Properties of Glucose

Question 1

What does Glucose form?

Answer 1

white or colorless solids that are highly soluble in water and acetic acid but poorly soluble in methanol and ethanol.

Question 2

What is the melting point of a Glucose solid?

Answer 2

146 °C (295 °F) (α) and 150 °C (302 °F) (β)

Question 3

What temperature do glucose solids decompose at?

Answer 3

188 °C (370 °F)

Question 4

What is glucose’s pk value?

Answer 4

12.16 at 25 °C (77 °F)

Question 5

How many carbon atoms does glucose have?

Answer 5

Six carbon atoms

Question 6

What is glucose classified as?

Answer 6

Hexose or an aldohexose

Question 7

What is the glass transition temperature of glucose?

Answer 7

31 °C (88 °F)

Question 8

Less than 0.02% of the glucose molecules make up what?

Answer 8

How much of the open-chain form of glucose makes up an aqueous solution at equilibrium?

Question 9

What will any form of glucose do to the direction of polarized light?

Answer 9

it will rotate the direction of polarized light clockwise as seen looking toward the light source

Question 10

Glucose is also the most widely used ……. in most living organisms

Answer 10

Aldohexose

Question 11

How much glucose is in an adult human?

Answer 11

18 g (0.63 oz)

Question 12

How much glucose is present in an adult human’s bloodstream?

Answer 12

4 g (0.14 oz)

Question 13

How much glucose is produced in the liver of an adult in 24 hours?

Answer 13

180–220 g (6.3–7.8 oz)

Question 14

In plants and some prokaryotes, glucose is a product of …..?

Answer 14

Photosynthesis

Question 15

What is gluconeogenesis?

Answer 15

The metabolic pathway begins with molecules containing two to four carbon atoms (C) and ends in the glucose molecule containing six carbon atoms. It occurs in all living organisms

Question 16

In humans where does gluconeogenesis occur?

Answer 16

occurs in the liver and kidney

Question 17

What does gluconeogenesis allow organisms to do?

Answer 17

to build up glucose from other metabolites, including lactate or certain amino acids, while consuming energy.

Question 18

Where else can glucose be found outside of living organisms?

Answer 18

Glucose concentrations in the atmosphere are detected via collection of samples by aircraft and are known to vary from location to location

Question 19

In humans, glucose is metabolized by what?

Answer 19

Glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway

Question 20

What is the first step of glycolysis?

Answer 20

the phosphorylation of glucose by a hexokinase to form glucose 6-phosphate

Question 21

Tumor cells do what in relation to glucose?

Answer 21

grow comparatively quickly and consume an above-average amount of glucose by glycolysis

Question 22

Glucose can degrade to form carbon dioxide through what?

Answer 22

abiotic means

Question 23

Glucose is used as an energy in organisms, from bacteria to humans, through …….?

Answer 23

aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration (in bacteria), or fermentation

Question 24

Glucose is the human body’s key source of what?

Answer 24

Energy

Question 25

When glucose is low, what happens to psychological processes requiring mental efforts?

Answer 25

mental efforts like self-control and effortful decision-making are impaired

Question 26

What is the name of the glucose-binding nerve cells that regulate blood sugar levels?

Answer 26

Hypothalamus

Question 27

What are some common glucose polymers (polysaccharides)?

Answer 27

Starch, cellulose, and glycogen

Question 28

Glucose is a precursor for the synthesis of other important molecules such as ……

Answer 28

vitamin C (ascorbic acid)