FUNCTIONS
- CELL-WALL FORMATION
- RESPIRATION
- SECRETION
- DNA REPLICATION
- DNA DISTRIBUTION
- HELPS IN BINARY FUSION
DEFINE FLAGELLA?
- EXTENSION OF CELL WALL
- SINGLE THREAD OF FLAGGELIN PROTEIN
- ( 9 + 2 ) ARRANGEMENT ABSENT
- PROVIDES MOTILITY
PARTS
- BASEL BODY = B/W CELL MEMBRANE AND CELL WALL
- HOOK
- FILAMENT
FUNCTION OF FIMBREA?
ADHESION : HELPS BACTERIA TO SIT OR STAY ON HOST OR ANYTHING
FUNCTION OF PLLIE?
- HELPS IN CONJUCTION (TRANSFER OF DNA INTO ANOTHER BACTERIA)
- MADE OF PILLIN PROTEIN
DEFINE BECTERIAL RIBOSOME?
- 70 S
- PROTEIN FACTORY
- 15-20 Nm of VOLUME
DEFINE PLASTID?
- DS-DNA CIRCULAR
- INDEPENDENT REPLICATION
- EXTRA CHROMOSOMAL
- NAKED DUE TO ABSENCE OF HISTONE PROTEIN
- G-C RICH
DEFINE INCLUSION BODIES?
- RESERVED FOOD MATERIAL
- GLYCOGEN GRANULE
- PHOSPHATE GRANULE
- CYNOPHASIAN GRANULE ( PIGMENTS )
- GAS GRANULE ( PSEUDO GRANULES ) = FOUND IN BGA, PURPLE BACTERIA, GREEN BACTERIA, SULPHUR BACTERIA )
