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AP Psych > Prologue > Flashcards

Prologue Flashcards

0
Q

Who was Plato?

A

Student of Socrates, nature side of debate, mind is separable, knowledge is innate

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1
Q

Define Psychology

A

Scientific study of behavior and mental process

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2
Q

Who is Socrates?

A

Teacher of Plato, the mind is separable from the body, continues after the body dies, knowledge is innate, nature

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3
Q

Who is Aristotle?

A

Soul isn’t separable from mind, knowledge is observed, pre-existing, grows from experience stored in memory

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4
Q

Who is Descartes?

A

Mind is separable from body, spirit animals, nerves enable reflexes did dissections, father of modern philosophy, mind and body distinct and inseparable,

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5
Q

Who is Francis Bacon

A

Scientific method, observation and hypothesis, nurture side of debate

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6
Q

Who was John Locke?

A

Mind at birth is a blank slate “tabula rosa”, coined empiricism

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7
Q

What is empiricism?

A

Coined by Locke, view that knowledge originates due to experience via senses, sciences flourishes through observation and experimentation

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8
Q

Who is Wilhelm Wundt?

A

“Atoms of the mind”, did the 1st experiment, 1st laboratory, he tested balls and looked at roses

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9
Q

What is structuralism?

A

Early study of psychology that used introspection to explore the elemental structure of the mind, Titchener coined

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10
Q

Who was Edward Titchener?

A

Coined Structuralism, student of Wundt,

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11
Q

What is Introspection?

A

Looking forward

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12
Q

What is functionalism

A

School of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function, how they enable the organisms to adapt, survive, and flourish, coined by William James

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13
Q

William James

A

Founder of Functionalism, he let Mary Calkins study (1st to let a girl study at Harvard) disliked structuralism, conscience serves a purpose

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14
Q

Who was Mary Calkins?

A

Graduate student of William James, earned a Ph.D, 1st APA, American psychologist association president

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15
Q

Who was Margaret Floy Washburn?

A

1st Ph.D at Harvard, the animal mind

16
Q

What is humanistic psychology?

A

A perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people, used personalized methods to study personality in hopes of growth
Ex. Freud, Carl Rogers, and Abraham Moslow

17
Q

What is the Nature-Nurture Issue?

A

Debate over if genes and experience make to development of psychology traits and behaviors

18
Q

What is natural selection?

A

The best traits will be past on, Charles Darwin

19
Q

What is levels of analysis?

A

Differing complementary views, from biological, to psychological, to social culture, for analyzing a phenomenon

20
Q

Stone Age?

A

Trephining or chipping holes in he skull to let evil spirits out

21
Q

What is the evolutionary perspective?

A

How the natural selection of traits promote the perpetuation of ones genes!

22
Q

What is behavior genetics perspective?

A

How much our genes and environment influence our individual differences’

23
Q

What is the neuroscience perspective?

A

How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences

24
Q

What is the psychodynamic perspective?

A

Hidden unconscience motives/desires

25
Q

What is the behavioral perspective?

A

Observable behavior rather than the hidden mental

26
Q

What is the cognitive perspective?

A

How the mind organizes and makes sense of information and experiences, studies all aspects of thinking, problem solving, memories, and language

27
Q

What is the social-cultural perspective?

A

Studies how social surroundings and culture shape thinking and behavior

28
Q

What is basic research?

A

Pure science used to increase the scientific knowledge base

29
Q

What is applied research?

A

Scientific study aimed to solve practical problems

30
Q

Who is biological psychologists?

A

They study kinks between the brain and the mind

31
Q

Who are developmental psychologists?

A

Studying the changing abilities from womb to tomb

32
Q

Who are cognitive psychologists?

A

Experiment sigh how we perceive, think, and solve problems

33
Q

Who are personality psychologists?

A

Investigate out persistent traits

34
Q

Who are social psychologists?

A

The explore how we view and affect one another

35
Q

Who are counseling psychologists?

A

Assist people with problems and give them advice and medicine

36
Q

Who are clinical psychologists?

A

Studies, assesses, and treats people with clinical disorders

37
Q

What is Psychiatry?

A

Branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders, physicians who provide treatment

38
Q

What is phrenology?

A

Franz Gall, the reading of bumps on ones head to determine their personality!

AP Psych (3 decks)

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