Properties and Uses of Materials

Question 1

List 5 main material properties

Answer 1

• Solubility
• Thermal conductivity
• Electrical conductivity
• Melting point
• Boiling point

Question 2

Define a material

Answer 2

• Non-living chemical substance
• Have physical and chemical properties

Question 3

Define physical properties

Answer 3

• Observable properties
  -Characteristics that do not change the chemical identify of a substance.

Question 4

Define melting point

Answer 4

The temperature of the substance changes from solid to liquid

Question 5

Use of materials with high melting points

Answer 5

• Used for high-temperature environments to withstand extreme temperatures.
• Ensures durability and safety

Question 6

Real-life applications of high melting point materials

Answer 6

• Steel in car engines
• Bricks in kilns and ovens
• Copper in electrical wiring
• Ceramics to hold hot food

Question 7

Applications of low melting point materials

Answer 7

• Thermoplastics: easily molded into any shape perfect manufacturing for packaging

Question 8

Define boiling point

Answer 8

Temperature that the material changes from liquid to gas

Question 9

Applications for high boiling point materials

Answer 9

• Certain cooking oils: high smoke point without burning or breaking down
• Coolants in energy power plants: Allows for efficient heat transfer without vaporizing

Question 10

Applications for low boiling point materials

Answer 10

• Fragrances: Long lasting smell for personal grooming
• Medicinal Inhalants

Question 11

Define thermal conductivity

Answer 11

The flow of thermal energy when there’s a heat difference

Question 12

3 processes of heat transfer

Answer 12

1. Conduction
2. Convection
3. Radiation

Question 13

Chemical Properties

Answer 13

Characteristics that change the chemical identity of a substance

Question 14

What type of property is boiling point and why?

Answer 14

Physical as it is a state change.

Question 15

Flammability

Answer 15

Chemicals as burning substances lead to new products.

Question 16

Ductility property?

Answer 16

Physical as it is a shape change –> made into wire

Question 17

Corrosiveness property

Answer 17

Chemical as it is corrosion due to electrons being stripped by a chemical reaction

Question 18

Malleability property

Answer 18

Physical as it is a shape change

Question 19

pH

Answer 19

Chemical as it indicates how acidic a substance is which can change due to chemical reactions

Question 20

Density property?

Answer 20

Physical as it is how closely atoms are in matter.