Propaganda Flashcards
(23 cards)
Giving a person or an idea a bad label by using an easy to remember pejorative name.
- NAME CALLING or STEREOTYPING:
This is used to make us reject and condemn a person or idea without examining what the label really means.
- NAME CALLING or STEREOTYPING:
Examples: “Republican”, “Tree- Hugger”, “Nazi”, “Environmentalist”, “Special-Interest Group”.
- NAME CALLING or STEREOTYPING:
These words are used to dupe us into
accepting and approving of things without examining the evidence carefully.
- VIRTUE WORDS or GLITTERING GENERALITY:
Examples:
“Natural”, “Democratic”, “Organic”, “Scientific”, “Ecological”, “Sustainable”.
- VIRTUE WORDS or GLITTERING GENERALITY:
is when a symbol that carries respect, authority, sanction, and prestige is used along with an idea or argument to make it look more acceptable.
- TRANSFER
This method is also called GUILT- or VIRTUE-BY-ASSOCIATION.
- TRANSFER
When some respected celebrity (or alternatively someone generally hated) claims that an idea or product is good (or bad).
- TESTIMONIAL
This technique is used to convince us without examining the facts more carefully.
- TESTIMONIAL
This is a way that a speaker convinces an audience that an idea is good because they are the same ideas of the vast majority of people like yourself.
- PLAIN FOLKS
Examples: “This is the will of the People”, “Most all Filipinos…”. Another example would be when the speaker tells a story about a family or people that are “just like you” to reinforce the speaker’s point
of view.
- PLAIN FOLKS
This technique is used to convince the audience by using selected information and not presenting the complete story.
- DISTORTION OF DATA or OUT OF CONTEXT or CARD STACKING or CHERRY PICKING:
Examples: “A study was done that showed eating peanut butter causes liver cancer” (the fact that the study was later shown to be flawed or funded by the peanut butter haters and therefore suspect, is not revealed). A variation
would be “Raising the speed limit to 65 mph resulted in many fewer traffic fatalities”. Such statements need to be checked with how many people were driving before and after the change in speed limit. Fewer people may be driving after the speed limit change, even though the fatality rates (deaths per 100,000) may be higher, leading to the overall result of
fewer fatalities.
- DISTORTION OF DATA or OUT OF CONTEXT or CARD STACKING or CHERRY PICKING:
This common propaganda method is when the speaker tries to convince us to accept their point of view or else we will miss out on something really good.
- BAND WAGON
The ——— technique is often used in advertising.
- BAND WAGON
Examples: “This is the wave of the future”, “Be the first on your block”, “Act Now!”. You might ask yourself “What if I was the only one on my block because no one else was interested (duped)?”.
- BAND WAGON
This is when someone tries to claim there are only two sides to an issue and that both sides must have equal presentation in order to be evaluated.
- ARTIFICIAL DICHOTOMY
This technique is used to dupe us into believing there is only one way to look at an issue, when in fact there may be many alternative viewpoints or “sides”.
- ARTIFICIAL DICHOTOMY
Like most propaganda techniques it simplifies reality and therefore distorts it, often to the advantage of the speaker.
- ARTIFICIAL DICHOTOMY
A classic example is the “intelligent design” versus “evolution” controversy.
- ARTIFICIAL DICHOTOMY
This is when a comparison is carried to far.
- FAULTY ANALOGY
Example: “The economy is following the same path as right before the great depression, therefore we will experience a stock market crash soon!” SLIPPERY SLOPE would be an example of faulty
analogy. Slippery slope makes the argument that a shift in one direction will continue to lead to extremes (ex. smoking pot will lead to heroine addiction). It is not necessarily so.
- FAULTY ANALOGY
Weak inference is when a judgment is made with insufficient evidence, or that the conclusion does not necessarily follow from the evidence given.
- WEAK INFERENCE (or False Cause):
